Viral Mutation and Pathogenesis
Viral Mutation and Pathogenesis: A Comprehensive Guide offers an in-depth exploration of viral mutations and their impact on pathology. Targeted at researchers, clinicians, and students, this book covers the basics of viral genetics, mechanisms of mutation, and their effects on disease outcomes. It includes case studies, detection techniques, and computational methods, emphasizing real-world applications in public health. Topics range from drug resistance and vaccine development to bioinformatics and predictive modeling. With contributions from experts, this guide aims to advance understanding of viral evolution and inform effective strategies for managing viral diseases.
Expression of miR-21-5p in miscarriage
Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) poses a major clinical challenge, with an etiology still largely unexplained. Our study focuses on the association between three NFκB1 gene polymorphisms and RSA in a case-control cohort from the Tunisian population. Results indicate a significant correlation, particularly for rs28362491, with notable differences in allelic and genotypic frequencies between groups. Haplotypic analysis highlights the involvement of certain haplotypes, in particular TAG and AGG, in ASR. However, the study of differential expression of hsa-miR-21-5p with NFκB1 and IL-6 by qPCR does not allow definitive conclusions to be drawn, due to sample limitations and the rarity of cases of women who have undergone four or more successive spontaneous abortions without having children. These results underline the importance of future research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of RSA and develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Environmental and Food Virology
This book will also address the recent developments for viral concentration and detection in environmental and food samples and the challenges for the control of environmental and food viruses to reduce microbiological risk for final consumers.
Plant-Animal Interactions
Interactions between animals and plants exist on a spectrum that ranges from completely antagonistic relationships to those of obligatory mutualism, as seen in the pollination of certain tropical orchid species. In fact, these relationships are highly conditional and can change radically depending on variations in environmental conditions such as temperature, rainfall, and fluctuations in the populations of other interacting species. This Special Issue, entitled "Plant-Animal Interactions: Exploring Costs and Benefits of Highly Conditional Relationships", focuses on mutualistic interactions between animals and plants. It aims to provide a better understanding of ecological relationships by highlighting both the benefits and costs involved.
Advances in COVID-19 Vaccines and Neutralizing Antibody
The rapid and unprecedented spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the resulting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused millions of deaths worldwide. Additioanlly, it has put pressure on healthcare systems everywhere. In order to control the spread of coronavirus disease, as many as 31 COVID-19 vaccines have been approved for emergency use to date, and over 10 billion doses have been administered globally. However, many new variants of SARS-CoV-2 have emerged since vaccine development, with high transmissibility and an ability to escape immune responses.An antibody immune response is important for the clearance of the virus and critical for the generation of memory response to prevent reinfection. SARS-CoV-2 generates a virus-specific IgM, and IgG and neutralizing IgG response in the days following infection. However, the IgG response wanes over time and, in some cases, leads to only partial protection. There is a need for further research in this field to understand the measure/degree of long-term protection conferred by the vaccine, vaccine-driven pathology and immune differences among patients. This necessitates the critical evaluation of vaccine efficiency to expedite vaccine research.
Insights in Oral Microbiota
Oral microbiota, one of the most diverse human microbiotas, has proved to be important for the maintenance of health and development of diseases. In this reprint, the oral microbiota and key oral microbes in different diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, respiratory diseases, oral cancer, cleft palate, and caries, were investigated and summarized. This highlights the importance of why we need to pay more attention to the insights in oral microbiota. Detection techniques, novel biomaterials, small molecules, and probiotics were also developed and discussed in this reprint in order to provide potential regulation and treatment strategies for different diseases related to oral microbiota.
COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment
The concurrent nature of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) means that a wider approach is needed to protect the health of our communities. The Special Issue "COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment", arising from the need for a new approach both in the clinical setting and in therapeutic regimens, collected 22 papers, sharing results to enlighten some aspects of the difficult story of COVID-19. Original research articles, reviews, and short reports on various aspects of COVID-19 have been collected, leading to an interdisciplinary consensus in a new perspective. The Special Issue has been viewed 75062 times (September 2024).
