Biochemical and Thermochemical Conversion Processes of Lignicellulosic Biomass Fractionated Streams
Moving towards a sustainable and green economy requires the use of renewable resources for the production of fuels, chemicals, and materials. In such a scenario, the use of lignocellulosic biomass and waste streams plays an important role, as it consists of abundant renewable resources. The complex nature of lignocellulosic biomass dictates the use of a pretreatment process prior to any further processing. Traditional methods of biomass pretreatment fail to recover cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in clean streams. It has been recognized that the efficient use of all the main fractions of lignocellulosic biomass (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) is an important step towards a financially sustainable biomass biorefinery. In this context, switching from biomass pretreatment to biomass fractionation can offer a sustainable solution to recover relatively clean streams of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. This Special issue aims at exploring the most advanced solutions in biomass and waste pretreatment and fractionation techniques, together with novel (thermo)chemical and biochemical processes for the conversion of fractionated cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin to bioenergy, bio-based chemicals, and biomaterials, including the application of such products (i.e., use of biochar for filtration and metallurgical processes), as well as recent developments in kinetic, thermodynamic, and numeric modeling of conversion processes. The scope of this Special Issue will also cover progress in advanced measuring methods and techniques used in the characterization of biomass, waste, and products.
Emerging Technologies for the Energy Systems of the Future
Energy systems are transiting from conventional energy systems to modernized and smart energy systems. This Special Issue covers new advances in the emerging technologies for modern energy systems from both technical and management perspectives. In modern energy systems, an integrated and systematic view of different energy systems, from local energy systems and islands to national and multi-national energy hubs, is important. From the customer perspective, a modern energy system is required to have more intelligent appliances and smart customer services. In addition, customers require the provision of more useful information and control options. Another challenge for the energy systems of the future is the increased penetration of renewable energy sources. Hence, new operation and planning tools are required for hosting renewable energy sources as much as possible.
Radiation Sensing
Radiation detection is important in many fields, and it poses significant challenges for instrument designers. Radiation detection instruments, particularly for nuclear decommissioning and security applications, are required to operate in unknown environments and should detect and characterise radiation fields in real time. This book covers both theory and practice, and it solicits recent advances in radiation detection, with a particular focus on radiation detection instrument design, real-time data processing, radiation simulation and experimental work, robot design, control systems, task planning and radiation shielding.
Grenfell and Construction Industry Reform
This book sets out the urgent changes to practices and behaviours required to build a new building safety regime in the UK and prevent a similar tragedy to the fire at Grenfell Tower from reoccurring.
High Voltage Insulating Materials-Current State and Prospect
Studies on new solutions in the field of high-voltage insulating materials are presented in this book. Most of these works concern liquid insulation, especially biodegradable ester fluids; however, in a few cases, gaseous and solid insulation are also considered. Both fundamental research as well as research related to industrial applications are described. In addition, experimental techniques aimed at possibly finding new ways of analysing the experimental data are proposed to test dielectrics.
Technology of Welding and Joining
In this book, you will find information on new materials and new welding technologies. Problems related to the welding of difficult-to-weld materials are considered and solved. The latest welding technologies and processes are presented. This book provides an opportunity to learn about the latest trends and developments in the welding industry. Enjoy reading.
Electromembrane Processes
Electromembrane processes offer a multitude of applications, allowing for the recovery of water, other products, and energy. This book is a collection of contributions on recent advancements in electromembrane processes attained via experiments and/or models. The first paper is a comprehensive review article on the applications of electrodialysis for wastewater treatment, highlighting current status, technical challenges, and key points for future perspectives. The second paper focuses on ZSM-5 zeolite/PVA mixed matrix CEMs with high monovalent permselectivity for recovering either acid or Li+. The third paper regards direct numerical simulations of electroconvection in an electrodialysis dilute channel with forced flow under potentiodynamic and galvanodynamic regimes. The fourth paper investigates the reasons for the formation and properties of soliton-like charge waves in overlimiting conditions. The fifth paper focuses on the characterization of AEMs functionalized by surface modification via poly(acrylic) acid yielding monovalent permselectivity for reverse electrodialysis. In the sixth paper, CFD simulations of reverse electrodialysis systems are performed. The seventh paper proposes an integrated membrane process, including electrochemical intercalation-deintercalation, for the preparation of Li2CO3 from brine with a high Mg2+/Li+ mass ratio. Finally, the eighth paper is a perspective article devoted to the acid-base flow battery with monopolar and bipolar membranes.
A Frayed New World
The term 'science fiction' conjures an image of aliens, laser guns, and dystopia-a medley of wild, improbable scenarios and possibilities. As a literary genre, we can like it or hate it, but we can't ignore the impact it has on our world, from influencing innovations to shaping public policy. While it may be easy to dismiss sci-fi as fantasy or imagination, it isn't as easy to disregard the questions it raises around ethics and the societal impact of science. We can't chase the futuristic ideas sci-fi introduces and disregard the warnings it delivers. To illustrate, tech giants today are committing billions of dollars to 'Metaverse', touting it as the next big thing. The idea was originally conceptualized in science fiction books-interestingly these presented a world where people are infatuated with virtual avatars, global tech corporations wield more power than governments and the quality of physical life has deteriorated. As we enter a phase where science of today is rapidly catching up with science fiction of yesterday, can we afford a que sera sera approach to our future? 'A Frayed New World' dives into some leading works of science fiction to highlight the importance of greater questioning and making deliberate, ethical choices as we design our future with science and technology.
