USAF Pilot Perceptions of Workload Assessment in a Combat or High-Threat Environment
This study analyzed the self-reported survey responses of 219 Air Force Pilots concerning their perceptions of workload assessment in a combat or a high-threat environment. The first objective of this study was to determine and compare the combat workload factors of varying importance in combat workload assessment by aircraft and mission type flown. The second objective was to examine the pilots' perception of combat mission in-flight workload. A stepwise regression model to predict the pilots' perceptions of in-flight workload using pilots' characteristic data was explored. Research conclusion varied among aircraft types. Combat workload items indicated, as "distractingly" important were similar for all aircraft types, while items in lower level of importance were impacted by aircraft type. Mean Combat Workload (CWL) scores of pilots from each aircraft type were not significantly different. Overall, it was concluded that surveying pilots who had flown in combat or high-threat environments provided useful responses to assess pilot workload; however, findings based on subjective assessments, provide tentative grounds for further research.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Hybrid Airships
Airships played an important role in the US military early in the 20th century. After World War II the United States (US) military's interest in airships waned and airship operations terminated. This was due in part to advances in technology like fixed-wing aircraft. Over the next six decades, military capabilities and technologies continued to advance. These advances make the US military well suited to assist nations once disasters strike. As a result, the US receives numerous requests by foreign countries, federal agencies, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) for US military support during Foreign Humanitarian Assistance (FHA) operations. These operations are often complicated by limited or devastated infrastructure. Even though relief usually arrives within a day or two by air and within a week by ship, poor infrastructure can seriously delay the arrival of relief by any means, creating a gap in humanitarian assistance. Hybrid airships have the ability to surpass this limited infrastructure and deliver vital supplies directly where needed, quicker than before, and at a reduced cost. This research paper will explore the hybrid airship's suitability in support of future FHA operations.Topic: 11Air Force Fellows001 - Hybrid Airships: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Comparing Risks From Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal on Land and in the Ocean a Review of Agreements/Statutes, Scenarios, Processing/Packaging/Disposal Technologies, Models, and Decision Analysis
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
An Anion Characterization of a Constructed Wetland Used for Chlorinated Ethene Remediation
Chlorinated ethene's physical properties as well as ubiquitous state at DOD installations makes it a priority for innovative remediation efforts. Current techniques are expensive and time consuming to maintain. Constructed wetlands suggest an inexpensive and operational alternative to conventional technologies. Sub-surface flow wetlands provide the anaerobic zones necessary to reduce the recalcitrant chlorinated solvents prior to anaerobic or aerobic mineralization of its daughter products. A vertical flow cell to include sequential sedimentary layers of two hydric soil lifts and a mix of hydric soil and woody compost was the subject of this investigation. This study focused on the statistical significance among the three constructed strata. Concentrations of mono-carboxylic acids and other anions are indicators of the reductive conditions necessary for remediation. Acid anion concentrations were expected to be higher in the assumed anaerobic strata of the constructed cell as a result of the fermentation of humic substances. Decreases in sulfate and nitrate were also expected over the upward flowing, wetland profile due to the reductive, anoxic conditions. Evidence in this study validate these assumptions and suggest that constructed wetlands are a viable alternative to current remediation methods. Findings also suggest manipulation of the physical parameters such as strata depth, soil type, flow rate, etcof a wetland could increase the cell's remediation effectiveness.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Technical Feasibility of Loitering Lighter-Than-Air Near-Space Maneuvering Vehicles
The near-space region of earth's atmosphere above 20 kilometers altitude is greatly underutilized. Lighter-than-air maneuvering vehicles, or airships, using the principle of buoyancy can take advantage of this region to become potential platforms for precision navigation, environmental monitoring, communication relays, missile warning, surveillance, and weapon delivery. These vehicles purportedly provide persistent coverage over large areas of the earth's surface at substantially lower costs than orbiting satellites. This study investigated the technical requirements to loiter an operational payload within this high altitude region using a lighter-than-air maneuvering platform. A parametric analysis was conducted to identify the critical technologies needed to achieve operational payload, power, altitude, and stationkeeping requirements. The research concluded feasibility of stationkeeping a 1000 kg payload in lower near-space (20-25 km) using current airship technologies. Solar powered electric propellers provided the best overall near-space loiter capability for missions beyond 30 days. Additional loiter capability can be attained for shorter missions using fuel cell technologies. Technology improvements in the airship's drag coefficient, envelope fabric density, and payload mass and power requirements are required to attain altitudes beyond 25 km.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Economic Feasibility of Installing an Anaerobic Digester on a Department of Defense Installation
Improving technology has made anaerobic digestion a viable method for disposing of organic waste and creating alternative energy. The purpose of this research was to examine the feasibility of installing an anaerobic digester on a Department of Defense installation, and measure its contribution to the execution of Executive Order 13423. A present worth equation was derived in accordance with 10 Code of Federal Regulations 436 expressing viable costs and benefits of an anaerobic digester. A case study of Wright Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB) was then presented using the derived equation and operational data from functional digesters in the Ohio area. The research identified that an anaerobic digester at WPAFB is not financially practical at this time, but would contribute towards the goals of Executive Order 13423. The derived cost-analysis equation can be applied to any U.S. military base.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Handling Qualities Evaluation of a Supersonic Tailless Air Vehicle
