ChatGPT vs. Machine Translation
Since its inception in the mid-20th century, machine translation (MT) has gone too far in aiding humans in their various translation-related activities. With the skyrocketing developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies and the recent advent of ChatGPT, a chatbot developed by GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) technology, a new dimension is expected to be added not only to translation but also to language-related activities in general. As a language-based tool, ChatGPT has recently joined the competition with MT to achieve the ultimate goal of offering an error-free translation. The current study tries to present an adequate account of this issue by shedding light on the translation quality assessment (TQA) of both.
LitЕrАry TrАnslАtiОn
This textbook is intеndеd fоr studеnts studying in thе fiеld оf Trаnslаtiоn studies. Thе textbook саn bе rесоmmеndеd fоr usе by linguist studеnts in а соursе in writtеn trаnslаtiоn оf thе first lаnguаgе (Еnglish), in а рrасtiсаl соursе in thе trаnslаtiоn оf Еnglish аs а sесоnd fоrеign lаnguаgе, аs wеll аs by studеnts оf оthеr аrеаs оf trаining аs аn аdditiоnаl guidе tо sресiаlizеd trаnslаtiоn (trаnslаtiоn оf fiсtiоn). This textbook will hеlр yоu асquirе thе nесеssаry рrоfеssiоnаl skills in trаnslаting fiсtiоn frоm Еnglish intо Uzbеk аnd frоm Uzbеk intо Еnglish. Thе mаin fосus оf thе textbook is wоrking оn thе trаnslаtiоn оf linguistiс mеаns thаt соnvеy аеsthеtiс аnd еmоtiоnаl infоrmаtiоn thаt dоminаtеs thе litеrаry tехt. Thе mаjоrity оf suсh linguistiс mеаns аrе stylistiсаlly mаrkеd units оf thе оriginаl. In аdditiоn tо tаsks аimеd dirесtly аt dеvеlорing trаnslаtiоn skills аnd аbilitiеs, thе textbook соntаins tаsks оn dеvеlорing thе аnаlytiсаl skills nесеssаry fоr а trаnslаtоr tо wоrk оn thе tаrgеt tехt.We hope that this textbook will serve as an important resource for translation studies students and teachers.
The Politics of Incompetence
"Incompetence" is not a deficit but a productive force that generates knowledge, subject positions, social relations, and space. This volume explores effects of such "incompetence" in Japanese language classrooms in the US, language tourism in Italy, and Māori language revitalization in Aotearoa/New Zealand, opening up a new area of study.
The Indigenous Languages of the Americas
The Indigenous Languages of the Americas takes stock of what is known about the history and classification of these languages and language families. It identifies the gaps in knowledge and puts them into perspective, and it assesses differences of opinion. It also resolves some issues and makes new contributions of its own. The nine chapters of the book deal incisively with the major themes involving these languages: the classification and history of the Indigenous languages of North American, Middle American (Mexico and Central America), and South American; difficulties involving names of the languages; origins of the languages of the New World; unclassified, phantom, fake, and spurious languages in the Americas; recent hypotheses of remote linguistic relationships; the linguistic areas of the Americas; contact languages, including pidgins, lingua francas, and mixed languages; and loanwords and other new words in the native languages of the Americas.
Panoramic Explorations of Nweh Rituals and Performance Language
From the shores of the Fraser River in Fort Langley, British Columbia, Central Africa might seem like a faraway region-in culture, in traditions, and in language, to name a few. But after observing people of the Kwantlen First Nation in ceremony, author Marc Tateh was reminded of his time in Africa and the need to preserve the Nweh language. Panoramic Explorations of Nweh Rituals and Performance Language is a literary analysis of the language used to conduct a few Nweh ceremonies. This hybrid of poetry and prose delves into the language's literary devices, unearthing a language rich in meaning, musicality, and imagery. Nuanced and attentive, Tateh's analysis is extensive. He uses his fluency and knowledge to document an oral language that's traditionally not written. This act of preservation is done with care and respect for indigenous values and traditions. The UNESCO's Atlas of World's Languages in Danger states that 40 percent of the world's 6700 languages are in danger of extinction. With approximately 76,000 speakers, Nweh could be one of those languages at risk. In a time when misconceptions about African peoples and languages continue to persist, and the danger of language extinction grows, education and preservation are essential. With this in mind, Panoramic Explorations of Nweh Rituals and Performance Language is timely as it is necessary.