Selection of Poultry Genotypes in Humid Tropics for Meat Quality Traits, Challenges and Opportunities Ahead
Seminar paper from the year 2018 in the subject Agrarian Studies, grade: 1, Hawassa University, course: Animal Breeding, language: English, abstract: The objective of this paper is to review selection of poultry genotypes in humid tropics for meat quality traits, the challenges, and opportunities including selection of poultry genotypes, breeds of broilers kept by the farmers, selection criteria, and trait preference for meat quality in humid tropics. The indigenous village chicken is the most prominent class of livestock in the country and constitutes about 60-80% of the total poultry population, their productivity levels are low because of low genetic potential and poor nutrition. To overcome the problem of low productivity in local chickens, high-yielding exotic breeds have been introduced through cockerel exchange program by the government. This intervention is bedeviled with many challenges; prominent among them is the birds' inability to adapt to the humid and hot environment, resulting in reduced feed intake and retarded growth. A number of major heat-tolerant genes or gene complexes like naked-neck, ptylopody, polydactyly and frizzle have been identified in the genome of Ghanaian local chicken populations. These unique genes have been reported to ameliorate tropical heat stress and enhance the performance of chickens under hot and humid environments. The existence of the naked-neck gene results in 20-30% less feather coverage overall, with the lower neck of the bird appearing almost naked while the frizzle gene but is reported to reduce the insulating properties of the feather cover (reduce featherweight) and make it easier for the bird to radiate heat from the body.
Sustainable Geotechnics
Today, modern Geotechnical Engineers, who in the past would have considered the phenomena occurring in the (primarily soil) environment, are faced with developments in environmental sciences that are becoming increasingly more detailed and sophisticated, with the natural phenomena and processes surrounding the civil engineering infrastructure being modeled, designed, monitored, and assessed in a more holistic way. This book brings together the state of the art in geotechnics with a focus on sustainable design, resilience, construction, and monitoring of the performance of geotechnical assets from ground investigations, through foundation and drainage design to soil stabilization and reinforcement. Engineers and scientists working in the fields of green infrastructure, nature-based solutions, sustainable drainage, eco-engineering, hydro-geology, landscape planning, plant science, environmental biology or bio-chemistry, earth sciences, GIS, and remote sensing are represented here by articles that show significant geotechnical components or applications. Case studies showcasing the application of the sustainable development principles (e.g., reuse, recycle, reduce; stakeholder engagement; public health; UN Global Sustainability Goals) in Geotechnics are also included in this book.
The coffee production and marketing in Ethiopia. An analysis of challenges and opportunities
Master's Thesis from the year 2014 in the subject Agrarian Studies, grade: 5 (Excellent), Szent Istv獺n University (Institute of Regional Economics and Rural Development), course: Rural Development and Agribusiness, language: English, abstract: The general objective of this paper is to analyze the trends of coffee sector in Ethiopia in general. Furthermore it wants to generate baseline information on production and marketing systems of the selected study area in particular by concentrating on parameters like production, marketing, institutional and organizational support and challenges and opportunities. Currently, Ethiopia contributes 3.6 percent of the total value and 3 percent of the total quantity of coffee traded to the global market, which leads the country to be the 10th largest exporter of coffee in the world and the first exporter in Africa. 40% of the total coffee production of Ethiopia is exported, which earns 33% of the overall value of agricultural goods exported and 24% of the whole export value of the country. Over one-third of the population living in the rural areas and over 15 million populations sustain their livelihoods and participated in coffee production. There are around one million coffee growers in the country. Coffee has been an important commodity which has got greater attention by the government of Ethiopia. It is the first cash crop that the Ethiopia Commodity Exchange (ECX) started trading operations in April 2008 in order to advance coffee markets in the country. High costs and high risks of transaction were the features of agricultural markets in Ethiopia before 2008, with only one third of the production reaching the market. Besides, smallholder farmers have little information about the market which limits them to sell their final products at the nearby market, deal with good prices as well as minimizing their market risk. Coffee market incompetence chiefly affect the income of coffee farmers and discourage them in the process
Eindimensionale und instation瓣re W瓣rmeleitung in ruhenden und einfachen K繹rpern
Die theoretische Physik ist f羹r jeden Ingenieur sein st瓣ndiger Begleiter, um die an ihn gestellten Aufgaben im h繹chsten Ma?e an Zuverl瓣ssigkeit zu meistern. Dar羹ber hinaus ist ein solides fach羹bergreifendes Grundlagenwissen von immenser Bedeutung. Kreativit瓣t hilft der Entscheidungsfindung und er繹ffnet M繹glichkeiten, z.B. mathematische Werkzeuge zu entwickeln. Die daraus entstandenen Ergebnisse k繹nnen den Ingenieur zu Recht mit Stolz erf羹llen und au?erdem seiner Reputation hilfreich sein. Dieses Fachbuch bzw. diese "Wissenschaftliche Abhandlung" besch瓣ftigt sich nun mit einer Problematik, dessen L繹sung in der angewandten Mathematik gefunden wurde. Bei der Entwicklung des Halleschen Kalorimeters entstanden physikalische Ph瓣nomene, die es zu erkennen und gegen zu steuern galt. Ein dauerhafter Gef瓣hrte der Problemanalyse war die immer wieder zur Anwendung kommende Regressionsanalyse, auf die hinreichend in diesem Werk eingegangen wird und ein fabelhaftes Hilfsmittel f羹r Ingenieure ist. In anschaulicher Weise wird aufgezeigt, wie das Hallesche Kalorimeter und die Modellbildung unter Zuhilfenahme einer Software sukzessive entstanden sind. Das Buch stellt somit auch eine Anleitung zum Bau des Kalorimeters dar.
Image Encryption by Using ACGLML
Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2021 in the subject Engineering - Computer Engineering, language: English, abstract: In the present-day era of typical social media communications, it is vital that privacy is to be preserved due to attacks on multimedia data through various methods. It is well known that the encryption standards either lack in keyspace or poor encryption strength. Hence, it is proposed to use a novel method in which both keyspace and encryption are increased. Discrete cosine transforms (DCT) of the image are encrypted using a generalized logistic equation. Due to this idea, both compression and encryption are done simultaneously. Before applying DCT, the image is shuffled using Arnold Cat Map. The proposed compression and encryption method is validated using several chaotic metrics such as; Bifurcation diagram, Mutual information, Kolmogorov Sinai Entropy density, Kolmogorov Sinai Entropy generality, Space-Amplitude diagram, Space-Time diagram. Intruders are discouraged through the improved metrics such as NPCR (Number of Pixels changing rate), UACI (Unified Averaged changed intensity), and mutual information among the lattices used as the key. In the same way, image reconstruction quality is improved and verified through the metrics such as PSNR (Peak Signal to noise ratio) and FOM (Figure of Merit). Compression performance is evaluated through the metric CR (Compression ratio). The performance is evaluated for both gray and color image databases under a noisy channel environment.