Next Generation Ehealth
Next Generation eHealth: Applied Data Science, Machine Learning and Extreme Computational Intelligence discusses the emergence, the impact, and the potential of sophisticated computational capabilities in healthcare. This book provides useful therapeutic targets to improve diagnosis, therapies, and prognosis of diseases, as well as helping with the establishment of better and more efficient next-generation medicine and medical systems. Machine learning as a field greatly contributes to next-generation medical research with the goal of improving medicine practices and medical Systems. As a contributing factor to better health outcomes, this book highlights the need for advanced training of professionals from various health areas, clinicians, educators, and social professionals who deal with patients. Content illustrates current issues and future promises as they pertain to all stakeholders, including informaticians, professionals in diagnostics, key industry experts in biotech, pharma, administrators, clinicians, patients, educators, students, health professionals, social scientists and legislators, health providers, advocacy groups, and more. With a focus on machine learning, deep learning, and neural networks, this volume communicates in an integrated, fresh, and novel way the impact of data science and computational intelligence to diverse audiences.
Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical and Modern Healthcare Informatics
Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical and Modern Healthcare Informatics provides a deeper understanding of the current trends in AI and machine learning within healthcare diagnosis, its practical approach in healthcare, and gives insight into different wearable sensors and its device module to help doctors and their patients in enhanced healthcare system. The primary goal of this book is to detect difficulties and their solutions to medical practitioners for the early detection and prediction of any disease. The 56 chapters in the volume provide beginners and experts in the medical science field with general pictures and detailed descriptions of imaging and signal processing principles and clinical applications. With forefront applications and up-to-date analytical methods, this book captures the interests of colleagues in the medical imaging research field and is a valuable resource for healthcare professionals who wish to understand the principles and applications of signal and image processing and its related technologies in healthcare.
Ink & DNA
"Ink & DNA: A Literary Journey with Biotechnology" bridges the worlds of science and storytelling, offering an insightful exploration of biotechnology's most transformative innovations. Covering topics such as CRISPR technology, synthetic biology, gene-silencing drugs, and personalized medicine, the book explores how these breakthroughs are reshaping medicine, agriculture, and ethics. It also dives into emerging fields like bioelectronics and regenerative medicine, presenting the future of science in an accessible and engaging way. Perfect for both enthusiasts and general readers, "Ink & DNA: A Literary Journey with Biotechnology" illuminates the fascinating journey of modern biotechnology.
Natural Products
For centuries, man has used plants to get rid of diseases. The natural products described are secondary metabolites from various plant species, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, lignoids, among others. This study therefore describes the identification and use of natural products that are currently being studied for the treatment of leishmaniasis. The research was based on a literature review (bibliographic research) of scientific articles, in which substances extracted from the world's flora, and especially from Brazilian flora, have been showing significantly positive results for alternative treatments acting against Leishmania. Thus, studies are constantly evolving to find new mechanisms and alternatives for the use of natural products with less cytotoxic effects than those currently used.
EARTH LOBRIZE Common Annelid
The adaptability of the common earthworm from the Sector La Guamita, Cojedes state, Venezuela, used in confinement, using cow manure, chicken manure and sow manure substrates. The chemical and mechanical composition of the humus was analyzed, as well as the phytosanitary evaluation. The native earthworm was identified as Lumbricus terrestris L. for its morphological and behavioral characteristics. The conditions of temperature, humidity, feeding and density of individuals used, allowed the adaptation of the annelids to the confinement, with a good growth and development of these. A reproduction rate within the range of the species was obtained, an equitable distribution of individuals by stages and no mortality was observed in the treatments evaluated. The contents of P, K, Ca, organic matter and electrical conductivity of the humus obtained showed acceptable values, whose variation depends on the physical-chemical characteristics of the substrates. No nematodes or insect pests were detected in the humus obtained. Humus production using native earthworms proved to be feasible with a high positive environmental impact.
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Studies of Dracaena Reflexa Lam.