This thesis presents the results of a handling qualities evaluation of a supersonic tailless air vehicle. The 2006 Quadrennial Defense Review mandated the need for the next generation of long-range strike aircraft by 2018. Due to speed and stealth requirements, this resulted in a tailless aircraft with an instantaneous center of rotation located well forward of that of a conventional aircraft. This thesis examines how this center of rotation affected pilot handling qualities ratings. This effect should have been the most pronounced during approach and landing, and was where the testing focused. The goal of this research was to develop a systematic procedure for evaluating the handling qualities of this aircraft, and to determine how different pilot flying techniques or pilot-inceptor interactions influenced them. This procedure was demonstrated in simulator testing and in flight testing on the Calspan-operated Total In-Flight Simulator aircraft.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Parachute Extraction of a Generic Store From a C-130
This thesis encompasses a feasibility analysis of a parachute extracted generic precision guided munition from the cargo bay of a C-130 aircraft in flight. This analysis utilizes the USAF Beggar code and incorporates full physics effects as well as aerodynamic loading assuming an inviscid aircraft and viscous store for a time-accurate solution. Both an immediate and time varying application of the parachute force are utilized as well as two different ordnance body styles at zero and 5 degrees AOA with the store placed on centerline and offset in the cargo bay. The time accurate parachute model is based on empirical data and more closely follows the force fall off as the parachute slows down during the extraction process. Both store body styles were successfully extracted from the cargo bay without contacting any portion of the delivery aircraft, following a safe trajectory down and away from all of the release conditions. The extraction took 1.7 seconds with the immediate application of the parachute force and 2.1 seconds when the time varying model was applied. The maximum roll seen during an extraction was 13 degrees, which was the largest movement on any axis.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Satellite Capabilities Mapping
The cost and schedule advantages small satellites have over larger legacy systems have been studied, but there has been very little experimentation performed to determine whether small satellites can actually deliver the capabilities of larger spacecraft. To date, a desired operational capability has not been fully realized by a scalable satellite design. Advances in sensor technology have led to significant reductions in size, weight, and power (SWaP) presenting an opportunity to exploit the evolution of space operations by using small satellites to perform specific missions. This paper describes a methodology that maps a specific set of large space vehicle capabilities to CubeSats. The process examines the utility of advanced sensors.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Need for a Global Space-Traffic-Control Service
Losing a satellite to an accidental on-orbit collision is no longer hypothetical, but real and increasingly likely. As a result, the need for global space-traffic control must be addressed by the space-faring nations, especially the United States. The fiscal and national security ramifications are too significant to ignore. The replacement cost of a satellite, perhaps hundreds of millions of dollars, is the most obvious impact. But, this may be the most trivial consideration. The greatest concern is the potential catastrophic loss of vital communications, navigation, weather, and other services we depend on for daily global commerce and defense. As a matter of national prestige, leadership and security, the US Government should endeavor to establish an international institution to govern global space traffic. As in 1944, the United States should convene a similar international conference with the purpose to establish such a service like the ICAO.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Analyzing Carbohydrate-Based Regenerative Fuel Cells as a Power Source for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Based on current capabilities, we examine the feasibility of creating a carbohydratebased regenerative fuel cell (CRFC) as the primary power source for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for long endurance missions where station keeping is required. A CRFC power system is based on a closed-loop construct where carbohydrates are generated from zooxanthellae, algae that create excess carbohydrates during photosynthesis. The carbohydrates are then fed to a carbohydrate fuel cell where electric power is generated for the UAV's propulsion, flight control, payload, and accessory systems. The waste products from the fuel cell are used by the zooxanthellae to create more carbohydrates, therefore mass is conserved in the process of power generation. The overall goal of this research is to determine if CRFCs should be explored further as a viable power source. Through simulations, a UAV is sized to determine if greater than 24 hour endurance flight is possible and these results are compared to UAVs using more traditional photocell based power systems. The initial results suggest that more research should be done in the development of CRFCs as a power system for long endurance UAVs. The final outcome of this research is to identify the most important areas for more detailed followon work in designing a production-ready CRFC power system for long endurance UAVs.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Costs of Arsenic Removal Technologies for Small Water Systems
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Identifying and Mitigating the Risks of Cockpit Automation