Projektkomplexit瓣t bei Gro?auftr瓣gen im Bauwesen. Entwicklung eines Planungstools
Masterarbeit aus dem Jahr 2016 im Fachbereich Ingenieurwissenschaften - Bauingenieurwesen, Note: 1,3, Otto-von-Guericke-Universit瓣t Magdeburg (Institut f羹r Arbeitswissenschaft, Fabrikautomatisierung und Fabrikbetrieb), Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Die Planung von Projekten in einer globalisierten und komplexen Welt wird zunehmend komplizierter. Aus diesem Grund verfolgt diese Masterarbeit das Ziel ein Planungstool zu entwickeln, welches Schwierigkeiten vor der Projektdurchf羹hrung erkennt und vorbeugt. Dazu wurde ein theoretisches Modell entwickelt, das den Anspruch von technischen Innovationsprojekten prospektiv ermitteln kann. Auf Grundlage dieses Modells wurde eine bereits bestehende Berechnungsmethode eines vergleichbaren retrospektiven Bewertungsmodells aufgegriffen und zur Berechnung des prospektiven Anspruchs weiterentwickelt. Im Anschluss wurde das Modell innerhalb von Einzelinterviews mit Hilfe einer Umfrage validiert. Die steigende Anzahl gleichzeitig zu bearbeitender Aufgaben in Projekten und dessen st瓣ndiges Wachstum haben dementsprechend verschiedene Probleme verursacht. Einige Beispiele f羹r diesen Verlauf erleben gerade umfassende mediale Pr瓣senz. Am bekanntesten ist mit Sicherheit das Gro?projekt Flughafen Berlin Brandenburg. Weiterhin k繹nnte man an dieser Stelle den neuen Stuttgarter Bahnhof und die Hamburger Elbphilharmonie nennen, welche aufgrund ihrer Dimensionen den Anspruch herk繹mmlicher Projekte bei weitem 羹bersteigen. Der prospektiv kalkulierte Zeit- und Kostenrahmen wurde in jedem dieser Gro?projekte um ein Vielfaches 羹berzogen. In vielen publizierten Meinungs瓣u?erungen ist von erheblichen Fehlplanungen die Rede, welche sich allerdings ohne eine aufwendige Beweisf羹hrung nicht best瓣tigen lassen. Welcher Faktor ist letztendlich der Entscheidende, an dem derartige Unternehmungen scheitern? L瓣sst sich dieser schon in der expliziten Projektplanung ermitteln? Diesen Fragen sollen in der Abschlussarbeit nachgegangen werden.
Welche Chancen und Risiken bestehen beim Einsatz von Robotern als Bienenersatz?
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2021 im Fachbereich Ingenieurwissenschaften - Robotik, Note: 1,0, Hochschule Bochum, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Diese Hausarbeit besch瓣ftigt sich mit dem m繹glichen Einsatz von Robotern als Bienenersatz. Die Bienen geh繹ren zu den intelligentesten Insekten und sichern mit ihrer Best瓣ubungsleistung die Nahrungsmittelproduktion der Menschen und erf羹llen weitere wichtige Funktionen in den nat羹rlichen ?kosystemen. Aufgrund verschiedener Einfl羹sse sterben die Bienen aus. Roboter, die in Gr繹?e und Funktion den Bienen gleichen sollen, sollen die Best瓣ubung der Pflanzen sowie Obst- und Gem羹searten 羹bernehmen. Dabei gibt es jedoch 繹kologische, soziale und 繹konomische Aspekte zu beachten.
Fe y Esperanza en la Tecnologia
Con profundo sentimiento de gratitud presentamos la versi籀n en espa簽ol del sensacional libro titulado "Fe y Esperanza en la Tecnolog穩a", escrito magistralmente por el fil籀sofo-ingeniero Cristiano Dr. Egbert Schuurman, el cual apareci籀 por vez primera en holand矇s en 1998, y despu矇s en ingl矇s en 2003.En estos 繳ltimos a簽os, los principios que se establecen en este libro se han constituido una base filos籀fica para enfrentar los retos que plantea el desarrollo tecnol籀gico del siglo XXI, lo que otorga al libro pertinencia y vigencia.El libro es un tratado acerca de la Filosof穩a de la Tecnolog穩a desde un punto de vista Cristiano, enmarcado en la Filosof穩a de la Idea Cosmon籀mica o Reformacional, desarrollada por el fil籀sofo Cristiano Herman Dooyeweerd. Desde esa posici籀n, el autor desarrolla principios normativos para la tecnolog穩a, con el fin de evitar y resolver las tensiones en el desarrollo y uso de la tecnolog穩a. A la vez, propone un marco 矇tico desde la 矇tica de la responsabilidad.Con esta versi籀n en espa簽ol, acercamos a la comunidad cient穩fica y tecnol籀gica de habla hispana una perspectiva acerca del significado de la tecnolog穩a y su papel en la cultura actual. El libro est獺 dirigido a j籀venes universitarios que cursan estudios en los diversos campos de ingenier穩a y ciencias a nivel licenciatura, maestr穩a y doctorado, para considerar la necesaria transformaci籀n de coraz籀n, mente y manos, y arrojar luz a sus estudios que les permitan enfrentar con posibilidades de 矇xito los desaf穩os presentes y futuros que plantea la tecnolog穩a. Asimismo, el autor ofrece a los dise簽adores de programas acad矇micos en ciencias e ingenier穩a el enfoque filos籀fico que debe guiar la formaci籀n de profesionales. 聶Por qu矇 es menester leer esta magn穩fica obra?- Porque el autor presenta la tecnolog穩a de manera clara y equilibrada en medio de una cultura altamente tecnificada. Reconoce los asombrosos avances tecnol籀gicos y beneficios, produciendo un caracter穩stico desarrollo cultural acelerado, sin perder de vista los grandes retos, riesgos y peligros que conlleva.