The objective of the cent study was to evaluate the complete plant of the Asparagaceae family (Dracaena Reflexa Lam.) pharmacologically, phytochemically, and pharmacognostical. It was evident from the literature review that the plant medication has historically been associated with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-tumor effects. Dracaena reflexa leaves were subjected to organoleptic, microscopic, and proximate analyses to determine the moisture content, ash values, extractive values, and crude fiber as part of a pharmacognostical inquiry. According to the results, the moisture content was determined to be 6% for each. The ash value was discovered to be 7.5%. 25% was found to be the extractive value. 2.46% of the crude fiber was discovered. Next, in the early qualitative phytochemical screening, compounds such as carbs, terpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, steroids, and tannins are identified.
A manual of advanced practical zoology
The Practical Manual adheres to the scope and sequence of most one major course nationwide. Also strive to make cell biology, as a discipline, interesting and accessible to students. In addition to a comprehensive coverage of core concepts and foundational research, incorporated features that draw learners into the discipline in meaningful ways. This practical manual provides a fundamental concept of cell biology with a scope that is manageable for instructors and students alike with this; it is my pleasure to write a brief foreword to this wonderful preparatory manual on "A MANUAL OF ADVANCED PRACTICAL ZOOLOGY (CYTOLOGY, GENETICS & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY) (LAB COURSE-II)".
Ferredoxin and Ferritin
Iron regulation is vital to living organisms, with distinct mechanisms in bacteria and humans. Bacteria use ferredoxin for metabolic processes, while ferritin and transferrin manage iron storage and transport in humans. Pathologies linked to ferritin abnormalities underline the importance of balanced iron regulation. A better understanding of these mechanisms could improve treatments and inspire new therapies.
Proteomics in Schistosomiasis
Proteomics, which is the study of the entire complement of proteins expressed by a cell, tissue or organism, has significant applications in the field of schistosomiasis research. Schistosomiasis is transmitted through contact with freshwater contaminated with the larvae (cercariae) of Schistosoma parasites. Chronic infections can lead to severe complications such as liver fibrosis, bladder dysfunction and an increased risk of developing hepatosplenic schistosomiasis or urogenital schistosomiasis. Schistosomiasis remains a major public health concern, necessitating innovative approaches for diagnosis, treatment, and control. Proteomic techniques have emerged as valuable tools for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying schistosome biology and host-parasite interactions. This report provides a comprehensive overview of proteomic applications in schistosomiasis research, including proteome profiling, host-parasite interactions, post-translational modification and vaccine discovery.
Nitrates and Nitrites
Nitrates and nitrites are chemical compounds often used in food preservation, particularly in processed meats such as sausages and bacon. They help prevent the growth of bacteria, including Clostridium botulinum, a dangerous microbe that can cause severe food poisoning. Nitrites react with myoglobin, a protein found in muscles, to give processed meats their attractive pink color. However, when consumed in excess, nitrites can turn into potentially harmful substances. It is therefore crucial to regulate their use to protect health while maintaining food quality.
Cataracts and Iron Accumulation
This book explores the link between iron accumulation and cataract formation, providing a detailed look at this complex relationship. It begins by introducing the subject, explaining the importance of understanding how iron can affect eye health. The different types of cataracts and their symptoms are discussed, as well as the treatments available. The book then examines the role of iron in the body, diseases linked to insufficient or excessive iron levels, and the effects of iron accumulation on cataract formation. Genetic disorders, such as hemochromatosis and Wilson's syndrome, are also discussed to show how they can influence cataract formation. Advanced iron detection methods, such as XANES and EXAFS spectroscopy techniques, are described to illustrate how they enable ocular tissues to be studied. Finally, the book presents options for reducing iron accumulation and future prospects for improving the understanding and management of cataracts.
Insights into floral nectories of the Angiosperms
Floral nectar is widely known as the key reward offered by animal-pollinated plants to their pollen vectors. This exudate is secreted by nectaries, i.e. glandular tissues located on various floral parts whose features are significant in plant taxonomy and phylogeny. Nectar is secreted with particular rhythms, throughout the lifespan of a flower, which allow the nectar production dynamics of a species to be determined. Knowledge of nectar production dynamics is fundamental to the understanding of the plant-animal relationship; aspects such as the plant's strategy of offering nectar, the activity patterns, frequency and diversity of pollinators of a plant species, the rates of nectar consumption by animals, among others, could not be understood without it. Nectar production may show diverse patterns according to the different guilds of pollinators that visit the flowers leading to the assumption that there are coevolutionary relationships between nectar traits and pollinator type.