Cockpit automation has delivered many promised benefits such as improved system safety and efficiency, however, at the same time it has imposed system costs that are often manifest in the forms of mode confusion, errors of omission, and automation surprises. An understanding of the nature of these costs as well as associated influencing factors is necessary to adequately design the future automated systems that will be required for Air Mobility Command aircraft to operate in the future air traffic environment. This paper reviews and synthesizes Human Factors research on the costs of cockpit automation. These results are interpreted by modeling the automated cockpit as a supervisory control system in which the pilot works with, but is not replaced by, automated systems. From this viewpoint, pilot roles in the automated cockpit provide new opportunities for error in instructing, monitoring, and intervening in automated systems behavior. These opportunities for error are exacerbated by the limited machine coordination capabilities, limits on human coordination capabilities and properties of machine systems that place new attention and knowledge demands on the human operator. In order to mitigate the risks posed by these known opportunities for error and associated influencing factors, a system of defenses in depth is required involving integrated innovations in design, procedures, and training. The issues raised in this paper are not specific to transport aircraft or the broader aviation domain, but apply to all current and future highly automated military systems.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
An Investigation of Starting Techniques for Inward Turning Inlets at Flight Speeds Below the On-Design Mach Number
The purpose of this study was to create and investigate starting techniques aimed at allowing complex, three dimensional inward turning inlets to start by swallowing the shock wave associated with un-started inlets. The designed techniques were rooted in supersonic diffuser theory and the Kantrowitz limit, and the techniques attempted to alleviate the over contraction that occurs in inward turning inlets at flight speeds below the on-design Mach number. Five cases, three geometries at two flow conditions, and the base non-modified inlet at the two different flow conditions were generated and all were numerically simulated using a commercially produced numerical solver, CFD++. The simulations were computed using the inviscid Navier-Stokes/Euler equations in a steady state analysis to generate the shock wave, followed by a transient analysis to allow the shock to move in time. The results of the investigation show that all five cases proved to be sub-optimal as none were able to successfully swallow the shock during the transient simulation. However, the results from this analysis indicate that the slit case, designs that extended the initial spill areas of the inlet, appear to hold the most potential in the creation of a successful starting technique. The slit case holds the most potential because the slit Mach 2.7 case was just as effective as the slot Mach 2.7 case, yet the slit area was half the size as the designed slots. Future research should attempt to characterize the effects of slits at different Mach numbers and at various complexities of inlet and slit geometry.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Characterization of Binary Offset Carrier Systems Coexisting With Other Wideband Signals
Results for the modeling, simulation, and analysis of interference effects that modern wideband signals have on Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) system performance are presented. In particular, BOC performance is characterized using a basic system model and parameters consistent with those of the Global Positioning System (GPS) Military System (M-Code signal). Three modern wideband signals are addressed in this work as potential interferers. These include the direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) GPS clear/acquisition code (C/A-Code) signal, the DSSS GPS precision code (P-Code) signal, and an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) signal, which are all modeled to spectrally coexist within the same bandwidth as the M-Code signal.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
USAF Aircraft Mishap Safety Investigation Boards
The United States Air Force (USAF) has a formal process for conducting investigations of its aircraft mishaps. The system has undergone several changes over the years, each designed to make the process more effective in saving lives and resources. Critics of the current system believe that the USAF has still not gone far enough with their changes. Organizations not directly involved in mishap investigations still have too much influence on what information goes in the memorandum of final evaluation (MOFE), or the Air Force's official position on each mishap. This disrupts the investigation process. As a result of the outside influences, the investigation boards lose credibility and the aviation community loses confidence in their mishap reports. The effectiveness of the program is weakened. This paper analyzes the concerns of the critics. This is supported by a review of past mishap reports where the author compares safety investigation board reports with their respective MOFEs. Also, the paper reviews comments provided by other research, including a report by the Blue Ribbon Panel on Aviation. Using this information, the paper provides suggested improvements to the USAF aviation safety mishap reporting process. The improvements minimize the changes that are occurring between the safety investigation board report and the generation of the MOFE. This will revitalize confidence in the mishap reports, resulting in a more effective program that saves more lives and resources.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Need for Speed
Transformation to the next level of technology is a pressing issue for the Air Force's strategic planers. Just how much of a leap in technology do engineers try to take when designing a new system? The answer depends if new discoveries have increased the technology available when they design a new system. However, it makes little sense to build new equipment that does not provide an improved capability or a more reliable system. That being said, the next long-range strike platform could take that technological leap and be a very fast near-space vehicle. Past events, such as the 2004 X-43 launch, show that technological progress is occurring on critical hypersonic components. While this is not a paper on the technology per se, it covers the implications of building and operating a "hypersonic" bomber force. This paper addresses the question of whether or not the hypersonic bomber is worth the required investment and covers several aspects involved with hypersonic bomber operations.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Thermal Performance of Cryogenic Multilayer Insulation at Various Layer Spacings