Panoramic Explorations of Nweh Rituals and Performance Language
From the shores of the Fraser River in Fort Langley, British Columbia, Central Africa might seem like a faraway region-in culture, in traditions, and in language, to name a few. But after observing people of the Kwantlen First Nation in ceremony, author Marc Tateh was reminded of his time in Africa and the need to preserve the Nweh language. Panoramic Explorations of Nweh Rituals and Performance Language is a literary analysis of the language used to conduct a few Nweh ceremonies. This hybrid of poetry and prose delves into the language's literary devices, unearthing a language rich in meaning, musicality, and imagery. Nuanced and attentive, Tateh's analysis is extensive. He uses his fluency and knowledge to document an oral language that's traditionally not written. This act of preservation is done with care and respect for indigenous values and traditions. The UNESCO's Atlas of World's Languages in Danger states that 40 percent of the world's 6700 languages are in danger of extinction. With approximately 76,000 speakers, Nweh could be one of those languages at risk. In a time when misconceptions about African peoples and languages continue to persist, and the danger of language extinction grows, education and preservation are essential. With this in mind, Panoramic Explorations of Nweh Rituals and Performance Language is timely as it is necessary.
Treatise on actants and spaces
The understanding of places and characters, then of the species of spaces in a body of novels: this is the precise subject of my complete and detailed study disclosed in this book in the form of two opuscules entitled TREATY I, essay on actants and TREATY II, essay on spaces... Each treatise is orchestrated from the ten small essays that make it up, each bringing its own singularity.
Written Texts produced by students in Cycle I
In this text, which is now published, the author wanted to show the state of writing in one of the secondary schools in Lubango - Huila, Angola, in order to get a concrete idea of what is happening at this level. The cases of capitalization, addition and homophone spellings were the ones that most caught the author's attention. In this way, the difficulties presented by the students were confirmed and should be addressed through the remedial proposals presented. These difficulties found in the students' texts should serve as a basis for planning the Portuguese language subject in elementary school in order to provide the student with the skills to improve written communication in the classroom.
"Witches" and Wily Women
A passionate and enlightened defense of noka, the second person familiar pronoun for a female addressee in the Basque language ("Euskera"), this book provides unique insights into Basque culture, language, and gender. These insights may otherwise be lost forever, as noka is disappearing from speech. Echeverria shows how noka became marginalized, and illustrates the vibrant sociolinguistic life noka has led over 500 hundred years of Basque history. By uncovering this rich legacy for the first time in one monograph, and contributing original lyrics using noka of her own, Echeverria hopes to increase awareness of noka and the surprising stories it tells--and perhaps revitalize noka use. In addition to specialists in Basque studies and endangered languages, this book's broad scope and unique methodological approach should interest readers in gender studies, folklore, folksong, linguistics, and anthropology.
The Diachrony of Ditransitives in Late Modern Swedish
This book presents the first major study of ditransitives in Swedish. Using a combination of well-established and innovative corpus-based methods, the book reveals considerable changes in the constructional behaviour of ditransitive verbs over the course of the last 200 years. The key finding is that the use of the so-called double object construction has decreased dramatically in terms of frequency, lexical richness and semantic range. This development is parallelled by a decisive increase in prepositional object constructions. The results are of high relevance to the ongoing debate within construction grammar on constructional productivity and on the nature of horizontal links.
Crossing The Bridge
Sharon enters the world with a bang, as Doc Carsow target practices in the hayfield while waiting to deliver her. Too late to be in the Greatest Generation and too early to be a Baby Boomer, she crosses her mother, Susan's, bridge gleaning the benefits of both worlds. In 1940, the country is recovering from the Great Depression. The Chase family is stable after twelve years of extreme hardship. War descends on the nation. Life is on edge even for young Sharon. Fear, rationed products, sacrifice and heartache hold every day captive. Her mother and father attempt to provide security and normalcy. As an only child, Sharon is adored by her parents and loved by rural neighbors who enrich and widen her world. Their influence and encouragement expand her gifts of music, storytelling, art, teaching and conversation into a broad bridge of solid values and deep character which eventually touches thousands of lives. However, the inability to verbalize hardships and hurts becomes a stumbling block. Sharon's story reveals the powerful influence we hold over one another.
A Practical Guide to Second Language Teaching and Learning
An essential resource for individuals entering the field of second language (L2) teaching and learning, this book provides a complete set of instructional materials written in accessible language. Providing enough material to use for an entire semester, the book offers exciting activities for the L2 classroom, alongside outlining the theories and research that support them, including how to connect theory with practice. Each chapter includes: extensive and up-to-date content presented in a clear, engaging, and accessible manner; pre- and post-reading activities to help students connect the topics to their own lives; pedagogical guidelines with practical suggestions; summaries of empirical studies in non-technical, jargon-free language; end-of-chapter assignments which re-enforce students' learning and relate directly to the content. The book concludes with a compelling chapter on the research-practice dialogue. Online resources include lecture slides for instructors and audio files.
A Practical Guide to Second Language Teaching and Learning
An essential resource for individuals entering the field of second language (L2) teaching and learning, this book provides a complete set of instructional materials written in accessible language. Providing enough material to use for an entire semester, the book offers exciting activities for the L2 classroom, alongside outlining the theories and research that support them, including how to connect theory with practice. Each chapter includes: extensive and up-to-date content presented in a clear, engaging, and accessible manner; pre- and post-reading activities to help students connect the topics to their own lives; pedagogical guidelines with practical suggestions; summaries of empirical studies in non-technical, jargon-free language; end-of-chapter assignments which re-enforce students' learning and relate directly to the content. The book concludes with a compelling chapter on the research-practice dialogue. Online resources include lecture slides for instructors and audio files.
