Challenges and Perspectives of Neurological Disorders
This reprint offers a comprehensive and updated overview of the current state-of-the-art techniques in the management of various neurological disorders. These disorders include neurodegenerative diseases, neurovascular disorders, and neuro-oncological diseases. The reprint also presents the latest advances and innovations in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of these complex conditions, emphasizing the role of cutting-edge technologies, such as neurobiology, neuroimaging, neuroinformatics, neuropharmacology, and neurosurgery. This reprint is a useful resource for researchers, clinicians, students, and anyone interested in the current challenges and perspectives of neurological disorders.
Antimicrobial Prescribing and Stewardship, 1st Volume
This Antimicrobial Prescribing and Stewardship Issue (volume 1) consist of manuscripts, including original research, review articles, case series, and opinion papers for topics related to antimicrobial (antibiotic, antifungal) stewardship, including: Disease-based/organism-based antimicrobial stewardship;Diagnostic stewardship;Influence of antimicrobial utilisation changes in antimicrobial resistance;Impact of antimicrobial stewardship on quality performance measures and patient outcomes;Novel antimicrobial stewardship education and training approaches or interventions aimed at the public and/or healthcare workers;Behavioural change approaches to antimicrobial stewardship;Collaborative practice agreements in antimicrobial stewardship;Antimicrobial stewardship in special populations (e.g., paediatrics, geriatrics, emergency medicine, hematology/oncology);Tackling AMR through antimicrobial stewardship in low- and middle-income countries;Antimicrobial stewardship for animal health;Antimicrobial stewardship in alternative settings (e.g., community practice, long-term care, and resource-limited small and rural hospitals);Antimicrobial use and stewardship in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic;Global collaborations to tackle AMR through antimicrobial stewardship.
Covid-19
On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, and the disease now affects nearly every country and region. Nearly 18 months later, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to present significant challenges to health systems, public health, and the economy of countries across both hemispheres. The morbidity and mortality of the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been significant, and various waves of disease outbreaks initially overwhelmed hospitals and clinics in many countries and continue to do so. This influences everyone, and public health countermeasures have been dramatic in terms of their impact on employment, social systems, and mental health.This Special Issue collection follows on from the Special Issue "COVID-19: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives" and provides an avenue for authors from various disciplines to provide feedback on the response to and our future global preparedness for COVID-19, as well as to disseminate critical information about SARS-CoV-2 and the associated COVID-19 pandemic.
Inequalities in Health and Healthcare
Tackling inequalities in health and healthcare is more important than ever. The COVID-19 pandemic starkly illustrated the disproportional impact of the virus on those who already faced disadvantage and discrimination. Moreover, there is evidence that the public health measures taken to contain the virus are likely to have longstanding differential impacts across populations. Numerous studies have documented avoidable differences in health, within and between populations. Similarly, studies have consistently shown inequalities in access, use, experience and outcomes from healthcare and public health programmes. The focus has often been on individual determinants, such as gender, age and ethnicity. Less attention has been paid to structural or contextual determinants, except for area-level socioeconomic conditions. In addition, to tackle inequalities, there is a need to move beyond measuring; to understand why inequalities arise and how they can be addressed. This Special Issue sought to extend the parameters of inequalities research in health and healthcare beyond measuring and documenting inequalities. Reviews, observational studies, and quasi-experimental and other evaluation designs (using quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods), focusing on the following were welcomed: - understanding inequalities across health and care systems; - methodological developments to understand drivers of inequalities; - efforts to reduce inequalities, particularly in evidence-based healthcare or public health policy and practice; - understanding and mitigating the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on inequalities.
MSK for PCPs
Introduction To my primary care physicians, PA's, NP's, physical therapists, medical residents, and medical student friends, this is for you! This book is a clinical reference guide of musculoskeletal exams and algorithms for workup. The initial flow charts are designed for the common clinical presentations to help navigate which pathologies may be most likely, or, the table of contents to get you to the clinical information you need: differential diagnoses, provocative exams, workup, and non-operative and operative considerations. This clinical reference is 100% evidence based. If there was no significant evidence for an exam or treatment modality, it was not listed. The content in this text has no opinion, only information and algorithms found in the literature. There is plenty of room for your autonomy in decision making with solid references to back the management necessary for each clinical presentation. I know you will find this a helpful resource! Dr. Malinda Hansen has always had an enthusiasm for sports and competition. Starting out as a multi-sport athlete, playing Division I basketball, and running her own business for 15 years, she realized a gap in her training. That was rectified with a masters degree in exercise physiology which led to a pursuit of Osteopathic medicine as a career. Graduating from A.T. Still University School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, she completed her dual residency in Family medicine and Osteopathic Neuromusculoskeletal medicine in Fort Worth Texas. That opened a door to completing a sports medicine fellowship in Louisville, Kentucky. Dr. Hansen is triple boarded in family medicine, sports medicine, and Osteopathic neuromusculoskeletal medicine. In her own words "This book is for all of my primary care friends that get lost in the co-morbid conditions and may have gotten a little rusty in their musculoskeletal exams and management."