Multilayer insulation (MLI) has been shown to be the best performing cryogenic insulation system at high vacuum (less that 10 (exp 3) torr), and is widely used on spaceflight vehicles. Over the past 50 years, many investigations into MLI have yielded a general understanding of the many variables that are associated with MLI. MLI has been shown to be a function of variables such as warm boundary temperature, the number of reflector layers, and the spacer material in between reflectors, the interstitial gas pressure and the interstitial gas. Since the conduction between reflectors increases with the thickness of the spacer material, yet the radiation heat transfer is inversely proportional to the number of layers, it stands to reason that the thermal performance of MLI is a function of the number of layers per thickness, or layer density. Empirical equations that were derived based on some of the early tests showed that the conduction term was proportional to the layer density to a power. This power depended on the material combination and was determined by empirical test data. Many authors have graphically shown such optimal layer density, but none have provided any data at such low densities, or any method of determining this density. Keller, Cunnington, and Glassford showed MLI thermal performance as a function of layer density of high layer densities, but they didn't show a minimal layer density or any data below the supposed optimal layer density. However, it was recently discovered that by manipulating the derived empirical equations and taking a derivative with respect to layer density yields a solution for on optimal layer density. Various manufacturers have begun manufacturing MLI at densities below the optimal density. They began this based on the theory that increasing the distance between layers lowered the conductive heat transfer and they had no limitations on volume. By modifying the circumference of these blankets, the layer density can easily be variThis work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Canning of Foods
"The Canning of Foods," originally published in 1912, offers a detailed look into the methods employed in commercial canning during the early 20th century. Authored by A. W. Bitting, in conjunction with the United States Bureau of Chemistry and the Department of Agriculture, this volume provides valuable insights into the techniques and processes used to preserve food on a large scale. This historical text explores the various steps involved in canning, from preparation and processing to sealing and sterilization. It serves as a fascinating resource for those interested in the history of food technology and the evolution of the food industry. Whether you're a historian, a culinary enthusiast, or simply curious about the past, this book offers a unique glimpse into a bygone era of food preservation.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Chromate Content Bias as a Function of Particle Size in Aircraft Primer Paint Overspray
Spray painting operations using chromate-containing primer paints produce particles which may expose workers to strontium chromate. Chromate contains hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) which is a confirmed human carcinogen. It is suspected that the smaller particles contain disproportionately less Cr(VI) than larger particles. In order to determine if a bias in chromate content exists, paint particles were collected and separated based on particle size and the Cr(VI) concentration was determined. Aviation primer paint from the DeSoto and Deft companies was sprayed in a booth and seven-stage cascade impactors were used to separate particles. The particles were grouped into fourteen distinct bins based on size within an overall range of 0.7 to 34.1 um mass median aerodynamic diameter. The total mass of dry paint collected in each bin was quantified and the paint was analyzed for Cr(VI) mass.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Detonation Branching in a PDE With Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuel
Pulse detonation engines (PDE) capitalize on the large mass flux and pressure rise a detonation has compared to a deflagration. The PDE operates on a fill-detonate-exhaust cycle and its thrust is directly proportional to the cycle frequency, therefore a decrease in cycle time results in increased thrust. This research showed that the detonate part of the cycle can be shortened by using a branched detonation as the ignition source as opposed to standard spark ignition. This research was a milestone in PDE development because, while detonation branching has been accomplished using gaseous hydrogen as the fuel, this was the first instance of detonation branching using liquid hydrocarbon fuel. A vaporization system was used to vaporize the fuel and mix it with the airstream, allowing the PDE to operate at stoichiometric conditions. This research concluded that detonation ignition is not only possible when using liquid hydrocarbon fuel, but it produces results superior to those obtained using spark ignition. With detonation ignition, more energy is input into the head than with spark ignition. Operating at a 20 Hz cycle frequency and a 1.02 equivalence ratio, ignition times were 5.63 and 0.19 ms and deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) times were 2.36 and 1.03 ms for the spark- and detonation-ignited thrust tubes, respectively. The total time savings in the detonate part of the PDE cycle for detonation-ignition was 6.77 ms, an 85% time reduction in ignition and DDT times. This reduction in cycle time affords an appreciable thrust increase. Also, DDT was complete in 83% of the distance, allowing a decrease in tube length, which decreases overall weight.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Design Manual
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
System Identification of an on Orbit Spacecraft's Antenna Dynamics
The research presented here is a follow on to previous efforts [Pachter, Barba, 2007] in which a tight control loop was designed to meet performance specifications while minimizing the control gains of a spacecraft mounted flexible antenna. Emphasis is now shifted to system identification in order to increase nominal plant knowledge, estimate plant uncertainty bounds, as well as determine the disturbance band. Knowledge of the plant dynamics along with the corresponding uncertainty bounds will provide for the design of a control system which meets the specifications (tracking and disturbance rejection) while at the same time employing the lowest possible gain. This in turn is conducive to sensor noise disturbance rejection, avoidance of actuator saturation, and excitation of high frequency modes.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Water