FAT AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF MILK (Processing and quality)
Milk is much more than just a drink; it's an essential source of nutrients, providing proteins and fats vital for a balanced diet. Milk fats, made up mainly of triglycerides, give milk its creamy texture and taste, as well as providing energy. Milk proteins, such as casein and whey, are crucial for growth, development and muscular and immune health. The processing of these components is complex, involving both traditional and modern techniques to produce a variety of dairy products, while retaining their nutritional properties. In Algeria, traditional dairy products such as Lben, Raib, Zebda, Dhan, Smen and Jben play a major role, especially in rural areas, and are often sold through informal channels.This book explores in depth milk fats and proteins, their characteristics and functions, and the challenges of processing them, blending science and tradition, technological innovation and culinary passion. It is aimed at dairy industry professionals, enthusiasts and all those curious to learn more about milk and its essential components.
Advances in Chromatographic Analysis of Bioactive Compounds
Chromatographic analyses are traditional analytic techniques that can be implemented for the analysis of various complex samples. They include gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, ultra-performance liquid chromatography, ion chromatography, etc. Due to the combination of separation and detection abilities, chromatographic analysis has unique advantages in the analysis of complex samples such as natural products extracts, foods, body fluids, etc. With the appearance of novel detectors and sampling preparation methods, more hyphenated techniques have been developed based on chromatographic techniques while maintaining the importance of chromatographic techniques and related instruments. This Special Issue, "Advances in Chromatographic Analysis of Bioactive Compounds", reports recent findings related to the chromatographic analysis of active and bioactive compounds in various types of samples. It consists of thirteen peer-reviewed papers that cover a range of subjects and applications related to chromatographic analyses for samples and related analyses.
Sustainable Utilization of Humic Substances and Organic Waste in Green Agriculture
Organic waste (OW), continuously created by agriculture, livestock farming, forestry and cities, is biodegradable matter, a plant nutrient source functioning-after processing-as effective fertilizer replacement. Humic substances (HS), produced via physical, chemical and microbial processes during early diagenesis in the decay of biomass, are redox-active, refractory, dark-colored mixtures of heterogeneous organic compounds and represent an important source of organic carbon and nitrogen in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. HS and processed OW have a beneficial effect on agricultural soil properties, pollutant sequestration, nutrient immobilization and transport. They also affect plant metabolism, thus greatly influencing water quality and green agriculture. OW management conserves energy and resources and contributes to a circular economy. This Special Issue is focused on novel approaches to a range of hot topics including among others: Green production processes, properties and uses of HS and OW; HS interactions/complexation with compounds promoting sustainable agriculture; Impact of HS, HS-contained materials and organic waste on the environment (soil, plants and living organisms, domestic animals and cattle included); OW from industrial processes, e.g., molasses, cheese whey, slaughterhouse, leather; Physical, chemical, biological OW treatments and recycling, e.g., retention, adsorption, composting, decomposer microorganisms, supporting green agriculture; Management of the pollutants that accompany OW, e.g., chemicals, pharmaceuticals, drugs, dyes, pesticides, food additives.
Advanced Manufacturing Processes
The aim of this Special Issue is to illustrate the state of the art of advanced manufacturing processes, giving a unique relevance to recent developments achieved in this field, which may provide innovative engineering solutions to the industry. It encompasses 11 original research papers, each addressing different areas of manufacturing technology. Specifically, four papers address material welding and joining, five papers are focused on subtractive manufacturing (machining/cutting processes), one paper addresses material forming, and one paper focuses on dimensional control in assembly. Different research topics and different methodological approaches have been studied or followed among the works published in this Special Issue, highlighting its multidisciplinary nature. The publications in this Special Issue come from various research groups spread widely across the world. The level of expertise among the researchers who have contributed to this Special Issue is outstanding, constituting the excellence of this compilation of scientific articles for the manufacturing sector.