Personalized Nursing and Health Care
There has been a rapid development in the academic literature over the last ten years on papers relating to individualization, personalization, patient-, client-, consumer- and person-centredness, with work on conceptual, instrumental, observational, and experimental levels. This Special Issue presents papers that can further establish the current state of science on these topics relating to personalized nursing and health care. We collected papers that highlight and further the knowledge base conceptually, instrumentally, observationally, and experimentally with sound theoretical and methodological underpinnings and implications for research, theory, and clinical work in the disciplines of nursing, medicine, allied health, and beyond.
Diabetes for Dummies
The book that's been helping people with diabetes live their best lives for 20 years Diabetes For Dummies is a trusted resource that guides those diagnosed with diabetes and pre-diabetes and their caregivers towards optimal health. This book helps you, or those you love, achieve the life you want while managing diabetes with lifestyle changes, alternative therapies and the latest medications. This fully updated edition helps you tackle your symptoms with the confidence that you're doing the latest stuff and following the newest advances in diabetes treatment. Powerful lifestyle strategies, new medications, monitoring equipment, nutritional guidelines, delicious recipes, and insulin delivery methods--it's all in this friendly Dummies guide. Understand the types of diabetes and learn about your diagnosis Learn the latest treatment options, medications, and evidence-based therapies Manage your symptoms and live a full life with expert diet and lifestyle tips Answer your questions with this trusted, compassionate guide, now in its 6th edition Take control and understand how to improve or even prevent and reverse prediabetes and diabetesThis book is an indispensable resource for those newly diagnosed with diabetes, and prediabetes, their loved ones, and care givers, as well as health care professionals who need an up-to-date reference on the latest in diabetes research.
The COVID-19 Crisis
Given the far-reaching effects that the pandemic has had on both individuals and society at large, this book was written to be approachable for academics, students, and laypersons alike. To further amplify this point, readers will find that an eclectic mix of both (largely online-based) news articles and analyses, along with select academic papers and concepts are featured in this concise book; the inclusion of select news reports from the first two years of the pandemic helps to document how the pandemic was publicly presented-which, given the relatively ephemeral nature of the Internet, it can be especially helpful to document such sources. Some of the critical social and psychological issues regarding key developments and events (largely, though not exclusively, focused on America) and predominantly related to the first two years of the pandemic include both mental health and personal and interpersonal problems, as well as many social/societal, economic, and political consequences. Drawing from a host of varied and interdisciplinary sources, this book would be a helpful resource for (current and future) academics, scholars, clinicians, students, and anyone seeking a critical yet concise overview and analysis of some of the most pressing psychological/social scientific themes and issues pertaining to the pandemic.
Environmental Exposure to Toxic Chemicals and Human Health
It was recently reported that pollution was responsible for 9 million premature deaths in 2015, making it the world's largest environmental risk factor for disease and premature death. Human and industrial activities generate various forms of residual wastes and by-products in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state. Waste generation starts with simple processes such as living, eating, and breathing. Managing waste and minimizing associated environmental impacts have become more challenging as worldwide populations and economies continue to grow. Once these hazardous chemicals are present in the environment, people can become exposed to them. Human health can be influenced by many factors, including exposure to physical, chemical, biological, and radiological contaminants in the environment.This reprint comprises research papers related to the aspects of environmental exposure to multiple toxic chemicals and human health. The manuscripts are focused on toxicology, biomonitoring, exposure and risk assessment, and endocrine disruptors.
Global Health Governance
Globalization has immersed all of humanity in a single germ pool. There are no health sanctuaries in a globalizing world. In Global Health Governance, Obijiofor Aginam explores the relevance of international law in contemporary public health diplomacy. He focuses on the concept of mutual vulnerability to explore the globalization of disease, in what is paradoxically a global village and a divided world. Drawing from a wide range of disciplines, Global Health Governance offers a holistic approach to global health governance involving a multiplicity of actors: nation-states, international organizations, civil society organizations, and private actors. Aginam articulates modest proposals under the rubric of communitarian globalism, a paradigm that strives to meet the ideals of 'law of humanity.' These proposals project a humane global health order where all of humanity is inexorably tied into a global compact and where the health of one nation-state rises and falls with the health of others. International law--with its bold claims to universal protection of human rights and human dignity--is an indispensable governance tool for the reconstruction of damaged public health trust in the relations of nations and peoples.
Association of Physical Fitness and Motor Competence with Health and Well-Being in Children and Adolescents
Available research has indicated a decline in physical fitness and motor competence over the last several decades. Movement restrictions and policies that have emphasized social distancing, due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, may have further increased the prevalence of youth with insufficient physical fitness and motor competence. As physical fitness and motor competence are critical contributors to an active and healthy lifestyle, it is important to re-emphasize their role in the general health and development of children and adolescents and, accordingly, future public health. Particularly with the re-opening of schools, sports clubs and public parks, the promotion of activities that enhance physical fitness and motor competence in children and adolescents is warranted. This reprint highlights the importance of physical fitness and motor competence for the health and well-being of children and adolescents, by providing an interdisciplinary platform for research addressing this topic.