Water: Vital to Life, Vulnerable to Terrorism The safety of US water systems took on new meaning as a result of the 2001 terrorist attacks. Today, the US has not adequately mitigated the bioterrorist threat to US water systems. The FBI has previously found a computer belonging to a person with direct ties to Osama bin Laden that contained architectural and engineering software related to dams and other water-retaining structures. Possible contamination of the water system would have a devastating physical and psychological effect on the United States population and economy. Contamination of a water system could consist of the use of biological agents or toxic materials such as metals, cyanide, organic solvents, and pesticides. Currently a vast majority of water facilities lack instrument sensors that can measure the toxicity of the potable water sources and securing these distribution systems is infeasible. The next terrorist attack will affect thousands of people and will incorporate patience and simplicity. These attacks will be against areas that society takes for granted and that are almost impossible to secure. The United States potable water supply system is one of these possible targets. Much like the recent foiled terrorist plot to attack the fuel distribution pipeline at JFK airport, the water distribution systems in the United States are designed to allow flexibility when the system suffers equipment failures or routine maintenance. It is this type of design that makes safeguarding the water supplies highly complex and costly. This design places pumping stations, holding tanks, electronically controlled valves and millions of miles of piping in remote and often obscure locations making them prime targets for terrorists. Contamination of a water system could consist of the use of biological agents or toxic materials.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
A Model for Palladium Catalyzed Destruction of Chlorinated Ethene Contaminated Groundwater
Groundwater contamination by chlorinated ethenes is a widespread environmental problem. Conventional remediation technologies have shortcomings that have prompted further research into the development of novel treatment technologies. A palladium/ alumina catalyst in the presence of dissolved molecular hydrogen (referred to hereafter as a Pd/H2 system) has been demonstrated to rapidly destroy chlorinated ethene contaminated groundwater. First-order kinetics have been used to model chlorinated ethene destruction in a Pd/H2 reactor. However, catalyst deactivation and regeneration are important processes that also need to be modeled in order to better understand their effect on treatment efficiency. This study presents a model for palladium catalyzed destruction of chlorinated ethenes that includes catalyst deactivation and regeneration. The model is validated using experimental column results (Lowry and Reinhard, 2000a). The model is then coupled with an analytical groundwater flow model to simulate application of in-well Pd/H2 reactors to treat chlorinated ethene contaminated groundwater in a recirculating Horizontal Flow Treatment Well (HFTW) system. Applying the model under realistic conditions results in approximately 130 days of HFTW system operation without significant catalyst deactivation. This suggests catalyst deactivation will not significantly affect operating costs or system performance in a real remediation scenario. The model presented in this study, by incorporating the relevant processes of catalyst deactivation and regeneration, represents an important step in transitioning the Pd/H2 in-well system toward field application.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Cooperative Unmanned Aerial Surveillance Control System Architecture
Intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) is a high-demand Department of Defense mission performed by unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) at the tactical and theater levels. Coordinating UAS aircraft through cooperative control offers the advantages of persistence, distributed and adaptable sensor coverage, and reduced revisit time on points of interest. The purpose of this thesis is to apply systems engineering principals to the problem of developing a flexible, common control system for cooperative UAS surveillance at the tactical level. The AFIT team developed a concept of operations (CONOPS) encompassing various users and surveillance tasks. The team then used the scenarios in the CONOPS to build a conceptual architecture.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Comparison of High Aspect Ratio Cooling Channel Designs for a Rocket Combustion Chamber With Development of an Optimized Design
An analytical investigation on the effect of high aspect ratio (height/width) cooling channels, considering different coolant channel designs, on hot-gas-side wall temperature and coolant pressure drop for a liquid hydrogen cooled rocket combustion chamber, was performed. Coolant channel design elements considered were: length of combustion chamber in which high aspect ratio cooling was applied, number of coolant channels, and coolant channel shape. Seven coolant channel designs were investigated using a coupling of the Rocket Thermal Evaluation code and the Two-Dimensional Kinetics code. Initially, each coolant channel design was developed, without consideration for fabrication, to reduce the hot-gas-side wall temperature from a given conventional cooling channel baseline. These designs produced hot-gas-side wall temperature reductions up to 22 percent, with coolant pressure drop increases as low as 7.5 percent from the baseline. Fabrication constraints for milled channels were applied to the seven designs. These produced hot-gas-side wall temperature reductions of up to 20 percent, with coolant pressure drop increases as low as 2 percent. Using high aspect ratio cooling channels for the entire length of the combustion chamber had no additional benefit on hot-gas-side wall temperature over using high aspect ratio cooling channels only in the throat region, but increased coolant pressure drop 33 percent. Independent of coolant channel shape, high aspect ratio cooling was able to reduce the hot-gas-side wall temperature by at least 8 percent, with as low as a 2 percent increase in coolant pressure drop. ne design with the highest overall benefit to hot-gas-side wall temperature and minimal coolant pressure drop increase was the design which used bifurcated cooling channels and high aspect ratio cooling in the throat region. An optimized bifurcated high aspect ratio cooling channel design was developed which reduced the hot-gas-side wall temperature by 18 percent andThis work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Transforming the Aircraft Inspection Process