The Power of Language. A Bilingual Exploration of Literature, Metaphor, Journalism and Semantics
Academic Paper from the year 2024 in the subject Romance Studies - Interdisciplinary, language: English, abstract: This text contains articles in English and Portuguese. Dive into a captivating exploration of language and literature with this unique bilingual book! Delve into articles presented in both Portuguese and English, covering a range of subjects to ignite your curiosity. Educators will discover fresh ways to engage students with literature, while linguists will explore the fascinating world of metaphor. Aspiring journalists can gain a deeper understanding of journalistic theory, and everyone with a love for language will find something to savor. Whether you're a seasoned professional or simply a curious mind, this book offers a comprehensive journey. Each article is presented with depth and clarity, ensuring a rewarding experience for readers of all backgrounds. Embrace the richness of bilingual exploration and embark on a thought-provoking adventure. Let this book be your guide as you discover the power of ideas and the beauty of language, in both Portuguese and English.
Referring expression generation in context
Reference production, often termed Referring Expression Generation (REG) in computational linguistics, encompasses two distinct tasks: (1) one-shot REG, and (2) REG-in-context. One-shot REG explores which properties of a referent offer a unique description of it. In contrast, REG-in-context asks which (anaphoric) referring expressions are optimal at various points in discourse. This book offers a series of in-depth studies of the REG-in-context task. It thoroughly explores various aspects of the task such as corpus selection, computational methods, feature analysis, and evaluation techniques. The comparative study of different corpora highlights the pivotal role of corpus choice in REG-in-context research, emphasizing its influence on all subsequent model development steps. An experimental analysis of various feature-based machine learning models reveals that those with a concise set of linguistically-informed features can rival models with more features. Furthermore, this work highlights the importance of paragraph-related concepts, an area underexplored in Natural Language Generation (NLG). The book offers a thorough evaluation of different approaches to the REG-in-context task (rule-based, feature-based, and neural end-to-end), and demonstrates that well-crafted, non-neural models are capable of matching or surpassing the performance of neural REG-in-context models. In addition, the book delves into post-hoc experiments, aimed at improving the explainability of both neural and classical REG-in-context models. It also addresses other critical topics, such as the limitations of accuracy-based evaluation metrics and the essential role of human evaluation in NLG research. These studies collectively advance our understanding of REG-in-context. They highlight the importance of selecting appropriate corpora and targeted features. They show the need for context-aware modeling and the value of a comprehensive approach to model evaluation and interpretation. This detailed
Linguistics Olympiad
Linguistics Olympiad: Training Guide represents a unique and complex work aimed to help students and teachers alike prepare for the national and international Linguistics Olympiads. This guide identifies the most common types of problems and, for each of them, proposes a theoretical framework (basic linguistics concepts, as well as language typology data) together with a methodological approach, tailored for each type of problems, and, in the end, a selection of practice problems from past editions of national and international Linguistics Olympiads. This work is breaking new ground, being the first of its kind, featuring a large number of languages and problems, centered around the concept of problem-based learning.
Causative, Agent-Deprofiling, and Resultative Constructions in English and Urdu
The aim of this book is to provide a comparative analysis of intra- and inter- linguistic features, setting a benchmark for future typological studies. It contrasts cognitive and functional aspects of causative, agent-deprofiling, and resultative constructions in two typologically distant languages: English and Urdu. The detailed nature of the contrastive analysis opens doors for future research on the complexities of each construction and, by extension, of both languages. The study is framed within the field of cognitively-oriented constructionist approaches to language, specifically within the Lexical Constructional Model (LCM), proposed by Ruiz de Mendoza and Mairal. With its cross-linguistic dimension, it develops central aspects of this model at the argument-structure level and provides evidence of the role of high-level metaphor and metonymy in the motivating grammatical phenomena.
Pragmatic analysis of argumentation in political discourse.
The pragmatic analysis of argumentation in political discourse is no longer as easy to approach as some claim. It involves an interaction between several disciplinary fields. This interaction poses two major problems: should pragmatics be instrumentalized in political discourse, at the risk of emptying it of its ideological, argumentative and even experiential interest, or, on the contrary, should it be aestheticized, at the risk of radically separating politics and linguistics, saying and doing, politics and life?Attempting to order a still-formless landscape, that of the pragmatic analysis of argumentation in political discourse, raises a number of framing questions: -How does a linguist view argumentation in political discourse? Does he move on from a na簿ve reading based essentially on a guileless projection of the indistinction between what is said and what is not said, to become an accomplished analyst capable of identifying and describing the effects of political discourse with objectivity and distance, without allowing himself to be disturbed or affected by ideological effects?