Active Biomedical Materials and Their Applications
This Reprint aims to provide the latest information on the synthesis and physicochemical and biological properties of different active biomedical materials, namely ceramics, polymers, nanoparticles, and composites, and their applications. They are designed to heal and restore the functions of people recovering after diseases or injuries. They repair or replace a specific biological function of dysfunctional tissues. Experts from different research fields share their ideas and report findings in this Reprint. The articles included in this Reprint report new data and contribute to recent developments in biomedical materials. Hopefully, these contributions will benefit readers and encourage further research in biomedical materials
Advancement in Propagation, Breeding, Cultivation and Marketing of Ornamentals
The availability of new products has always been the driving force of the ornamental sector. Nevertheless, the sector is currently facing important challenges related to reducing production costs in order to cope with new climatic and phytopathological adversities, as well as to respond to sustainable production not only from an economic point of view but also from an environmental and social point of view. Moreover, new uses and new needs of end-consumers have led us to consider that it is important to envisage new organizational systems and new forms of propositions in the market. This Special Issue wants to take a holistic approach to the ornamental industry and includes studies and research covering several aspects of the ornamental productive flow from breeding to market. The latest breeding technologies and the new production systems of propagation and cultivation, as well as the most recent surveys on understanding trends of consumers of the ornamentals sector, will be presented.
Addiction and Hallucinogens
The worldwide use of psychoactive substances remains a major public health problem. It has spread in an unusual way in recent times. The methodology of this book was based on taking information from its source, where a sample of consumers of psychoactive substances (hallucinogens). The patient profile is characterized by their young age (48%), young adults [21-25 years], male predominance (82%), versus (18%) females. Pregabalin(R) was the most commonly used substance (59%), followed by Tramadol(R) (18%). The distribution of patients according to daily dose shows a high rate of 2 doses per day (35%), with an age of consumption of more than 5 years, central nervous system disorders (33%) and other disorders. Management is marked by the presence of a relatively good treatment protocol in the department, despite the absence of excellent conditions for treatment, and drug testing.
Identification of phenotypic and molecular markers for obesity
In clinical practice, the distinction between genetic and dietary obesity is often not clear-cut, probably due to the lack of an accessible, low-cost genetic test. Due to the complexity and severity of obesity, it is necessary to know the aetiological factors in order to direct patients towards appropriate treatment. With this in mind, the aim of this study was to identify phenotypic and molecular markers for obesity and assess the feasibility of using them in the multiprofessional monitoring of obese patients.
Biblical Biology
How can one view the world biologically but also biblically?The walls people build around their lives protect them--but also limit them.People build many intellectual, emotional, and spiritual walls around themselves, those they love, and their community. Often, these walls safeguard them and help them understand their life and purpose. Yet sometimes, these walls impede people from fully experiencing life as God wants them to.Which self-built walls are helping these people? Which walls are holding them back?In his second book, Biblical Biology, Dr. Woodard invites individuals to explore big ideas around biology and faith to see whether any of these ideas hit up against their walls. If they do, that's okay. Believers are encouraged to see whether there might be something on the other side that opens up a new way to think, feel, or connect with God.
The Story of Germ Life
The Story of Germ Life, a classical book, has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
The San Joaquin Kit Fox
The San Joaquin Kit Fox introduces readers to a small wild canid that occupies a prominent position in ongoing conservation battles. Native to central California, where land is in high demand for development purposes, the San Joaquin kit fox population has been significantly impacted by profound habitat loss. The species remains on the original US endangered species list issued in 1966, with dim prospects for recovery.To guide the work of researchers and conservationists, Brian L. Cypher synthesizes the biological and ecological data collected to date on this species and documents both historical and contemporary efforts to protect it. He details the species' evolutionary and taxonomic history, distribution and habitat preferences, mortality sources, and more. In doing so, he draws out the ever-changing relationship between San Joaquin kit foxes, people, and land use. Richly illustrated and accessible, The San Joaquin Kit Fox is a necessary reference for students, researchers, and conservationists looking to better understand this charismatic creature and others like it in order to better secure the futures of these species.