- Porque la narrativa es desde una posici籀n inimaginable tanto para fil籀sofos como para ingenieros, ya que el autor dialoga con los lectores como ingeniero y como fil籀sofo al mismo tiempo. En ese dialogo, motiva a los ingenieros para que vean m獺s all獺 de la tecnolog穩a misma y reflexionen acerca de las fuerzas culturales que la gobiernan, e invita a los fil籀sofos a discernir el significado de la tecnolog穩a.- Porque el autor revela el estado actual del hombre moderno, quien ha puesto su fe y esperanza en la tecnolog穩a, y hace un llamado para llevar a cabo una reorientaci籀n cultural, ya que de otro modo, los problemas que se derivan del desarrollo tecnol籀gico se tornar獺n cada vez m獺s dif穩ciles. En ese llamado, ofrece una perspectiva enmarcada en el paradigma del jard穩n, cuyo desarrollo "se encuentra en la direcci籀n de un jard穩n-ciudad; una ciudad con amplio espacio de vida, un lugar en el que hay armon穩a entre la tecnolog穩a y la naturaleza, entre la ciudad y el paisaje. En esa cultura, no existe tal cosa como la contaminaci籀n ambiental" ya que existe una consideraci籀n real del origen de esto 繳ltimo en una contaminaci籀n del coraz籀n a繳n m獺s profunda.- Porque el autor nos alerta acerca de los problemas actuales que enfrentan pa穩ses m獺s desarrollados cient穩fica y tecnol籀gicamente hablando, de los cuales la comunidad de habla hispana habr獺 de alertarse y tomar acciones que permitan lidiar de mejor manera, y a繳n evitar, los problemas derivados del trabajo cient穩fico y tecnol籀gico.
Identidades de Soberania Pr籀pria
A documenta癟瓊o concisa, o envolvimento indevido de intermedi獺rios e os freq羹entes hacks de dados s瓊o alguns dos principais bloqueios que privam milh繭es de indiv穩duos de ter uma identidade oficial na ?ndia. Tendo examinado as quest繭es de seguran癟a relacionadas com um banco de dados centralizado, v獺rios modelos de identidade digital foram apresentados ? luz da prote癟瓊o de dados, descentraliza癟瓊o, imutabilidade, revoga癟瓊o, auditabilidade, velocidade e controle dos usu獺rios sobre a informa癟瓊o pessoalmente identific獺vel. Neste livro, foi feita uma vis瓊o abrangente das identidades f穩sicas, bem como digitais. Tendo em conta os modelos centrais, federados e auto-soberanos de identidade digital, este 繳ltimo foi proposto para a gest瓊o da identifica癟瓊o, alavancando a tecnologia de cadeias de bloqueio. Nos cap穩tulos seguintes, a arquitetura da cadeia de bloqueio e suas caracter穩sticas-chave foram discutidas em detalhes. Finalmente, o mecanismo de funcionamento da cadeia de bloqueio permitiu a gest瓊o da identifica癟瓊o, os procedimentos transacionais, a irreversibilidade, a persist礙ncia, as aplica癟繭es e os desafios, que provavelmente vir瓊o no futuro, foram explicados.
Mitarbeiterbefragungen in Kleinen Und Mittleren Unternehmen Gezielt Richtig Durchf羹hren
Mitarbeiterbefragungen k繹nnen positive Impulse ausl繹sen, die sich auch wirtschaftlich f羹r Unternehmen auszahlen k繹nnen. Denn Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter kennen oftmals die Schwachstellen in der eigenen Arbeitsumgebung, der Technik und der Organisation im eigenen betrieblichen Verantwortungsbereich. Und oft haben sie gute Ideen, wie Probleme und St繹rungen abgestellt werden k繹nnen. Ihre Antworten auf 羹berlegt ausgew瓣hlte Fragen zu Betriebsstruktur und Organisation k繹nnen wertvolle Hinweise f羹r Verbesserungen liefern und Potenziale auf dem Weg zu mehr Wettbewerbsf瓣higkeit heben. Arbeitgeber gewinnen dadurch allerdings auch wichtige Einblicke in das Betriebsklima, die allgemeine Situation und das Image des Unternehmens aus Sicht der Besch瓣ftigten. Diese in der Praxis erprobte und bew瓣hrte Handlungshilfe informiert praxisgerecht in logischen Schritten und mit anschaulichen Beispielen, wie eine Mitarbeiterbefragung gezielt und richtig durchgef羹hrt wird.
Revitalisierung von Wohnimmobilien. Handlungsempfehlungen unter Ber羹cksichtigung der Energieeffizienz
Magisterarbeit aus dem Jahr 2021 im Fachbereich Ingenieurwissenschaften - Energietechnik, Note: 1,7, HBC Hochschule Biberach. University of Applied Sciences, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Ziel der Arbeit ist es, Handlungsempfehlungen f羹r die Revitalisierung von Wohnimmobilien unter Ber羹cksichtigung der Energieeffizienz zu geben. Durch das Aufzeigen unterschiedlicher Handlungsm繹glichkeiten sollen die Potenziale der Ma?nahmen verdeutlicht werden. Die Handlungsempfehlungen gelten insbesondere f羹r revitalisierungsbed羹rftige Wohnimmobilien, die f羹r die langfristige Vermietung durch professionell-gewerbliche Wohnungsanbieter vorgesehen sind. Die Einblicke in die Revitalisierung von Wohnimmobilien unter Ber羹cksichtigung der Energieeffizienz sind nicht nur f羹r professionell-gewerbliche Eigent羹mer, sondern auch f羹r private Kleinanbieter, Projektentwickler, Berater, Investoren, Hausverwalter oder Wohnungseigent羹mergemeinschaften (WEG) etc. relevant. Die Empfehlungen zielen auf technische, energetische und wirtschaftliche Verbesserungen der Wohngeb瓣ude.