Form and Meaning: Studies of Grammatical Variation and Communicative Choice in Spanish
This book presents a state-of-the-art study of variation that considers meaning-in all its possible facets-as the key to scientific explanation. It brings together a group of international scholars whose work pursues the systematic integration of meaning and function in models of grammatical usage. After a foreword by the world-leading specialist Nikolas Coupland and a theoretical introduction by editors Miguel A. Aij籀n Oliva and Mar穩a Jos矇 Serrano, the seven empirical chapters focus on morphosyntactic phenomena in different varieties of Spanish, analyzing a wide range of discourse types and communicative domains, from sociolinguistic interviews to mass media and social network interactions. These studies offer a basis for the study of variation from similar viewpoints in other languages.
Lexicography of Latin American Discourse
This essay reflects on the philosophical postulates of the book "Los diccionarios. Introduction to the lexicography of Spanish" by the author Elena Bajo P矇rez. This work is considered an introduction to the world of dictionaries and their relevance in the lexicography of the Spanish language. Throughout the text, different aspects related to lexicography, the evolution of dictionaries and their importance in the learning of Spanish will be examined, which is an essential introduction to the study of dictionaries and lexicography. In this book, the author establishes the theoretical and methodological bases necessary to understand the functioning and importance of dictionaries. The author begins by explaining that dictionaries are fundamental linguistic tools that allow us to access the knowledge and meaning of words. In addition to their consultation function, dictionaries also play a crucial role in language development, as they are a source of learning and guidance for speakers.
Late Modern English Apology Instances in the COHA
Seminar paper from the year 2022 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Paderborn (Institut f羹r Anglistik und Amerikanistik), course: Late Modern English, language: English, abstract: This paper analyzes apologies in Late Modern English using the COHA corpus. The paper investigates patterns and functions of apology instances, shedding light on historical speech acts and power dynamics. The Late Modern English period is generally referred to as the period of prescriptivism. Therefore, one can assume that various conversational patterns and speech acts like apologies often were predefined by the royalty and upper classes and meant to fulfil a clear purpose. This purpose usually serves to maintain power structures and hierarchies in society. For example, if a person from the working class misbehaved towards a person from the upper class, oftentimes they were more pressured to apologise and clarify their intentions and willingness to redress their actions than vice versa because the worker was dependent upon the upper-class member as they received their loan from them.
Die Funktion des Waldes in Ludwig Tiecks Novelle "Waldeinsamkeit" (1854)
Seminar paper from the year 2023 in the subject German Studies - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,0, Saarland University, language: English, abstract: Der erste Teil besch瓣ftigt sich weitestgehend mit dem konkreten Begriff der Waldeinsamkeit. Im Verlauf dieses ersten Kapitels wird in erster Linie der Wald als Gef瓣ngnis und als transitorischer Ort, gefolgt von einem Sehnen nach einer Einsamkeit, die mit dem Wald einhergeht, beleuchtet. Der zweite Teil der Arbeit befasst sich wiederum mit der realen Wald Dystopie, die der imagin瓣ren Wald Utopie gegen羹bergestellt wird. Des Weiteren werden, anhand der Gegen羹berstellung, die Entwicklungen der Protagonisten analysiert. Der nachfolgende dritte und somit abschlie?end letzte Teil meiner Arbeit behandelt die stilistischen Mittel und erl瓣utert, wie diese das Motiv des Waldes in Tiecks Novelle festigen. In diesem Zusammenhang wird zudem Bezug zu Tiecks Sp瓣twerk genommen und diskutiert, ob Tiecks letzte Novelle unter Einfluss, der an seinem Lebensende stehenden Epoche des Realismus, steht. Die Ausformulierung der Ergebnisse mit einem allgemeinen Fazit unter Bezug des Autors, bilden ein zusammenfassendes Ende der Arbeit.
Trauma Narration in Patricia McCormick's Novel "Sold". The Impact of Human Trafficking
Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 2,0, University of Paderborn (Institut f羹r Anglistik und Amerikanistik), course: American Trauma Narratives, language: English, abstract: This paper analyzes Patricia McCormick's novel "Sold" to explore how it captures the experiences of trauma resulting from human trafficking. The paper examines the novel's narrative techniques, the protagonist Lakshmi's emotional journey, and the creation of reader empathy. It demonstrates how "Sold" fulfills the key functions of a trauma narrative. For the analysis part, this paper examines which functions of Laurie Vickroy's theory of trauma narratives Patricia McCormick fulfills in her novel Sold. During the course, the role of Lakshmi's language, which reveals the development of her thoughts and feelings, the impact of people accompanying her on her journey, as well as the aspect of creating reader empathy, will shape the discourse. Weighing everything up, the paper will arrive at a conclusion. In so doing, the overall purpose is to prove that Sold fulfills all of the three main functions of a trauma narrative by Laurie Vickroy because other characters either enhance or reduce the traumatic experience, Lakshmi's trauma is dependent on numerous aspects that interplay during the novel, and the reader is bound to the traumatic experience.