The next five years promise to bring significant changes to the Air Force's current operating environment. This change is prompted by several budget initiatives to provide funds for vital programs that include recapitalizing the growing inventory of aging aircraft. Some of these initiatives target manpower billets in specific areas across the Active, Reserve, and Guard forces with a projected goal of reducing full-time equivalent positions by approximately 40,000. One initiative, released as Programmed Budget Decision (PBD) 716 in December 2005, directs the offsets to be fully executed by the end of FY11 across most Air Force Specialty Codes (AFSCs) to minimize huge losses in a few areas. Within the past year, the period to complete the offsets has been accelerated to end of FY09.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Hybrid Airships for Lift
With its reduced operating costs and point-of-need (PON) delivery ability, the hybrid airship is one lift option that offers promising capabilities to meet the DoD's future logistical challenges throughout the spectrum of conflict. When examining the hybrid airship in this capacity, it is essential for personnel to evaluate the platform through the appropriate framework without dismissing the idea based on inaccurate misconceptions. Establishing a new paradigm, distinct from traditional airlift and sealift frameworks, is critical in understanding how hybrid airships would be viable lift options in filling the current cost/speed gap in the distribution system. Assessing the hybrid airship in a distinct framework allows for a pragmatic examination of its key operational challenges. The vehicle proves to be far more robust and capable in terms of threat and weather survivability, along with ground and terminal operations, than commonly perceived.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Wind Tunnel Analysis and Flight Test of a Wing Fence on a T-38
A low-speed wind tunnel study and flight tests were performed to examine the effects of a wing fence on the T-38A. Wind tunnel results were based upon force and moment data collected with a six-component balance and flow visualization at Reynolds numbers up to 0.3 x 106, based on mean aerodynamic chord. The model did not include the last 7.79 feet of the aircraft, and the engine and exhaust were modeled as through-holes. Five fence geometries, placed at wing station 125 ( 0.825 semispan), were compared. The best performer of these designs, based on drag polar, was the fence that wrapped the leading edge and extended 84.6 percent of the local chord length along the wing's upper surface. Wind tunnel data showed that this fence increased the lift coefficient by up to 6.3 0.6 percent and reduced spanwise and separated flow outboard the fence. The flight-tested fence was based on the best performing fence design from the wind tunnel study. The results were based on aircraft instrumentation and flow visualization at Reynolds numbers up to 9.98 x 106. It was inconclusive whether the fence caused an increase in lift coefficient. The fence reduced the roll-off tendency and wing rock during approaches to stall. Tuft visualization on the aircraft wing suggested that the fence reduced spanwise and separated flow outboard the fence, which agreed with the wind tunnel results.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Effect of Aerodynamic Surfaces Versus Thrust Maneuvers on Reentry Vehicles
This research effort analyzes the effect of aerodynamic surfaces versus thrust maneuvers on a reentry vehicle. At high altitudes the effect of aerodynamic surfaces on the reentry vehicle is small due to low atmospheric density; however as the vehicle reaches lower altitudes a lift maneuver is very successful in deflecting the vehicle and creating a large impact footprint. When a continuous thrust maneuver is input in the place of a lift maneuver the results are very similar at the highest maneuver altitudes, although the impact footprint shrinks rapidly as the maneuver altitude decreases. Additionally, when the thrust maneuver is along or opposite the velocity vector of the vehicle it significantly alters the time of flight, especially when performed at higher altitudes. In order to perform this analysis, a FORTRAN program using the equations of motion for a reentry vehicle was modified in order to accommodate the lift and thrust maneuvers.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Air Traffic Control Capabilities
New world-wide requirements to equip aircraft for ADS-B surveillance systems provides an opportunity for the USAF to develop and field a lower-cost, more accurate, and integrated Air Traffic Control and Command and Control system. Such a system would improve command and control in military, civilian, and joint civ/mil environments, particularly in areas not suitable for traditional radar operations due to infrastructure, security, or terrain.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Chemical and Biological Treatment of Thermally Condition Sludge Recycle Liquors
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Aeroelastic Analysis of a Joined-Wing Sensorcraft
This study performed an aeroelastic analysis of a joined-wing SensorCraft. The analysis was completed using an aluminum structural model that was splined to an aerodynamic panel model. The force and pressure distributions were examined for the four aerodynamic panels: aft wing, fore wing, joint, and outboard tip. Both distributions provide the expected results (elliptical distribution), with the exception of the fore wing. The fore wing appears to be affected by interference with the joint. The use of control surfaces for lift and roll was analyzed. Control surfaces were effective throughout most of the flight profile, but may not be usable due to radar requirements. The aft wing was examined for use in trimming the vehicle. Also, two gust conditions were examined. In one model, the wing twist was simulated using a series of scheduled control surfaces. Trim results (angle of attack and twist angle) were compared to those of previous studies, including gust conditions. The results are relatively consistent with those calculated in previous studies, with variations due to differences in the aerodynamic modeling. To examine a more physically accurate representation of aft wing twist, it was also modeled by twisting the wing at the root. The twist was then carried through the aft wing by the structure. Trim results were again compared to previous studies. While consistent for angle of attack results, the aft wing twist deflection remained relatively constant throughout the flight profile and requires further study.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