Decision Analysis Applied to the Field of Environmental Health
This book provides students and researchers with a resource that includes the current application of the multi-criteria decision theory in a variety of fields, including the environment, health care, engineering, and architecture. There are many critical parameters (criteria) that can directly or indirectly affect the consequences of various decisions. The application of the multi-criteria decision theory focusses mainly on the use of computational methods which include multiple criteria and orders of preference for the evaluation and the selection of the best option among many alternatives based on the desired outcome. The theory of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) is an approach that can be extremely useful for students, managers, engineers of manufacturing companies, etc.
Sustainable Healthy Working Life for All Ages
The reprint "Sustainable Healthy Working Life for All Ages-Work Environment, Age Management and Employability" provide an outlet of research contributing to the development of theoretical and practical knowledge influencing people's working life. Working life is complex and there are many different factors that influence, such as the demographic change, pandemic and rapid technological development, etc., which place constantly changing demands on both employees, organizations/companies and society in different countries.This reprint covers new knowledge, as identified factors and areas that affect employees' ability to work to an older age, interventions and measures that enable a healthy and sustainable working life throughout the entire working life journey, from young to senior employees. The reprint also addresses the pressured work situation of school leaders in managing the education of children and young people in society, and what makes them stay or leave their jobs. In addition, the reprint addresses the way in which the Covid-19 pandemic has affected working life, not least for the health care professional groups and organizations.
Musculoskeletal Research
Musculoskeletal research deals with the effects of the orthopedic treatment of pathologies on the biomechanics of the affected areas and on the musculoskeletal system. Biomechanical measurement methods enable the quantitative determination of these influences and allow for an assessment of their extent and size for the patient (in vivo). The range of examination methods is particularly wide in this field of musculoskeletal research. On the one hand, in vitro examinations under laboratory conditions on simplified models, such as artificial bones or specimens from donors, will be implemented. With the help of these models, for example, new biomaterials or implants for the treatment of fractures are often examined for their primary stability or the influence of a joint replacement on the kinematics. In contrast to experimental in vitro studies, numerical methods will be increasingly applied to analyze a large number of implant configurations and loading scenarios. With the method of clinical motion analysis, a comprehensive view of the musculoskeletal system is performed directly in vivo on the patient. For example, it allows for the monitoring and control of therapeutic interventions. These are just a few examples from the field of musculoskeletal research and its methods. They all have the common goal of increasing patient safety. This Special Issue intends to provide the reader with an exciting overview of current research in the field of biomechanical investigations for the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases.
Catching Fire
For more than a generation, activists and advocacy organizations have been instrumental in agitating for women's health reforms in Ireland. Over the last decade, Irish activists have experienced a number of victories to improve women's health, most notably in 2018 when Ireland passed a referendum to repeal the Eighth amendment, a constitutional ban on abortion. After years of unfavorable laws for women and successive scandals in women's health, Ireland has taken transformative steps to redefine social norms surrounding women's health and reproduction. The case of Ireland's women's health reform offers important insight toward furthering the modern global movement for women's autonomy. Catching Fire narrates the rise of women's health activism in Ireland within a global reproductive justice framework, which aims to understand and dismantle the systems of social inequality that shape, oppress, and restrict reproductive rights and bodily autonomy. The volume focuses on attempts by Irish healthcare reformers and activists to improve Irish women's access to essential healthcare services and links key developments in Irish history to reproductive advocacy efforts in America and beyond. Chapters offer historical context behind the modern reproductive justice movement through case studies on women's health issues such as contraception, abortion, and childbirth in Ireland. Together, these case studies celebrate the ingenuity of Irish activists who personalized reproductive justice through the stories of ordinary women on social media and established the Republic of Ireland as a model for future activist movements. Reaching across groups and eras, Catching Fire highlights the underrecognized historical feminist movements supporting recent women's health activism and the enduring lessons for achieving greater gender equity around the globe.
Working in Public Health
This practical and accessible book maps out comprehensively the range of exciting and varied options open to those considering a career in public health. Uniquely, it provides helpful information on how to become either as a fully-fledged specialist or to work in an operational practitioner role.