Environmental Exposure, Biomonitoring and Exposure Assessment
Environmental exposure plays an important role in the development of diseases. However, individuals are exposed to complex mixtures of substances (e.g., chemicals, pollution, and diet) that change throughout a person's life. Therefore, measuring these different types of exposure and investigating their association with disease is complicated, though necessary, as it forms the basis of individual risk assessment of a variety of types of environmental exposure. Biomonitoring, which is the quantitative measurement of environmental chemicals/pollutants in the human body, is used to evaluate an individual's exposure. The appropriate utilization of biomonitoring provides information on occupational as well as non-occupational exposures. When the chemicals of interest are unknown, untargeted approaches, such as metabolomics, are used to generate semiquantitative measurements of internal exposure. These are complemented by environmental monitoring-performing external exposure measurements from lifestyle and unavoidable exposure which are mapped and quantified by wearable sensors and environmental samples. These techniques help identify unintentional and unexpected forms of exposure, which are difficult to establish using more conventional techniques such as exposure questionnaires. Once obtained, exposure data are compared to animal/human data to determine an individual's risk of disease and are used to evaluate the effectiveness of policy actions and detect emerging contaminants. This Special Issue contains research at the intersection of environmental exposure, biomonitoring, and the assessment of health risks.
Bioactive Compounds from Fruit and Vegetable Waste
This special issue focuses on the effective recovery and utilization of bioactive compounds from fruit and vegetable wastes, not only to reduce the environmental footprint, but also to add economic value to agro-industrial wastes. This approach is also in line with global sustainability goals aimed at reducing food waste and improving the overall health profile of food products. Fruit and vegetable waste is a critical problem worldwide that can come from wasting inedible parts or even from poor food handling or preservation. Fruit and vegetable by-products are rich in bioactive compounds and can be used as novel ingredients or food fortificants. An optimal extraction of these health-promoting compounds will allow efficient use of these compounds, just as we can reduce the amount of fruit and vegetable waste. Moreover, these by-products can have numerous potential applications in different fields, favouring a circular economy. In this way, we can develop more sustainable agricultural systems and improve food security and nutrition. As a result, this special issue is a contribution to eco-sustainable practices in the agri-food industry and innovation in by-product utilization. The ability to transform waste into valuable supplements and ingredients is an important step forward in our quest for a more resource-efficient and sustainable world.
Research on Extraction Technologies, Analysis Methods and Functional Evaluation of Food Active Components
The aim of this reprint is to acquaint the reader with the latest technologies and methods employed in the extraction of active ingredients in food and the analysis of bioactive ingredients. Due to the emergent interest in food nutrition and health, promoted by the aim of providing the public with a rational diet, we aim to reveal the potential use of bioactive ingredients such as peptides, polyphenols, polysaccharides in the maintainence of human health, the regulation of functional status, and the prevention of diseases. In this reprint, experts in the field share their new insights, research results, and future perspectives regarding the extraction, screening, evaluation, and application of targeted bioactive substances. We are on a journey to explore and exploit the positive effects of these substances on human health, to find a balance between eating well and eating healthy, and to promote the development and use of healthy foods.
Optimal Water Management and Sustainability in Irrigated Agriculture
As the global demand for food continues to rise, it is crucial to ensure that our agricultural practices are sustainable and efficient, especially when it comes to water management in irrigated agriculture. The sustainability of irrigated agriculture requires the efficient management of the available but limited water resources under the existing constraints. Water demand in irrigation is expected to increase in the near future, and it will be seriously impacted by climate change, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. The irrigation water-use efficiency is key to addressing water shortages and reducing environmental problems. In this context, robust and optimal approaches are used to improve irrigation water efficiency, energy use, and crop productivity, and to mitigate economic losses from water scarcity. The SI brings together 14 research papers addressing various water management aspects in irrigated agriculture. The Issue covers a range of topics such as (a) sustainable practices and crop sequencing, (b) irrigation scheduling and deficit water irrigation, (c) the hydrochemical assessment of water, (d) fertigation and irrigation, and (e) forecasting techniques of reference evapotranspiration.