Adversariale Robustheit Neuronaler Netze. Verteidigungen gegen Vermeidungsangriffe zur Testzeit
Gelernte Klassifikationsverfahren sind nicht sicher, wenn Angreifer gezielte Ver瓣nderungen an der Eingabe vornehmen. Obwohl diese ?nderungen f羹r den Menschen kaum wahrnehmbar sind, 瓣ndert sich die Klassifikation. Um gelernte Modelle in sicherheitskritischen Bereichen anwenden zu k繹nnen, ist es erforderlich, Methoden zu entwickeln, die Robustheit gegen adversariale Angriffe gew瓣hrleisten k繹nnen. Hier wird eine ?bersicht 羹ber verschiedene Anwendungsf瓣lle, Angriffe, die daraus entstehenden Problemstellungen, Ans瓣tze zur Verteidigung sowie Gefahren bei der Evaluation dieser gegeben und die Notwendigkeit korrekter Verfahren aufgezeigt.
Data-Intensive Computing in Smart Microgrids
Microgrids have recently emerged as the building block of a smart grid, combining distributed renewable energy sources, energy storage devices, and load management in order to improve power system reliability, enhance sustainable development, and reduce carbon emissions. At the same time, rapid advancements in sensor and metering technologies, wireless and network communication, as well as cloud and fog computing are leading to the collection and accumulation of large amounts of data (e.g., device status data, energy generation data, consumption data).The application of big data analysis techniques (e.g., forecasting, classification, clustering) on such data can optimize the power generation and operation in real time by accurately predicting electricity demands, discovering electricity consumption patterns, and developing dynamic pricing mechanisms. An efficient and intelligent analysis of the data will enable smart microgrids to detect and recover from failures quickly, respond to electricity demand swiftly, supply more reliable and economical energy, and enable customers to have more control over their energy use. Overall, data-intensive analytics can provide effective and efficient decision support for all of the producers, operators, customers, and regulators in smart microgrids, in order to achieve holistic smart energy management, including energy generation, transmission, distribution, and demand-side management. This book contains an assortment of relevant novel research contributions that provide real-world applications of data-intensive analytics in smart grids and contribute to the dissemination of new ideas in this area.
Freeze-Drying Technology in Foods
This Special Issue provides an update on the most recent research and developments in the area of freeze-drying technology in foods. It presents a combination of experimental and modeling studies, offering an overview of oncoming challenges and opportunities on the topic.
Recent Advances in Indoor Localization Systems and Technologies
Despite the enormous technical progress seen in the past few years, the maturity of indoor localization technologies has not yet reached the level of GNSS solutions. The 23 selected papers in this book present the recent advances and new developments in indoor localization systems and technologies, propose novel or improved methods with increased performance, provide insight into various aspects of quality control, and also introduce some unorthodox positioning methods.
Technik in der Antike
Die antiken Mechaniker hatten erfolgreich die Grundlagen einer neuen Wissenschaft gelegt, die erst in der Neuzeit 羹bertroffen wurde. Weniges war allerdings neu: Hebel und Rolle waren beispielsweise schon lange bekannt, aber nicht wissenschaftlich analysiert und mathematisch beschrieben. Die gro?e Leistung der Antike liegt darin, dass sie komplexe Maschinen auf einige wenige und vor allem einfache Maschinen zur羹ckf羹hren und dadurch erkl瓣ren konnte. (Quelle: Wikipedia) Der Autor stellt in diesem Buch in sieben Vortr瓣gen die erstaunlichsten Errungenschaften der antiken Technik vor, die sogar den heutigen Leser beeindruckt.
3rd XoveTIC Conference
This volume of Proceedings gathers papers presented at XOVETIC2020 (A Coru簽a, Spain, 8-9 October 2020), a conference with the main goal of bringing together young researchers working in big data, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, HPC (High-performance computing), cybersecurity, bioinformatics, natural language processing, 5G, and other areas from the field of ICT (Information Communications Technology); and offering a platform to present the results of their research to a national audience in Portugal. This third edition aims to serve as the basis of this event, which will be consolidated over time and acquire international projection.
Computation in Complex Networks
Complex networks are one of the most challenging research focuses of disciplines, including physics, mathematics, biology, medicine, engineering, and computer science, among others. The interest in complex networks is increasingly growing, due to their ability to model several daily life systems, such as technology networks, the Internet, and communication, chemical, neural, social, political and financial networks. The Special Issue "Computation in Complex Networks" of Entropy offers a multidisciplinary view on how some complex systems behave, providing a collection of original and high-quality papers within the research fields of: - Community detection - Complex network modelling - Complex network analysis - Node classification - Information spreading and control - Network robustness - Social networks - Network medicine
Numerical Modelling and Simulation of Metal Processing
This book deals with metal processing and its numerical modelling and simulation. In total, 21 papers from different distinguished authors have been compiled in this area. Various processes are addressed, including solidification, TIG welding, additive manufacturing, hot and cold rolling, deep drawing, pipe deformation, and galvanizing. Material models are developed at different length scales from atomistic simulation to finite element analysis in order to describe the evolution and behavior of materials during thermal and thermomechanical treatment. Materials under consideration are carbon, Q&T, DP, and stainless steels; ductile iron; and aluminum, nickel-based, and titanium alloys. The developed models and simulations shall help to predict structure evolution, damage, and service behavior of advanced materials.
Electronics for Sensors
The aim of this Special Issue is to explore new advanced solutions in electronic systems and interfaces to be employed in sensors, describing best practices, implementations, and applications. The selected papers in particular concern photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) interfaces and applications, techniques for monitoring radiation levels, electronics for biomedical applications, design and applications of time-to-digital converters, interfaces for image sensors, and general-purpose theory and topologies for electronic interfaces.