Individualism in the 21st Century. Why Communication Became Impossible
Essay from the year 2019 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,7, University of Paderborn (Institut f羹r Anglistik und Amerikanistik), course: Individualism and Culture, language: English, abstract: This paper explores singer and songwriter Aaron' Weiss's self-promotion, based on mewithoutYou's album "Catch For Us The Foxes". The paper highlights Weiss's critique on his former self-promotion and its consequences on social and mental health. It examines how communication became nearly impossible in the 21st century due to the focus on sending as a means of expressing one's own individualism, which causes mental and social issues. As a first step, the band mewithoutYou and their album Catch For Us The Foxes, which contains the primary sources, will be presented to gain a general understanding of who the band is and what the relevance of this particular album is for the broader context of this paper. Subsequently, the reader will get an overview of the individualism in the 21st Century and to complete the background/theory chapter, it will be explained how communication works and what happens if it does not work because communication problems will play an important role in the course of this paper.
Chaucer's Timelessness and Individual Humour in "The Canterbury Tales". A Literary Perspective
Seminar paper from the year 2021 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 2,3, University of Paderborn (Institut f羹r Anglistik und Amerikanistik), course: British Poetry from Beowulf to Instagram, language: English, abstract: This paper analyzes Chaucer's humour in "The Canterbury Tales". The analysis focuses on six tales, exploring different forms of humour and their societal implications, showcasing Chaucer's unique style and critique. The paper will start by exploring humour at Chaucer's time as well as Chaucer and his humour in general. After this, a theory by the professor of English Luis Alberto L獺zaro Lafuente about Chaucer's timelessness and especially modernity will be taken into account. In the last part of the Background and Theory Chapter, the most relevant concepts, so forms of humour that are most prominent in Chaucer's work, and the concept of fable, will be defined. The analysis part will examine six tales that stick out concerning to their scope and variety of humour. First, the miller's use of dark humour will be focused to then go on to examine how the reeve revenges the miller for that. Then, some prototypical Chaucerian elements of humour in The Canterbury Tales will be investigated to get an understanding of Chaucer's style and individuality. After this, Chaucer's critique on humour in The Canterbury Tales will be taken into account. Finally, this paper will arrive at a conclusion, which considers the research question and thesis again, as well as options for further research.
The Language of COVID-19 Conspiracy Theories. A Semantic Approach
Seminar paper from the year 2021 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,0, University of Paderborn (Institut f羹r Anglistik und Amerikanistik), course: Semantics, language: English, abstract: This paper examines the language of COVID-19 conspiracy theories through analysing different sense relations, framings, and word combinations/blendings. The paper unveils linguistic tactics used to spread misinformation and provides crucial insights for combating misinformation and promoting critical thinking. To dissolve and understand the language of conspiracy, it is useful to first look at single units of language that mean something - words, and their semantic relations within the English language and to the world (OALD). Existing research recognises that conspiracy language is distinct and coins new linguistic structures with new senses which can then insert influence on the recipients which does not serve their cognitive well-being. An example of this would be the extensive use of the word truth in conspiracy theories, attached to a narrow belief in the sense of 'the only belief that should be accepted, otherwise, a person will suffer'. If someone is mentally labile and believes that truth only refers to that certain narrow belief, the person is likely to be manipulated.
Rhetoric and Storytelling Within the U.S. Asylum Process
This book explores the U.S. asylum process and how those seeking shelter deal with the rhetorical pressures of compelling asylum narratives they need to write in order to stay.Centered around a study conducted at a shelter on the U.S. border, this book moves beyond this context to demonstrate how liminal sites provide opportunities for displaced communities to employ distinct shared rhetorical practices of daily life--like silence and routine--that both safeguard vulnerabilities and enact agency for individuals within precarious spaces. Placing people who seek asylum and those who work with them as rhetorical and socio-cultural experts on this issue, the study adds to the emerging importance of rhetoric within discussions of asylum and forced migration and demonstrates the significance of rhetorical ecology theory as part of a blended methodology in understanding people seeking asylum as a group in a perpetual and explicit state of ethos development.Highlighting the need for support which is sensitive to the narrative struggles people seeking asylum face, this book will have important findings for scholars and upper-level students of cultural rhetorics, feminist rhetoric, migration studies, political science, and intercultural communication.
Verse or Adverse
Poetry has been around for nearly five millennia, yet never has it been more puzzling. Technology, social media, and the blinding pace of contemporary life leave many students and readers in the dark. Just in time, this book comes to the rescue not just with a response to the problem of understanding and enjoying poetry, but it offers a solution. A widely published writer and poet, the author takes the mystery and madness out of verse with specific strategies designed to tame the poetic wilderness-not by dumbing down the poems but by raising the ability of readers to absorb this gem of literary form. Readers of all abilities and sensibilities will profit from the book's ability to drill down to the bedrock of meaning. Valenti mines his decades of experience writing, publishing, and teaching poetry to provide innovative hints, tips, guidelines, and directives that will benefit anyone wishing to cultivate their enjoyment of literature's highest form of expression.