An Evaluation of U.S. Air Force Aviation Fuel Consumption Factors to Accurately Predict Aviation Fuel Costs by Aircraft Mission, Design, and Series
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the ability of Air Force published fuel factors to accurately predict the cost of aviation fuel (AVFUEL) for United States Air Forces in Europe (USAFE) aircraft. The Fuels Automated Management andAccounting System (FAMS) was implemented in 1994 and provides detailed information concerning gallons consumed by tail number for all aircraft in the Air Force inventory. Cost factors developed since 1994 use FAMS as the primary data source. The research objective was to assess how accurately aviation fuel factors, based on FAMS data, predicted actual fuel costs for USAFE aircraft.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Burning Tires for Fuel and Tire Pyrolysis
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Wind Tunnel Investigation of the Static Stability and Control Effectiveness of a Rotary Tail in a Portable UAV
The Air Force Research Lab, Munitions Directorate, Flight Vehicles Integration Branch (AFRL/MNAV) developed a manportable, carbon-fiber matrix UAV with a flexible rectangular wing of 24 span and 6 chord, 18.2" length. There is a need for the development of smaller and lighter UAV's to perform certain missions. The objective of this experimental study was to determine the behavior and the aerodynamic characteristics of rotary tails. The bird-inspired rotary tail mechanism studied enabled control of two degrees of freedom and was configured to provide elevator deflection and rotation. Its effects on the static stability and control effectiveness were measured using the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) low speed wind tunnel. The yaw moment provided by each rotary tail was found to be on the same order of magnitude as a typical rudder, and in that respect it offers promise as an effective flight control scheme. However, it was also found that the side force, and consequently the yaw moment, generated by the two tail controls (elevator deflection and rotation) were strongly coupled, which could lead to challenging aircraft control issues. A benefit is that the configurations used in this thesis would reduce the storage length by 48%.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Measurement of Human Pilot Dynamic Characteristics in Flight Simulation
Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Least Square Error (LSE) estimation techniques were applied to the problem of identifying pilot-vehicle dynamic characteristics in flight simulation. A brief investigation of the effects of noise, input bandwidth and system delay upon the FFT and LSE techniques was undertaken using synthetic data. Data from a piloted simulation conducted at NASA Ames Research Center was then analyzed. The simulation was performed in the NASA Ames Research Center Variable Stability CH-47B helicopter operating in fixed-basis simulator mode. The piloting task consisted of maintaining the simulated vehicle over a moving hover pad whose motion was described by a random-appearing sum of sinusoids. The two test subjects used a head-down, color cathode ray tube (CRT) display for guidance and control information. Test configurations differed in the number of axes being controlled by the pilot (longitudinal only versus longitudinal and lateral), and in the presence or absence of an important display indicator called an 'acceleration ball'. A number of different pilot-vehicle transfer functions were measured, and where appropriate, qualitatively compared with theoretical pilot- vehicle models. Some indirect evidence suggesting pursuit behavior on the part of the test subjects is discussed.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Concepts of Operations for a Reusable Launch Space Vehicle
The US military must be prepared to take advantage of reusable launch vehicles should the NASA-led effort to develop an RLV demonstrator prove successful. The focus of this research was an explanation of how the US military could use RLVs by describing and analyzing two concepts of operations. Four assumptions which guided the research are worthy of mention. First, the estimate that RLV technology will become operationally feasible by 2012 is reasonable. Second, a fiscally constrained environment will continue. Third, the US government will continue to support growth and development of the US commercial spacelift industry and encourage dual-use, or perhaps triple-use, of related facilities and systems. Fourth, the US Government's national security strategy will continue to emphasize international leadership and engagement to further its political, economic, and security objectives.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Design of Wastewater Treatment Facilities
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Estimating Costs and Manpower Requirements for Conventional Wastewater Treatment Facilities
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Autonomous Air Refueling for Unmanned Aircraft Systems
Air Refueling (AR) demonstrates its critical importance on a daily basis in combat and peacetime missions all over the world. It is a crucial link enabling the global reach the US Air Force needs to fly, fight and win the current Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) and conduct various other missions in support of the US Military Strategy. Despite its critical importance to airpower, AR technology has changed little in the last 50 years. The Air Force uses the same basic refueling systems designed for Strategic Air Command (SAC) over a half-century ago. These systems require a heavy workload by the receiver pilot either maintaining position in a tight refueling envelope for the Boom System or actually making and maintaining a contact with the Probe and Drogue System. With unmanned platforms playing a larger role in the Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) role and envisioned to one day replace the manned fighter, a system which can accomplish air refueling autonomously is being sought to enable the next generation of combat and ISR aircraft to safely conduct AR. The purpose of this research is to accomplish a cost/benefit analysis of air refueling Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) used as ISR platforms, specifically high altitude endurance (HAE) class UAS such as the Global Hawk. Currently two different AAR systems are being developed and tested independently by the Air Force Research Lab (AFRL) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in conjunction with the Sierra Nevada Corporation. This research is not intended to determine the superiority of one system over the other however; it is only intended to weigh the benefits and costs of the AAR concept as a whole.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Compressive Creep Behavior of Nextel TM 720/Alumina Ceramic Matrix Composite at 1200 Degrees C in Air and in Steam Environment