Biofiltration and Physicochemical Filtration for Water Treatment
Biofiltration is a technology of great interest since the costs of installation and, above all, exploitation costs are much lower than those associated with other technologies based on physical-chemical processes. Nowadays, the use of biofiltration is increasing every day. On the other hand, the physicochemical filtration process is a successful technology in numerous applications in the field of water treatment. This issue of the journal is focused on the treatment of different types of effluents through filtration: Drinking water and wastewater. Different technologies are analysed: Filtration through biochar from agricultural by-products; biological active carbon (BAC); electroadsorption using a commercial granular activated carbon as the adsorbent; filtration through sand, anthracite and expanded clay; granular activated carbon (GAC) as part of a tertiary treatment for wastewater reuse.
?kobilanzen im Tiefbau. Eine Methodik zur Ber羹cksichtigung der Lebenszykluskosten bei der Bauvergabe
Masterarbeit aus dem Jahr 2019 im Fachbereich Ingenieurwissenschaften - Bauingenieurwesen, Note: 1,7, Fachhochschule Kaiserslautern (Technische Akademie S羹dwest (TAS)), Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Das Ziel der Studie ist die Erarbeitung einer Methodik, die Einsatz und Anwendung von ?kobilanzierung und Lebenszykluskostenbetrachtung bei der Vergabe von Tiefbauma?nahmen ber羹cksichtigt. Lebenszykluskosten (LZK) sind inzwischen ein wichtiges Kriterium bei der Konzeption, Planung, Errichtung und dem Betrieb von Bauwerken. Die Richtlinie 2014/24/EU des Europ瓣ischen Parlaments und des Rates 羹ber die 繹ffentliche Auftragsvergabe (Artikel 67 und Artikel 68) sieht grunds瓣tzlich die Einbeziehung der gesamten LZK als Entscheidungskriterium bei der Vergabe von Bauauftr瓣gen vor. Der deutsche Gesetzgeber war gehalten, diese Neuerungen umzusetzen und f羹r alle Vergaben von Bauauftr瓣gen anzuwenden. Somit sieht die VOB/A - Abschnitt 2 vor, die LZK bei der Vergabe von Bauauftr瓣gen einzubeziehen. W瓣hrend f羹r den Hochbau bestimmte Kriterien und Zertifizierungen in der Praxis bereits Anwendung finden, besteht im Tiefbau diesbez羹glich noch gro?er Handlungsbedarf. Dabei leistet der Tiefbau einen enormen Beitrag f羹r die 繹ffentliche Infrastruktur und die 繹ffentliche Daseinsvorsorge. Anhand der nicht unerheblichen Bedeutung von Tiefbauma?namen und dessen Vergabe durch 繹ffentliche Auftraggeber, sollte daher ein viel st瓣rkerer Fokus auf deren Nachhaltigkeit und Effizienz, 瓣hnlich wie beim Hochbau gelegt werden. Die Einbeziehung von ?kobilanzierung und Lebenszykluskosten bei Tiefbauma?nahmen k繹nnen hier immense Vorteile bringen und eine umweltschonende und wirtschaftliche Planung 羹ber den gesamten Lebenszyklus gew瓣hrleisten.
Impact Journal of Science and Technology
This is a research Journal of Science and Technology. It covers all brances of Science and Technology. It publishes original research Papers on all branches of Science and Technology.
Wireless Power/Data Transfer, Energy Harvesting System Design
This book focuses on emerging wireless power/data and energy harvesting technologies, and highlights their fundamental requirements, followed by recent advancements. It provides a various technical overview and analysis of key techniques for wireless power/data and energy harvesting system design. The state-of-the-art system introduced in this book will benefit designers looking to develop wireless power transfer and energy harvesting technologies in a variety of fields, such as wearable, implantable devices, home appliances, and electric vehicles.
Pesticide Applications in Agricultural Systems
The effective and efficient application of PPP in agriculture is a very complex task, involving a lot of aspects ranging from active substance properties to climatic conditions, from target structure to equipment features, from operator awareness to the reference legislative framework. Some of these aspects have been treated in the six papers collected in this Special Issue on "Pesticide Applications in Agricultural Systems".
Ionic Liquids in Catalysis
Due to their distinctive properties, ionic liquids have attracted the great and unflagging interest of researchers for over 30 years. This interest has been focused mainly on their use as a green alternative to volatile organic solvents. However, they often act not only as solvents but also as catalysts, catalyst immobilizers and initiators. Over 100 types of chemical reactions are known in which ionic liquids (ILs) were applied successfully. This Special Issue is aimed at showing the most recent advances and trends in the design, synthesis and characterization of catalysts based on ILs, as well as presenting their activity and application potential.
Remote Sensing of the Oceans
This book covers different topics in the framework of remote sensing of the oceans. Latest research advancements and brand-new studies are presented that address the exploitation of remote sensing instruments and simulation tools to improve the understanding of ocean processes and enable cutting-edge applications with the aim of preserving the ocean environment and supporting the blue economy. Hence, this book provides a reference framework for state-of-the-art remote sensing methods that deal with the generation of added-value products and the geophysical information retrieval in related fields, including: Oil spill detection and discrimination; Analysis of tropical cyclones and sea echoes; Shoreline and aquaculture area extraction; Monitoring coastal marine litter and moving vessels; Processing of SAR, HF radar and UAV measurements.
PV Charging and Storage for Electric Vehicles
Electric vehicles are only 'green' as long as the source of electricity is 'green' as well. At the same time, renewable power production suffers from diurnal and seasonal variations, creating the need for energy storage technology. Moreover, overloading and voltage problems are expected in the distributed network due to the high penetration of distributed generation and increased power demand from the charging of electric vehicles. The energy and mobility transition hence calls for novel technological innovations in the field of sustainable electric mobility powered from renewable energy. This Special Issue focuses on recent advances in technology for PV charging and storage for electric vehicles.