Multilingual Selves and Motivations for Learning Languages Other Than English in Asian Contexts
This edited volume focuses on the experiences of individuals learning languages other than English (LOTEs) in a range of Asian contexts that have traditionally been under-represented in the literature. Aligning with the 'multilingual turn' in SLA, it views learners as individuals of a multilingual society with unique, complex, heterogenous and dynamic identities. The chapters explore the learners' motivational trajectories, multilingual identities and their conceptualisations of the 'ideal multilingual self'. This volume enhances our critical understanding of language learning motivation through empirical findings and conceptual insights from studies of motivation in specific regions in Asia, including Greater China, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Pakistan and Syria. Providing insight into the multilingual identities of individuals learning LOTEs, it will appeal to students and scholars in second language acquisition, researchers in language learning motivation and policymakers in language education.
Multilingual Selves and Motivations for Learning Languages Other Than English in Asian Contexts
This edited volume focuses on the experiences of individuals learning languages other than English (LOTEs) in a range of Asian contexts that have traditionally been under-represented in the literature. Aligning with the 'multilingual turn' in SLA, it views learners as individuals of a multilingual society with unique, complex, heterogenous and dynamic identities. The chapters explore the learners' motivational trajectories, multilingual identities and their conceptualisations of the 'ideal multilingual self'. This volume enhances our critical understanding of language learning motivation through empirical findings and conceptual insights from studies of motivation in specific regions in Asia, including Greater China, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Pakistan and Syria. Providing insight into the multilingual identities of individuals learning LOTEs, it will appeal to students and scholars in second language acquisition, researchers in language learning motivation and policymakers in language education.
Going Tactile
In the 2010s, leaders of the DeafBlind community in Seattle called into question the community's dependence on sighted interpreters and sought new ways of communicating, interacting, and navigating through touch. This effort became the "protactile movement," and it spread quickly across the country. In Going Tactile, Anthropologist Terra Edwards draws on thirty months of ethnographic fieldwork with DeafBlind artists, intellectuals, political leaders, and community members, to show how autonomous spaces away from sighted norms were created and life was re-imagined. In doing so, she offers a new perspective on the nature of language, its limits, and what it means to find a new way of being in the world.
Building Knowledge
This book offers a collection of research contributions that delve into crucial aspects within two intricately connected realms of knowledge: Education and the Humanities. It explores pivotal topics, including tutoring across diverse educational levels, linguistic and communicative considerations from cultural, intercultural, historical, and gender perspectives - coupled with an examination of their intersection with technology. Additionally, the book provides a critical analysis of the artist's role, tracing its evolution from the historical avant-garde to contemporary times.
Conference Interpreting
Conference Interpreting brings together a comprehensive compilation of tried and tested practical exercises which hone the sub-skills that make up successful conference interpreting.
Cultural Memory Concerning Gender in the Postmodern Age
Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 2,0, University of Paderborn (Institut f羹r Anglistik und Amerikanistik), course: Postmodern Memory: History and Cultural Memory in the 21st Century, language: English, abstract: This paper analyzes Nikita Gill's poem "You Are a Daughter of the Sun" to explore how cultural memory in postmodern India influences gender policies, favouring women over men in that poem. The paper examines issues of empathy, cultural memory, gender, as well as the historical and current roles of women in India, concluding with the consequences of this ideological shift. As a first step, the concepts empathy, cultural memory and gender will be studied to gain a general understanding of these and have an adequate definition. Subsequently, the role of women in India then and now will be discussed in order to classify it for the analysis part, which completes the background/theory chapter. For the analysis, postmodern political developments concerning gender will be analysed with regard to science and emotions displayed in it. During the course of this paper, things such as self-esteem, autonomy and moral education will shape the discussion in context with how they are dealt with due to the cultural memory of excluding women.
The Rhetoric of Dystopia
The Rhetoric of Dystopia develops an idea of "emergent metalepsis" that describes the uncanny moments where fictive texts anticipate material events, blurring the boundary between the storyworld and the world of reception. Christopher Carter treats dystopia as rhetoric that shapes collective identities while speeding across platforms and geopolitical borders, at once critiquing and exemplifying the circulation of power relations through varied modes. This rhetoric features rampant viruses, authoritarian governments, corporate behemoths, corrupt educational and scientific institutions, and brutal policing, sometimes amplifying existing trends and sometimes merely documenting them. From Bong Joon-ho to Reed Morano, Octavia Butler to Richard McGuire, artists proffer arguments whose gravity we often fail to register, thus calling into question the uses of media literacy in an age of looming cataclysm. Carter situates this rhetoric within scholarship on literacy, built environments, border policies, global food production, and the Anthropocene.