Brassinosteroid
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant steroid hormones, which play essential roles in plant growth and development and also confer tolerance to a wide range of abiotic stresses. Considering the growing importance of the role BRs in stress responses and protective role against toxicity of heavy metals in plants, we undertook a study to analyse of the ten genes associated with arsenic accumulation and transportation [OsHACs (OsHAC1;1 and OsHAC1;2), OsPht1, Lsi1, Lsi2, OsGrxs (OsGrx_C7 and OsGrx_C2.1), OsCLT1, OsNRAMP1 and OsABCC1] in 24-epibrassinosteroid (EBR), a BR, treated rice plants (Rajendra Kasturi) grown in naturally arsenic contaminated soil. Expression profiling of genes involved in arsenic uptake and its translocation were performed using qRT-PCR analysis. The identification and characterization of BR responsive genes involved in arsenic accumulation and transportation of arsenic in rice plant, open doors for further analysis of these genes as targets for reducing arsenic absorption in rice.
When Bioinorganics Demystifies Alzheimer's
This book explores Alzheimer's disease through the prism of bioinorganic chemistry, examining its history, global impact and current challenges. It details the biology of amyloid plaques and tau neurofibrils, as well as the role of metals such as copper in neurodegenerative processes. The focus is on copper, discussing its involvement in amyloid plaques, its disrupted homeostasis and its effects on neurons. The book offers an analysis of metal deposits in the brain using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). In conclusion, it summarizes current knowledge, the implications for research and treatment, and suggests avenues for future research. Although I am an expert in XAS, my involvement is limited as I am not involved in research using synchrotron radiation or particle gas pedals, which restricts my role in these new directions.
Biota characterization and environmental management plan for the Chico River
In the Chichico River micro-watershed, located in the Tarqui parish of the city of Puyo, various human activities such as agriculture, cattle ranching and settlements have generated negative environmental impacts. These include the alteration of water quality, loss of aquatic biodiversity, and health risks for those who use it. To address these problems, macroinvertebrate sampling and physicochemical water analysis were conducted. Parameter values such as BOD and DO were found to be outside the norm, affecting the survival of macroinvertebrates and the suitability of the water for human consumption. An Environmental Management Plan with 6 programs is proposed to mitigate these impacts.
The Biology and Beyond of Love
The Biology and Beyond of Love" by Akshya Kumar Mishra offers an in-depth exploration of love through various lenses, including evolutionary biology, neurobiology, genetics, psychology, and culture. The book examines how love evolves, its biological and psychological foundations, and its impact on health and social relationships. It discusses the intersection of love with sexuality, the influence of cultural practices like the Kamasutra, and advances in research methodologies and biomedical technologies. Ethical considerations and future directions in love research are also addressed, highlighting the roles of neurotransmitters, pheromones, and genetic factors. The work provides a comprehensive view of love, integrating scientific and cultural perspectives to enhance our understanding of this complex emotion.
Environmental characterisation of the springs
This book was motivated by the large increase in population, linked to the accelerated and unplanned process of urbanisation, causing great pressure on natural resources in Chapada dos Guimar瓊es. Its object area is the micro-basin of the Quineira stream. Based on the hypothesis that by identifying its springs, characterising them and diagnosing vegetation cover, erosion processes, housing forms and occurrences, and the quality of surface water resources, it will be possible to propose actions that will enable environmental preservation, minimising the effects of degradation and even enabling the recovery of degraded areas. Water is the source of life, all living beings depend on it to live. However, as important as it is, water bodies and springs are being destroyed.
Factories that Build Factories
Evolutionists acknowledge that without a self-replicating entity, the Darwinian process has nothing to work with. So how could mindless chemicals have built the first self-replicating entity to kickstart Darwinian evolution? As design theorist Eric Anderson explains, evolutionists suggest that something simple-like a self-replicating molecule-kickstarted the origin of life on Earth. But is that idea realistic? As it turns out, engineers are trying to build a self-replicating machine, and while they are nowhere close to succeeding, their efforts reveal that even the simplest self-replicating system must be unimaginably sophisticated. Mindless processes aren't up to the task. What's required is a most intelligent designer.
The Origin of Life and the Information Problem
The realization in the twentieth century that even the simplest cells are packed with software tells us something profound about the origin of life. Design theorist and computer programmer Eric Anderson relates the exciting history of the discovery of DNA and shows how the dance of this digital information in each of our cells points insistently away from blind evolution.