Public and Community Health Services Requiring Greater Attention
Designed to support current standards and goals for the nursing profession, Public and Community Health Services Requiring Greater Attention provides readers with a view of health services that require an interprofessional team of healthcare providers and others who provide social and community services, while considering the social determinants of health, equity, diversity and disparities, population health, and vulnerable populations. The text examines the population health management (PHM) framework and provides examples of public health needs and services. Readers learn about the importance of community health improvement and various types of public and community health services, including ambulatory services, primary care, nurse-managed health centers, accountable care organizations, urgent care centers, community health centers, mobile health clinics, pharmacies, and more. The book underscores the interplay between public and community health services, social determinants of health, and health equity and disparity. The closing content focuses on local, state, and federal government involvement in public and community health services. Public and Community Health Services Requiring Greater Attention is part of the Cognella Series on Public and Community Health Nursing, a collection of concise, informative guides that explore critical topical areas, their nursing application, and their relationship to nursing practice.
Social cost-benefit analysis in Australia and New Zealand
All is not well with the evaluation of government programs and projects. Resources available to any society are limited. If governments are to increase the well-being of their citizens, they must be able to select and implement the socially most beneficial projects and policies. But many government agencies lack the expertise to carry out a cost-benefit analysis, or even to commission one. Commercial consultants, on the other hand, often have some analytical expertise, but are not immune from adopting approaches that accommodate the proclivities of their client agencies. In order to increase analytical rigour and methodological consistency, this publication urges the adoption of a 'belts and braces' set of protocols for use in project evaluation.
Preparing for the Next Global Outbreak
Medical experts on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic provide recommendations for governments, health agencies, and schools to prepare for the next outbreak. Another pandemic is coming. The type, severity, and spread are unknown, but governments, public health agencies, schools, and all other organizations must be prepared in order to minimize damage and save lives. We need to identify the lessons learned from our successes and failures during the COVID-19 pandemic to plan better for our future response.In Preparing for the Next Global Outbreak, David C. Pate, MD, JD, and Ted Epperly, MD, combine their decades of experience as doctors and health care leaders who have led their organizations through numerous public health challenges to create an extensive list of practical recommendations for a variety of organizations and agencies to better prepare for the next pandemic. They worked together in the fight against COVID-19 and the misinformation that devastated so many communities across the country. From the exam room to the public health board meeting room to the state capitol, Pate and Epperly use their expertise to craft 117 specific recommendations that organizations and governments can implement now in order to better prepare for the future. They divide these recommendations into checklists specific to different contexts: schools, hospitals, public health agencies, state governments, and the federal government. Public health officials, medical practitioners, state and local officials, school board members, disaster management leaders, and anyone with a stake in preparing their communities against future outbreaks will benefit from the recommendations Pate and Epperly outline.This is the first book to apply lessons learned in real time during a pandemic while chronicling which responses did and did not work and why. The authors examine the global, national, and local responses to COVID-19 and illustrate how we can learn from the mistakes of this pandemic so as not to repeat them during the next.
The Official TCM Review Seminar's Textbook for the Pan Canadian Written Exam
TCM Review Seminar's Official Course Book for the Pan Canadian Exam is the course companion guide for the TCM Review Written Exam course. This book covers detailed information on Foundations, Diagnosis, and Acupuncture subjects covered on the exam.
Body Art
Body art, especially tattoos and piercings, has enjoyed an explosion of interest in recent years. However, the response of many health professionals and researchers to this phenomenon is often negative, as body art continues to be associated with issues ranging from ill mental health to offending behaviors. Arguing for a reappraisal of the diverse range of practices that fall under this heading, Brian Brown and Virginia Kuulei Berndt reconsider body art as an underappreciated yet accessible source for mental and physical wellbeing. How, they ask, does body art open up new sources of community, sociality, and aesthetics? How is it used for the reclamation of one's body, as a marker of success or accomplishment, or for building friendships? How does participation in these practices impact the health and wellbeing of body artists themselves? Providing a radical rethink that integrates tattoos and other body modifications within health, wellbeing, and positive psychology, Body Art disrupts the narrative of stigmatisation that so often surrounds these practices to welcome a broader discussion of the benefits they can offer.