Lost in Transition
"Lost in Transition" explores the potential challenges faced by isiXhosa-speaking children who enter educational environments with early English immersion. The book delves into the complexities of language acquisition, particularly when a child's primary language (isiXhosa) is not the dominant language of instruction (English). It examines how this immersion can impact a child's development of isiXhosa writing skills. "Lost in Transition" explores potential drawbacks like vocabulary gaps, interference from English grammar, and a disconnect between thought and expression in isiXhosa. The book doesn't shy away from the potential consequences, such as decreased confidence and stunted creativity in isiXhosa writing. However, it also offers solutions. Strategies for promoting strong isiXhosa literacy alongside English language learning are explored. "Lost in Transition" is a valuable resource for educators, parents, and anyone concerned with fostering balanced multilingual development in isiXhosa-speaking children
Indo-European Interfaces
Current scientific advances are reshaping our understanding of prehistory, offering unprecedented insights into the movements and kinship patterns of prehistoric populations. These new advances provide us with detailed information on several aspects of the early speakers of Indo-European and their lives. However, the prehistoric humans that we know through bones and potsherds were once real people speaking real languages and having specific beliefs, mythological tales and poetic expressions. With this book, we want to apply a multidisciplinary approach that combines historical linguistics, archaeology, and comparative religion in order to improve our understanding of the early speakers of Indo-European. The book is a collection of papers by specialists in historical linguistics, archaeology and comparative religion, each examining different facets of the early Indo-European speakers, including their language, culture, and religious practices.
The Cambridge Handbook of Bilingualism
The ability to speak two or more languages is a common human experience, whether for children born into bilingual families, young people enrolled in foreign language classes, or mature and older adults learning and using more than one language to meet life's needs and desires. This Handbook offers a developmentally oriented and socially contextualized survey of research into individual bilingualism, comprising the learning, use and, as the case may be, unlearning of two or more spoken and signed languages and language varieties. A wide range of topics is covered, from ideologies, policy, the law, and economics, to exposure and input, language education, measurement of bilingual abilities, attrition and forgetting, and giftedness in bilinguals. Also explored are cross- and intra-disciplinary connections with psychology, clinical linguistics, second language acquisition, education, cognitive science, neurolinguistics, contact linguistics, and sign language research.
The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics
The Germanic language family ranges from national languages with standardized varieties, including German, Dutch and Danish, to minority languages with relatively few speakers, such as Frisian, Yiddish and Pennsylvania German. Written by internationally renowned experts of Germanic linguistics, this Handbook provides a detailed overview and analysis of the structure of modern Germanic languages and dialects. Organized thematically, it addresses key topics in the phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics of standard and nonstandard varieties of Germanic languages from a comparative perspective. It also includes chapters on second language acquisition, heritage and minority languages, pidgins, and urban vernaculars. The first comprehensive survey of this vast topic, the Handbook is a vital resource for students and researchers investigating the Germanic family of languages and dialects.
The Cambridge Handbook of Spanish Linguistics
A state-of-the-art, in-depth survey of the topics, approaches and theories in Spanish linguistics today. The language is researched from a number of different perspectives. This Handbook surveys the major advances and findings, with a special focus on recent accomplishments in the field. It provides an accurate and complete overview of research, as well as facilitating future directions. It encourages the reader to make connections between chapters and units, and promotes cross-theoretical dialogue. The contributions are by a wide range of specialists, writing on topics including corpus linguistics, phonology and phonetics, morphosyntax, pragmatics, the role of the speaker and speech context, language acquisition and grammaticalization. This is a must-have volume for researchers looking to contextualize their own research and for students seeking a one-stop resource on Spanish linguistics.
The Cambridge Handbook of Translation
Translation plays a vital role in society - it allows us to share knowledge and enrich our lives through access to other cultures. Translation studies is a rapidly evolving academic discipline, directly impacted by advances in technological aids, and with close connections between theory and practice. Bringing together contributions from internationally-renowned scholars, this Handbook offers an authoritative, up-to-date account of the many facets of this buoyant discipline. It covers different themes, areas of practice and developing trends, and provides an overview of the major sub-fields, and the connections between them. It is organised into six parts covering the nature of translation, its roles in society, its relationships with other disciplines, a selection of its factual genres, a selection of its art-related genres and, finally, its role in history. Comprehensive yet accessible, it is essential reading for students, teachers and scholars of translation studies, modern languages, linguistics, social studies and literary studies.
The Cambridge Handbook of Task-Based Language Teaching
Task-based language teaching (TBLT) is an innovative approach to language teaching which emphasises the importance of engaging learners' natural abilities for acquiring language incidentally. The speed with which the field is expanding makes it difficult to keep up with recent developments, for novices and experienced researchers alike. This handbook meets that need, providing a comprehensive, up-to-date overview of the field, written by a stellar line-up of leading international experts. Chapters are divided into five thematic areas, and as well as covering theory, also contain case studies to show how TBLT can be implemented in practice, in a range of global contexts, as well as questions for discussion, and suggested further readings. Comprehensive in its coverage, and written in an accessible style, it will appeal to a wide readership, not only researchers and graduate students, but also classroom teachers working in a variety of educational and cultural contexts around the world.