Applications of Internet of Things
This book introduces the Special Issue entitled "Applications of Internet of Things", of ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. Topics covered in this issue include three main parts: (I) intelligent transportation systems (ITSs), (II) location-based services (LBSs), and (III) sensing techniques and applications. Three papers on ITSs are as follows: (1) "Vehicle positioning and speed estimation based on cellular network signals for urban roads," by Lai and Kuo; (2) "A method for traffic congestion clustering judgment based on grey relational analysis," by Zhang et al.; and (3) "Smartphone-based pedestrian's avoidance behavior recognition towards opportunistic road anomaly detection," by Ishikawa and Fujinami. Three papers on LBSs are as follows: (1) "A high-efficiency method of mobile positioning based on commercial vehicle operation data," by Chen et al.; (2) "Efficient location privacy-preserving k-anonymity method based on the credible chain," by Wang et al.; and (3) "Proximity-based asynchronous messaging platform for location-based Internet of things service," by Gon Jo et al. Two papers on sensing techniques and applications are as follows: (1) "Detection of electronic anklet wearers' groupings throughout telematics monitoring," by Machado et al.; and (2) "Camera coverage estimation based on multistage grid subdivision," by Wang et al.
Selected Papers from the ICEUBI2019 - International Congress on Engineering - Engineering for Evolution
Energies SI Book "Selected Papers from the ICEUBI2019 - International Congress on Engineering - Engineering for Evolution", groups six papers into fundamental engineering areas: Aeronautics and Astronautics, and Electrotechnical and Mechanical Engineering. ICEUBI-International Congress on Engineering is organized every two years by the Engineering Faculty of Beira Interior University, Portugal, promoting engineering in society through contact among researchers and practitioners from different fields of engineering, and thus encouraging the dissemination of engineering research, innovation, and development. All selected papers are interrelated with energy topics (fundamentals, sources, exploration, conversion, and policies), and provide relevant data for academics, research-focused practitioners, and policy makers.
Stochastic Models for Geodesy and Geoinformation Science
In geodesy and geoinformation science, as well as in many other technical disciplines, it is often not possible to directly determine the desired target quantities. Therefore, the unknown parameters must be linked with the measured values by a mathematical model which consists of the functional and the stochastic models. The functional model describes the geometrical-physical relationship between the measurements and the unknown parameters. This relationship is sufficiently well known for most applications. With regard to the stochastic model, two problem domains of fundamental importance arise: 1. How can stochastic models be set up as realistically as possible for the various geodetic observation methods and sensor systems? 2. How can the stochastic information be adequately considered in appropriate least squares adjustment models? Further questions include the interpretation of the stochastic properties of the computed target values with regard to precision and reliability and the use of the results for the detection of outliers in the input data (measurements). In this Special Issue, current research results on these general questions are presented in ten peer-reviewed articles. The basic findings can be applied to all technical scientific fields where measurements are used for the determination of parameters to describe geometric or physical phenomena.
Application of Nanoparticles for Oil Recovery
The oil industry has, in the last decade, seen successful applications of nanotechnology in completion systems, completion fluids, drilling fluids, and in improvements of well constructions, equipment, and procedures. However, very few full field applications of nanoparticles as an additive to injection fluids for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) have been reported. Many types of chemical enhanced oil recovery methods have been used in fields all over the world for many decades and have resulted in higher recovery, but the projects have very o6en not been economic. Therefore, the oil industry is searching for a more efficient enhanced oil recovery method. Based on the success of nanotechnology in various areas of the oil industry, nanoparticles have been extensively studied as an additive in injection fluids for EOR. This book includes a selection of research articles on the use of nanoparticles for EOR application. The articles are discussing nanoparticles as additive in waterflooding and surfactant flooding, stability and wettability alteration ability of nanoparticles and nanoparticle stabilized foam for CO2-EOR. The book also includes articles on nanoparticles as an additive in biopolymer flooding and studies on the use of nanocellulose as a method to increase the viscosity of injection water. Mathematical models of the injection of nanoparticle-polymer solutions are also presented.
Cellular Metals
Cellular solids and porous metals have become some of the most promising lightweight multifunctional materials due to their superior combination of advanced properties mainly derived from their base material and cellular structure. They are used in a wide range of commercial, biomedical, industrial, and military applications. In contrast to other cellular materials, cellular metals are non-flammable, recyclable, extremely tough, and chemically stable and are excellent energy absorbers. The manuscripts of this Special Issue provide a representative insight into the recent developments in this field, covering topics related to manufacturing, characterization, properties, specific challenges in transportation, and the description of structural features. For example, a presented strategy for the strengthening of Al-alloy foams is the addition of alloying elements (e.g., magnesium) into the metal bulk matrix to promote the formation of intermetallics (e.g., precipitation hardening). The incorporation of micro-sized and nano-sized reinforcement elements (e.g., carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide) into the metal bulk matrix to enhance the performance of the ductile metal is presented. New bioinspired cellular materials, such as nanocomposite foams, lattice materials, and hybrid foams and structures are also discussed (e.g., filled hollow structures, metal-polymer hybrid cellular structures).
Industrial and Technological Applications of Power Electronics Systems
The Special Issue "Industrial and Technological Applications of Power Electronics Systems" focuses on: - new strategies of control for electric machines, including sensorless control and fault diagnosis; - existing and emerging industrial applications of GaN and SiC-based converters; - modern methods for electromagnetic compatibility. The book covers topics such as control systems, fault diagnosis, converters, inverters, and electromagnetic interference in power electronics systems. The Special Issue includes 19 scientific papers by industry experts and worldwide professors in the area of electrical engineering.
Modelling Supply Chain Dynamics
Chapter 1. Introduction to Supply Chains.- Chapter 2. Supply Chain Management.- Chapter 3. Supply Chain Dynamics.- Chapter 4. Basic models for SC dynamics.- Chapter 5. The effect of the quality of information in SCD.- Chapter 6. Enriching SC models.- Chapter 7. Closed Loop Supply Chain.- Chapter 8. Modelling complex SC structures.- Chapter 9. Further issues in modelling SC dynamics.- Appendix.- Index.