Research Oriented Medical Education - The Essentials
Creative minds are evenly distributed irrespective of caste, creed or geography. However, research, the mother of innovations, is highly neglected, especially in the developing nations, where young minds are often knowledge-starved and hardly exposed to current research culture. The ROME (Research Oriented Medical Education), is a mobile, short duration, in-study program of mobile research workshops on advanced medical and biomedical topics, hosted in medical colleges all over India, developed by the Moving Academy of Medicine and Biomedicine, Pune, India. The topics covered are clinically oriented such as study designs, biostatistics, ethics and application of information technology in medical research, as well as commonly used immunology, protein and nucleic acid technologies. The book, which is based on ROME, is aimed at promoting research culture in young creative minds.About the Authors: Dr. Madhav G. Deo. MD, PhD, FNA. FASc, FNASc, FAMSPresident, Moving Academy of Medicine and Biomedicine, Pune, IndiaDirector, Cancer Research Institute, Tata Memorial Center, Mumbai (Retired)Professor of Pathology (Past), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, IndiaDr. Renu Bharadwaj MDConsultant Microbiologist; Professor & Head Department of Microbiology (Retired); B. J. Medical College, Pune, India; Past President Indian Association of Medical Microbiology; Section Editor International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents; Editorial Board Member BMC Infectious Disease; Editorial Board Member Indian Journal of Medical MicrobiologyDr. Rita Mulherkar PhD, FNASc.Professor; Cancer Molecular Biologist (Retired), Cancer Research Institute, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India; pioneering work in gene therapy of oral cancer; Editorial Board Member Human Gene Therapy
Uses of Fuel Efficient Stoves to improve Health Conditions of Women and Children in Ethiopia
Document from the year 2022 in the subject Health - Public Health, language: English, abstract: This research report aimed at identifying the problem that women and girls/children encounter during collection of much biomass fire wood and face health risk at indoor activities when cooking. The research gives awareness for the community to use fuel saving stove that minimize fuel and reduce smoke that hazard their health. Many house hold from the district town and rural people knows nothing about fuel saving stove/FSS/ and are not using it in their home. They use traditional three stone fire or open fire for cooking, heating and lighting their houses. In a traditional open fire, three stones are placed in a triangular pattern on the ground, with the cooking pots resting on the stones directly above the fire. The open flame and lack of chimney or combustion chamber make this cooking fire inherently energy-inefficient. Rural women/ girls are consuming their time, energy their efforts in gathering fire wood from forest which is far from their home. As a result of this they don't have time for education, if they are student they don't have time for studying since they are responsible for role of cooking food in the household. When we compare boys with girl in the same house, girls role in household is much more tedious than the boy. Women/girls are exposed to sexual assault, rape, and kidnaps when they are going to collect firewood in the forest by men. As a result of this they are morally, physically and Psychologically harmed and their well-being will be affected.
Non-invasive Medical Devices for Detection and Monitoring within Healthcare
Biosensors, especially non-invasive ones, are an area of extreme importance and fantastic advancements. As nanotechnology continually becomes more and more refined, its applications in a multitude of areas also grow. One area that has seen an explosion of innovations is healthcare. Such biosensors have allowed for the diagnosis, monitoring, and even treatment of a myriad of different disease states. This reprint highlights many of the past, current, and potential future advancements.
Fundamentals of Epidemiology
Fundamentals of Epidemiology is a foundational resource that equips students with a strong understanding of both the principles and real-world applications of the science of public health. Its applied approach, demonstrating epidemiological concepts in action in a variety of different settings, uniquely prepares students for the challenges and exciting opportunities of this dynamic field. This engaging textbook cultivates a strong knowledge base through an explanation of the history of epidemiology and its core concepts, while providing a framework for critical thinking about public health topics. Other foundational concepts are then described and explored in the context of the real world, including descriptive epidemiology and surveillance, analytic epidemiology, study designs, effect measure modification, systematic and random error, and data analysis and modeling. Building from chapter to chapter, the textbook reinforces key concepts and their applications to the field while also confronting head-on many common mistakes that new learners of epidemiology make. This textbook incorporates thoughtful public health examples, scenarios, and descriptions that foster the investigative mindset and problem-solving approach that is needed in epidemiology. With abundant illustrations, historical vignettes, case examples, and practice problems covering topics such as social determinants of health, infectious disease, applications of epidemiology to policy and more, this inviting textbook prepares students to think like an epidemiologist, equipping them with the fundamentals essential for careers in public health, medicine, nursing, and other health professions. Purchase includes online access via most mobile devices or computers Key Features Provides a more logical sequence for learning epidemiology, with iterative learning strategies aimed at reinforcing key concepts Includes an in-depth focus on surveillance and descriptive epidemiology Discusses causality, counterfactual thinking, and exchangeability at a level appropriate for new learners of epidemiology Provides problem-based learning examples that encompass diverse settings and populations, and links to other health disciplines (health policy, health economics, behavioral sciences, environmental health) Presents visuals in a consistent manner to foster a sound understanding of the core epidemiological principles Qualified instructors also have access to a full suite of instructor resources
Life Cycle Nutrition for Public Health Professionals
Life Cycle Nutrition for Public Health Professionals is the first textbook using a public health approach and population-focused lens to explore nutrition across each life cycle phase. It provides the basic principles of normal nutrition across each developmental phase in the life course, along with the foundational knowledge of key determinants, challenges, and outcomes among communities and populations within each nutrition phase. Using the Public Health 3.0 framework as a guide, the text illustrates how evidence-based public health nutrition programs can improve individual and population health. This comprehensive text contains chapters spanning every major life cycle phase-from preconception and pregnancy through older adulthood. It covers optimal growth and development, health promotion and prevention topics, public health nutrition issues, social determinants of health, and examples of evidence-based public health nutrition programs and policies in the United States and around the globe. Major public health nutrition themes found in life cycle phases are discussed, including food security, life stage issues in vulnerable populations, maternal and child health, childhood obesity, chronic disease prevention, optimal aging, public health nutrition emergency management, issues related to health communication and health education, as well as economic impacts of poor public health nutrition. With a strong emphasis on evidence-based practice and cultural competencies, and featuring case studies, discussion questions, and learning activities in each chapter, Life Cycle Nutrition for Public Health Professionals is a unique, engaging, and essential resource. Key Features: Presents life cycle nutrition through a public health and social-ecological lens Emphasizes professional, evidence-based approaches to problem-solving in the field with a Public Health 3.0 focus Highlights real-world examples of effective public health interventions with engaging case studies, "What Works" sections, and Resources for Further Learning Integrates the social determinants of health and their impact on racial and ethnic health disparities throughout each chapter Purchase includes digital access for use on most mobile devices or computers, and qualified instructors also have access to a full suite of instructor resources
Optigal's Q & A for the NOCE
A compliment to the Introduction to Basic Optical Principles: National Opticianry Certification Exam Basic Certification manual, this book contains 500 questions to help you pass the exam. Written in the same format as the exam itself, the question and answer guide will help you be confident and comfortable come test day.