Evolution's Irreducible Complexity Problem
Join professor of biology Robert Waltzer as he shows how some evolutionists play a bait-and-switch game. They give examples of microevolution, such as changes in the average beak size of Galapagos finches, and then act as if this proves macroevolution-that is, the evolution of entirely new body plans in the history of life. Not so fast, Waltzer says. An insurmountable obstacle stands in the way of large-scale evolutionary change: irreducible complexity. What's more, your own body is actually an irreducibly complex system of irreducibly complex systems, pointing strongly to intelligent design.
Biological control of leaf-cutting ants
Leaf-cutting ants of the genera Atta and Acromyrmex are considered important pests in the Neotropics. Currently, the main control method employed is the use of chemical insecticides. However, there is growing concern about the negative effects of frequent insecticide applications on non-target organisms, human health and the environment. Entomopathogenic fungi can naturally infect host insects via direct penetration of the cuticle and have been studied worldwide as promising biological control agents.
Human Longevity
The significant and continuous growth of the elderly population has been one of the most disturbing phenomena in contemporary society. The World Health Organization has highlighted its magnitude and impact on individuals and health systems. However, it is known that ageing is a natural process, characterized by complex and integrated morphofunctional events. Gerontology has sought to understand not only the relationship between the onset of disease and age, but also the absence of disease in longevity, and the different responses of individuals to the process are quite intriguing. This book presents mechanisms that seek to elucidate the aging process through possible biomarkers. It also points out biopolymers with therapeutic potential for promoting healthy ageing.
Studies on seed-borne microflora of rice in konkan region
Microorganisms play an important role in affecting the seeds, of which fungi are the largest group. These pathogens are disastrous as they reduce the seed quality, germination and seedling vigor which reduces the optimum plant population in the field. Survey conducted in Konkan region revealed that the rice variety Ratnagiri-2 exhibited maximum seed discoloration (18%) while minimum seed discoloration (3%) was recorded in Ratnagiri-24, Karjat-4 and Sahyadri-3. In blotter test, association of seed borne fungi and the germination of different rice varieties revealed that, Karjat-4 and Panvel-3 recorded the association 20 per cent and 35.50 per cent respectively. In respects of germination, variety Karjat-4 recorded 98.50 per cent germination while the variety Panvel-3 recorded 60 per cent seed germination with maximum seed germination loss of 40 per cent. On Agar plate method, Ratnagiri-1 and Ratnagiri-73 showed maximum occurrence of seed-borne fungi (25%) and (27%) respectively. Nine fungal species viz., Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium semitectum, Fusarium fusarioides, Curvularia lunata, Curvularia pallescens, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhizopous stolonifer.
Protein Oxidation Biomarkers in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was originally defined as an innate inability to create normal, biologically determined, emotional contact with others. ASD affects 0.6 to 1% of the population worldwide with prevalence among males five times greater than that among females. Its onset occurs at an early age and the symptoms and associated functional impairments persist throughout life.The typical symptoms begin to be noted in the first three years of life and affect the child's development. Up to the present time, there are no specific tests that would allow the diagnosis to be laboratory based. Although the pathogenesis of ASD is not yet fully known, it is clear that the disease is caused by an interaction of several genes and environmental risk factors. Genetics seems to play a primary role in ASD development. Among several hypotheses, oxidative stress is considered to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of ASD as a result of the cumulative influence of toxic environmental insults, which can promote neuronal damage in genetically predisposed individuals.
Energy Metabolism-Related Genes in Obesity
Obesity is a global epidemic that affects individuals of all ages, races, and socioeconomic statuses. It is defined as having a BMI of 30 or higher. Over the past 20 years, the prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically worldwide.Obesity is characterized by a disrupted regulation of energy balance, which leads to excessive body fat accumu-lation. It has a devastating effect on human health as it increases the risk of chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, kidney diseases, heart disease, stroke, and some types of cancer. These conditions not only deteriorate the quality of life but also create a huge economic and clinical burden.The modern sedentary lifestyle and overeating are hy-pothesized to be major causes of obesity and its associated co-morbidities. However, the genetic factors also play a key role in the imbalanced energy metabolism in obesity .Obesity has been associated with genes involved in energy metabolism, which regulate energy balance, appetite, and fat storage.Therefore, understanding the genetic factors that influence energy metabolism may help in the prevention of obesity by providing effective control mechanisms.