Monitoramento de Um Ambiente Computacional
Este trabalho apresenta a implanta癟瓊o do monitoramento de um ambiente computacional, utilizando zabbix em cont礙ineres Docker, com a finalidade de fornecer aplica癟繭es de microservi癟os gerenciados e utilizar um software de monitoramento n瓊o somente monitorar econtrolar servi癟os computacionais, mas para realizar solu癟繭es e antecipa癟繭es de problemasrelacionados a aplica癟繭es e equipamentos de rede, no decorrer do projeto foram feitoslevantamentos bibliogr獺ficos para a fundamenta癟瓊o te籀rica sobre o conceito de virtualiza癟瓊o, redes de computadores, monitoramento de ativos e protocolos de comunica癟瓊oentre computadores. Ao final do levantamento foi criada uma tabela comparativa entretodas as solu癟繭es pesquisadas com a finalidade de organizar e classificar os crit矇rios para aescolha da ferramenta. Deste modo, foi escolhida a ferramenta open-source Zabbix parasupervisionar os par璽metros de rede, al矇m disso, foi utilizado o Docker para cria癟瓊o econfigura癟瓊o dos cont礙ineres. A realiza癟瓊o deste projeto foi feita em tr礙s etapas, sendoa primeira: a instala癟瓊o de micro servi癟os Zabbix atrav矇s de linhas de comando Docker;a segunda para instala癟瓊o de m繳ltiplos servi癟os Zabbix utilizado o Docker Compo
Making Sense in Engineering and the Physical Sciences 6th Edition
Programmable Integrated Photonics
This book provides the first comprehensive, up-to-date and self-contained introduction to the emergent field of Programmable Integrated Photonics (PIP). It covers both theoretical and practical aspects, ranging from basic technologies and the building of photonic component blocks, to design alternatives and principles of complex programmable photonic circuits, their limiting factors, techniques for characterization and performance monitoring/control, and their salient applications both in the classical as well as in the quantum information fields. The book concentrates and focuses mainly on the distinctive features of programmable photonics, as compared to more traditional ASPIC approaches. After some years during which the Application Specific Photonic Integrated Circuit (ASPIC) paradigm completely dominated the field of integrated optics, there has been an increasing interest in PIP. The rising interest in PIP is justified by the surge in a number of emerging applications that call for true flexibility and reconfigurability, as well as low-cost, compact, and low-power consuming devices. Programmable Integrated Photonics is a new paradigm that aims at designing common integrated optical hardware configurations, which by suitable programming, can implement a variety of functionalities. These in turn can be exploited as basic operations in many application fields. Programmability enables, by means of external control signals, both chip reconfiguration for multifunction operation, as well as chip stabilization against non-ideal operations due to fluctuations in environmental conditions and fabrication errors. Programming also allows for the activation of parts of the chip, which are not essential for the implementation of a given functionality, but can be of help in reducing noise levels through the diversion of undesired reflections.
El Internet del Dinero Volumen Tres
Si bien muchos libros nos explican el "c籀mo" acerca del Bitcoin, la serie de "El Internet Del Dinero" profundiza en el "por qu矇" del Bitcoin.Tras el 矇xito mundial del Volumen Uno y el Volumen Dos de esta serie, esta tercera entrega contiene 12 de las charlas m獺s inspiradoras y estimulantes durante los 繳ltimos dos a簽os, incluyendo: "Acceso Universal a Servicios Financieros B獺sicos"; "La Medida del ?xito: Precios o Principios"; "Huyendo del C獺rtel Bancario Global"; "C籀digo Imparable: La Diferencia Entre No Puedo y No Quiero".En todo el mundo, los gobiernos y las corporaciones buscan cada vez m獺s una reconstrucci籀n del dinero para que les sirva de mecanismo de control y de m獺quina de vigilancia. A pesar del surgimiento de una sociedad y una econom穩a globales interconectadas a trav矇s de la expansi籀n del Internet durante d矇cadas, la trayectoria de estas pol穩ticas burocr獺ticas presagia consecuencias nefastas para la inclusi籀n financiera y la independencia. Andreas contextualiza la importancia del Bitcoin y las cadenas de bloques abiertas en medio de estos factores sociopol穩ticos y sociales. Cambios econ籀micos: 聶Qu矇 pasar穩a si se pudiera crear dinero sin una autoridad? 聶Son las monedas corporativas el primer paso hacia el tecno-neo-feudalismo? 聶La verdadera "red oscura" est獺 dirigida por agencias de inteligencia estatales? 聶Y qu矇 pasar穩a si todo el mundo pudiera tener un banco suizo en su bolsillo? 聶Podemos construir comunidades digitales resistentes a la gentrificaci籀n?En 2013, Andreas M. Antonopoulos comenz籀 a hablar p繳blicamente sobre Bitcoin y r獺pidamente se convirti籀 en uno de los oradores m獺s buscados del mundo en la industria. Ha impartido docenas de charlas 繳nicas al estilo TED en lugares que van desde el Museo Henry Ford hasta encuentros con entradas agotadas en la Rep繳blica Checa y Argentina. En 2014, Antonopoulos escribi籀 el libro pionero, "Mastering Bitcoin" (O'Reilly Media), ampliamente considerado como la mejor gu穩a t矇cnica jam獺s escrita sobre esta tecnolog穩a. El 7 de septiembre de 2016, Andreas lanz籀 su segundo libro, "The Internet of Money Volume One", en el podcast de "The Joe Rogan Experience" (la entrevista ha sido vista m獺s de 300.000 veces). El libro de "The Internet of Money" ofrec穩a algo que se necesitaba desesperadamente: una explicaci籀n de la filosof穩a, la econom穩a, la pol穩tica y la po矇tica detr獺s de esta tecnolog穩a. 癒Haz que este libro forme parte de tu colecci籀n! y descubre porqu矇 El Internet Del Dinero continuar獺 transformando al mundo y a la mism穩sima Internet.