IMMUNIZATION IN PRACTICE Facts & FAQs
Key Points Present book aims to provide state-of-the-art knowledge in a simple and concise format with - -Information updated as per current National immunization schedule and 2020-21 guidelines of Indian Academy of Pediatrics; -FAQs section in each chapter to address vaccine-specific and child-specific issues; -Appendix titled "Vaccines at a glance" at the end for quick reference; -Chapter on Covid-19 vaccines with comprehensive information updated till August 2021; -Chapter on safe immunization practices, including sections on Immunization counseling, and tit-bits to minimize vaccination-related pain & anxiety.
Palliative Treatment for Advanced Cancer Patients
This book presents an important reflection on the concept and limits of the Fundamental Right to Health as opposed to a supposed "Right to Hope" in the context of the treatment of patients with advanced cancer. The central idea of the work is the question of whether and to what extent patients with advanced cancer have the right to legally demand a palliative treatment whose efficacy has not been proven from the point of view of the desired objectives. The book demonstrates how hope cannot be subject to legal protection and, also, that, even if theoretical-legal reasons were not sufficient for the absence of an abstract right to hope, ethical reasons would be. The work concludes that the best palliative care, rather than palliative treatment, guarantees the best right to health for advanced cancer patients, especially in terminal cases.In addition to this theoretical discussion, the book also presents the results of a qualitative research the author conducted with 48 advancedcancer patients in Brazil and Germany to investigate their expectations towards chemotherapy. This study has confirmed that many patients decide to undergo often toxic and exhausting treatments, unrealistically believing that their cancer is curable or that, as long as they continue with a course of chemotherapy, cancer may be beaten. Palliative Treatment for Advanced Cancer Patients: Can Hope Be a Right? will be of interest to health professionals and social workers working with advanced cancer patients, as well as to researchers in the fields of public health, bioethics, medical ethics and health law, especially those interested in the growing interdisciplinary field of end-of-life decision-making.
Air Pollution and Climate Change
Achieving carbon neutral development will involve a roughly 40-year-long structural transformation, especially in developing and emerging economies, where most people exposed to poor air quality live. In the meantime, 6+"7 million people die each year by breathing polluted air. But does climate action always lead to better air quality? Likewise, do air pollution policies always lead to cooler climate? The answers are not always clear. For example, while short-lived climate pollutants contribute to air pollution, some important air pollutants cool the climate with equal countervailing force. Retrofitting coal-fired power plants with modern air pollution filters can quickly reduce most air pollution but slightly increases carbon emissions. In the absence of effective carbon pricing, this can also lock in carbon-intensive installations for decades. On the other hand, putting a price on carbon in the absence of effective air quality policies can encourage firms to switch off air pollution filters. Carbon pricing can also push lower-income households to use biomass and waste instead of gas, electricity, or district heating for cooking and heating, increasing population exposure to air pollution. These tensions do not justify inaction on any of these major market failures. But neither of these environmental problems can be solved effectively by pursuing one-sided environmental policy. This report brings much needed realism to climate and air pollution debate. It analyzes international experience to identify effective pathways to coherent policy packages that harness synergies and manage inevitable tensions between climate mitigation and air-quality management. It helps decision makers prioritize pollutants and emission sources and implement regulations that will encourage economic actors to implement technical and behavioral measures in a way that quickly saves people's lives while navigating the longer journey to a low-carbon future.