The Cambridge Handbook of Discourse Studies
Discourse studies, the study of the ways in which language is used in texts and contexts, is a fast-moving and increasingly diverse field. With contributions from leading and upcoming scholars from across the world, and covering cutting-edge research, this Handbook offers an up-to-date survey of Discourse Studies. It is organized according to perspectives and areas of engagement, with each chapter providing an overview of the historical development of its topic, the main current issues, debates and synergies, and future directions. The Handbook presents new perspectives on well-established themes such as narrative, conversation-analytic and cognitive approaches to discourse, while also embracing a range of up-to-the-minute topics from post-humanism to digital surveillance, recent methodological orientations such as linguistic landscapes and multimodal discourse analysis, and new fields of engagement such as discourses on race, religion and money.
The Cambridge Handbook of Working Memory and Language
Bringing together cutting-edge research, this Handbook is the first comprehensive text to examine the pivotal role of working memory in first and second language acquisition, processing, impairments, and training. Authored by a stellar cast of distinguished scholars from around the world, the Handbook provides authoritative insights on work from diverse, multi-disciplinary perspectives, and introduces key models of working memory in relation to language. Following an introductory chapter by working memory pioneer Alan Baddeley, the collection is organized into thematic sections that discuss working memory in relation to: Theoretical models and measures; Linguistic theories and frameworks; First language processing; Bilingual acquisition and processing; and Language disorders, interventions, and instruction. The Handbook is sure to interest and benefit researchers, clinicians, speech therapists, and advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in linguistics, psychology, education, speech therapy, cognitive science, and neuroscience, or anyone seeking to learn more about language, cognition and the human mind.
The Cambridge Handbook of Language Standardization
Language standardization is the process by which conventional forms of a language are established and maintained. Bringing together internationally renowned experts, this Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of standardization, norms and standard languages. Chapters are grouped into five thematic areas: models and theories of standardization, questions of authority and legitimacy, literacy and education, borders and boundaries, and standardization in Late Modernity. Each chapter addresses a specific issue in detail, illustrating it with linguistic case studies and taking into account the particular political, social and cultural context. Showcasing cutting-edge research, it offers fresh perspectives that go beyond traditional accounts of the standardization of national European languages, and affords new insights into minoritized, indigenous and stateless languages. Surveying a wide range of languages and approaches, this Handbook is an essential resource for all those interested in language standards and standard languages.
The Cambridge Handbook of Corrective Feedback in Second Language Learning and Teaching
Corrective feedback is a vital pedagogical tool in language learning. This is the first volume to provide an in-depth analysis and discussion of the role of corrective feedback in second and foreign language learning and teaching. Written by leading scholars, it assembles cutting-edge research and state-of-the-art articles that address recent developments in core areas of corrective feedback including oral, written, computer-mediated, nonverbal, and peer feedback. The chapters are a combination of both theme-based and original empirical studies carried out in diverse second and foreign language contexts. Each chapter provides a concise review of its own topic, discusses theoretical and empirical issues not adequately addressed before, and identifies their implications for classroom instruction and future research. It will be an essential resource for all those interested in the role of corrective feedback in second and foreign language learning and how they can be used to enhance classroom teaching.
Applied Cognitive Ecostylistics
This book offers an up-to-date account of one of the most influential strands of eco-research: cognitive ecostylistics. The onset of the 1970s saw a global shift in scholarly perspective upon the relation between egocentric and ecocentric views of the world. The so-called eco-turn was not only linguistic at its roots, but engaged the bulk of academic thought in social sciences and humanities. Cognitive ecostylistics invites a multidisciplinary approach to the study of the conceptual relations between oral or written texts and their impact on the environment. This volume is a collection of the latest research that seeks to apply the theory and methodology developed over the last 40 years to both literary and real-life texts, engaging with a wealth of examples from First World War poetry and Anne of Green Gables through to Cond矇 Nast Traveller hotel descriptions. Exploring the cultural effects of the eco-turn, the collection engages the reader in the problem of the present-day Anthropocene, manifested as Ego-Eco tensions at the level of communicating self-needs and the needs of the Other. Divided into two parts, it considers first the human-angled semiotic interplay contained within the universe of people, before examining the problem of semiotic engagement of texts as extraneous to the human, highlighting crucial aspects of nature, culture, and beyond.
Introductory Hausa
Hausa is the first language of over twenty-five million ethnic Hausa people and an important trade language throughout West Africa. This title is an introduction to Hausa and was created to provide instruction to expatriates both in Nigeria and in the United States. Dialogues, conversations, and drills are among the tools used to teach pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary. Each lesson centers on a situation--such as a visit to the market, home, or doctor--typical of life in northern Nigeria and southern Niger in the early 1970s. Fireside tales and proverbs provide additional insights into the cultural world and social reality of the Hausa people. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1973.