The aerospace community continues to push the envelope in engineering aircraft that fly higher, faster, and safer while operating with a greater degree of efficiency. To meet these operational requirements innovative aerospace components must be designed to operate in aggressive environments. The effects of creep loading history on the tensile and compressive material behavior will also be examined. The primary strengths of the N720/A composite are its oxide/oxide composition which inherently resists oxidation and a porous matrix which enables crack deflection producing enhanced matrix damage tolerance. Mechanical testing showed a significant decrease in the compressive performance of N720/A when exposed to steam environment. Conversely, N720/A specimens tested in compressive creep in air experienced an increase in compressive performance. SEM analysis showed that densification of the ?簣-alumina matrix occurred in both test environments. In air densification sinters the matrix resulting in a strengthening effect. Whereas, in steam environment analysis shows the addition of hydrogen induces hydrothermal softening of the matrix resulting in a significant loss of the compressive performance of N720/A.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Unmanned Aircraft Systems in a Forward Air Controller (Airborne) Role
The ability to deliver weapons systems and the increased capabilities of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) has sparked debate on their ability to conduct forward air controller (airborne) (FAC(A)) operations.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
A Robust Rotorcraft Flight Control System Design Methodology Utilizing Quantitative Feedback Theory
Rotorcraft flight control systems present design challenges which often exceed those associated with fixed-wing aircraft. First, large variations in the response characteristics of the rotorcraft result from the wide range of airspeeds of typical operation (hover to over 100 kts). Second, the assumption of vehicle rigidity often employed in the design of fixed-wing flight control systems is rarely justified in rotorcraft where rotor degrees of freedom can have a significant impact on the system performance and stability. This research was intended to develop a methodology for the design of robust rotorcraft flight control systems. Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT) was chosen as the basis for the investigation. Quantitative Feedback Theory is a technique which accounts for variability in the dynamic response of the controlled element in the design robust control systems. It was developed to address a Multiple-Input Single-Output (MISO) design problem, and utilizes two degrees of freedom to satisfy the design criteria. Two techniques were examined for extending the QFT MISO technique to the design of a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) flight control system (FCS) for a UH-60 Black Hawk Helicopter. In the first, a set of MISO systems, mathematically equivalent to the MIMO system, was determined. QFT was applied to each member of the set simultaneously. In the second, the same set of equivalent MISO systems were analyzed sequentially, with closed loop response information from each loop utilized in subsequent MISO designs. The results of each technique were compared, and the advantages of the second, termed Sequential Loop Closure, were clearly evident.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
X37 Space Vehicle
The Air Force invested $16M in NASA's X-37 program and will have exclusive testing of two of these space platforms in FY 2001/2002. The platform will test new remotely controlled platforms for space launch and space presence that is a joint military and commercial project. This paper will describe the capabilities, dimensions, and concept of operations for the platform. The paper also addresses the need to leverage and nurture commercial technology for the Air Force to remain in the lead on the technological front. Finally, the paper will address the potential warfighter needs of the space platform to satisfy the Air Forces core competencies and allow the fielded combat commander the ability to directly control and use this future asset.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Engineering Handbook for Hazardous Waste Incineration
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
A Systems Engineering Approach to the Design of a Spacecraft Dynamics and Control Testbed
A systems engineering team used an innovative process to develop a new frictionless air bearing satellite simulator, SIMSAT II, for AFIT. AFIT faculty provided the design team with initial requirements, including rotating 30 rpm for spin stabilization and a rapid slewing capability about the yaw axis of +/- 45 degrees in 15 seconds from a standing start to a standing stop. The design team developed the Project Vee process model to meet these requirements by combining key system engineering principles of the original Vee model with project management tenets. The Project Vee model decomposed the requirements to produce a complete system design, guided the procurement of components, and performed validation and verification of the system. The design effort resulted in a three-axis, tabletop spherical air bearing configuration. SIMSAT II incorporates the use of fans as an actuating device for rapid slewing capability, a rigid structure for greater stability, and the capability for longer experimental runs. A modular payload platform allows for numerous types of experiments to be conducted onboard the system. SIMSAT II provides AFIT with a new simulator for spacecraft dynamics and control, with both educational and research experimentation possibilities.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