Law Enforcement and Public Health
The expanding remit of policing as a fundamental part of the public health continuum is increasingly acknowledged on the international scene. Similarly the growing role of health professionals as brokers of public safety means that the need for scholarly resources for developing knowledge and broadening theoretical positioning and questioning is becoming urgent and crucial. The fields of law enforcement and public health are beginning to understand the inextricable links between public safety and public health and the need to shift policies and practices towards more integrated practices. This book comes as a first, an utterly timely scholarly collection that brings together the views of multidisciplinary commentators on a wide range of issues and disciplines within the law enforcement and public health (LEPH) arena. The book addresses the more conceptual aspects of the relationship as well as more applied fields of collaboration, and the authors describe and analyze a range of service delivery examples taken from real-life instances of partnerships in action. Among the topics covered: ​Defund, Dismantle or Define Law Enforcement, Public Health, and Vulnerability Law Enforcement and Mental Health: The Missing Middle The Challenges of Sustaining Partnerships and the Diversification of Cultures Using Public Health Concepts and Metrics to Guide Policing Strategy and Practice Policing PandemicsLaw Enforcement and Public Health: Partners for Community Safety and Wellbeing is essential reading for a wide array of professions and areas of expertise in the intersectoral field of LEPH. It is an indispensable resource for public health and law enforcement specialists (practitioners, educators, scholars, and researchers) and training programs across the world, as well as individuals interested in developing their knowledge and capacity to respond to complex LEPH issues in the field, including public prosecutors, coroners, and the judiciary. The text also can be used for undergraduate and postgraduate university policing, criminology, sociology, psychology, social work, public health, and medicine programs.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Electronic Cigarettes
Electronic cigarettes (ECs) have been present on the consumer market for over a decade, and the number of related scientific publications in the PubMed database has now exceeded seven thousand. Despite the number of publications, there is still no consensus in the scientific community regarding their safety. However, it should be emphasized that a comparison of equivalent quantities of tobacco smoke and the aerosol produced from e-cigarettes showed that there was a significantly lower quantity of toxic compounds in the aerosol compared with the tobacco smoke. Therefore, the use of ECs could be seen as a way of reducing the health damage to cigarette smokers who cannot or are unwilling to quit using conventional methods. In addition, randomized studies are emerging suggesting that ECs could be useful in smoking cessation. On the other hand, ECs are now widely used among adolescents and may pose a serious risk of future nicotine dependence and health problems in this population, as they counteract their advantages in the population gained from smokers who quit using them. Therefore, as most authors stress, further research that will convincingly resolve the current controversies is needed. Clinicians urgently need evidence-based knowledge to better inform their patients about the use of these emerging tobacco products as a harm-reduction strategy, and regulators should regulate these products in ways that best serve public health, especially taking the youth population into account.
Promoting Healthy and Active Ageing
This book demonstrates the efficacy of a multidisciplinary intervention strategy for promoting active and healthy ageing, with the assistance of dedicated technological resources
But I Love Chicken
Chicken is a delicious mainstay that can be found on many menus worldwide. My family's at-home menu included it often, and I enjoyed every single bite.But I didn't know Chicken was biting me back.I didn't know that every delectable morsel that passed through my lips was going down into my digestive system and wreaking havoc on my body. The unfortunate reality for me is that the AB-type blood running through my veins finds NO benefit in this piece of poultry.Isn't it an inconvenient truth that some things that we love simply don't love us back?This is the story of how I broke up with Chicken.
Collapse and Resiliency
An insider account of how an African public health leader responded to an unprecedented Ebola outbreak. Tolbert Nyenswah, LLB, MPH, DrPH, was the assistant minister of health and deputy chief medical officer in Liberia when the 2014 Ebola epidemic struck. Nyenswah, the incident manager who led the response, became known as the "Ebola Czar" for his pivotal role in combating the epidemic despite his government's lack of resources. His story underscores the public health strategies that succeeded and those that failed, highlighting important lessons in managing current and future outbreaks. In Collapse and Resiliency, Nyenswah presents an insider's view of Liberia's response to the deadly Ebola epidemic. Nyenswah describes the fascinating journey from his childhood in a rural Liberian village to leading his country's response to the deadly outbreak, providing a deeply personal account of how the epidemic was finally controlled despite a depleted health care system. Prior to the Ebola epidemic, Liberia suffered from a protracted and ruthless civil war. Despite these challenges, Nyenswah and his team fostered a coordinated, community-based crisis response. Weaving together stories of effective and ineffective practices with the lived experiences that developed his skills to manage such a high-stress program, Nyenswah details how organizations worked together and what were the best public health methods to fight the spread of the disease. Unlike many books about Ebola in West Africa, Nyenswah provides both an expert account and a local voice. His story highlights the power imbalance during cooperative projects between western and nonwestern collaborators. In the only Ebola book written by a native African, the key strategist responsible for successfully ending the epidemic, Nyenswah reflects on the impacts of war and disease on the struggle to rebuild a more resilient health system and functioning society. As the world continues to reel from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, this look at a terrifying outbreak reminds us that a well-prepared public health system cannot be taken for granted.
Old and New Actors and Phenomena in the Three-M Processes of Life and Society
Over the last 50 years, people's lives and health have been increasingly defined and influenced across the life course and across levels of influence by different processes of medicalization and social control. Although medicalization is not a new concept, new actors, in addition to medical professionals and patients, and new phenomena, such as consumerism and human enhancement, influence the processes of the transformation of human conditions into medical problems today. This reprint integrates several articles that stimulate reflexivity on the use of the concept of medicalization. The articles selected for this reprint, written by research experts in their topic of interest, contribute to the discussion on the wide variety of ethical issues that arise from medicalization processes in areas ranging from medical research conduct to reproductive health. The reader will find a fertile space for theoretical and empirical reflection, where several social science researchers with different backgrounds share their research rigorously and innovatively.
Health Norms and the Governance of Global Development
This book maps the emergence of health in global development discourse and governance since 1990. It argues that health norms have emerged, diffused, and subsequently become internalised through the various direct and indirect negotiation processes that created the global development goals.Covid-19, Ebola, and HIV/AIDS are prime illustrations of the fact that health is supremely political. Governments - whether they are local, national, international, or multilateral - make decisions about their policy responses, coordinate their response, and channel the necessary resources. Such decisions are informed by local and global conditions as well as sets of values, norms, and standards that determine policy and interventions. As states and regions become more interconnected, the politics of health are increasingly relevant to the sustainable future envisioned by global governance. This book explains how considerations of global health have come to inform and infuse the United Nations development agenda. It identifies processes, actors, institutions, and interactions in global health by analysing two related case studies: the Millennium Development Goals and the Sustainable Development Goals. Providing an overview of, and insights about, the context of global development thinking and practice, the subtleties of global health, and global health governance, this book is an innovative contribution to the literature. It is suitable for students and scholars of global health, development studies, and international relations.
Contemporary Developments and Perspectives in International Health Security
The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed healthcare systems worldwide. Even as the world transitions out of the pandemic, numerous health threats remain, the biggest of which is climate change. This book examines both the virus and climate change in the context of international health security. It begins with chapters on the effect of COVID-19 on pregnancy and the perinatal period and its relationship to toxic stress. Subsequent chapters address climate change and its effects on human health and wellbeing, natural disaster frequency and severity, and occupational accidents.
Medical Terminology Simplified
A programmed learning + self-paced + body systems approach! Medical Terminology Simplified + Medical Language Lab (MLL) work together to create an immersive, multimedia experience that tracks each student's progress until they've mastered the language of medicine. A programmed, frame-based learning approach breaks must-know content into small, student-friendly sections to make the information easier to master. An access code inside new, printed textbooks unlocks an ebook as well as access to MLL. LEARN--Build a solid foundation with the text Frame by frame, exercise by exercise, this workbook/text explores each body system through major combining forms, a comprehensive pathology section, and medical records and evaluations, complemented by true-to-life artwork. Five Stars! Perfect."Everything I needed for my class! Easily able to follow once I understood the layout. I definitely recommend buying the book with the access code!"--Logan S. PRACTICE--Study smarter, not harder Based on proven language methodology, Medical Language Lab (MLL) guides students step by step from basic through advanced levels of proficiency to become confident medical language speakers. Students review what they've learned from the text and in class through activities and quizzes. New! Pronunciation exercises help students practice their speaking skills with instant, detailed feedback that breaks pronunciation down to the phoneme-level.New! Review sections use the results of module tests to identify the topic areas where students need to spend more time and provide practice activities for multiple learning styles. ASSESS--Build mastery. Attain fluency. Students and their instructors can monitor their progress through every MLL lesson and assignment to identify the areas where they're struggling.
But I Love Chicken
Chicken is a delicious mainstay that can be found on many menus worldwide. My family's at-home menu included it often, and I enjoyed every single bite.But I didn't know Chicken was biting me back.I didn't know that every delectable morsel that passed through my lips was going down into my digestive system and wreaking havoc on my body. The unfortunate reality for me is that the AB-type blood running through my veins finds NO benefit in this piece of poultry.Isn't it an inconvenient truth that some things that we love simply don't love us back?This is the story of how I broke up with Chicken.
Broadly Engaged Team Science in Clinical and Translational Research
Despite the large U.S. investment in health science, and the vast and growing body of peer-reviewed research findings it has produced, a compelling body of evidence suggests that research too often has been slow, inefficient, and fallen short of desired impacts on health. A key question is how research might be changed to be more innovative, less wasteful, and more responsive to unmet health needs. One emerging response within clinical and translational science is to advance an approach that attempts to close the gap between research scientists and key stakeholders; the individuals and groups responsible for or affected by health-related decisions. Broadly engaged team science promises to support this aim by transforming the gold standard, multi-disciplinary team science, to include key stakeholders in activities across the research spectrum. These new roles and responsibilities range from generating research questions to implementing research projects, to aiding in the translation of discoveries from the laboratory to the community. A transition to broadly engaged team science reflects the idea that inclusivity and a diversity of perspectives are necessary to achieving progress in addressing complex health issues while representing a new benchmark for ethical research practice. This is one of the first collections of papers describing how clinical and translational science researchers are defining and implementing new research practices, and the successes and challenges involved. This book represents a first and critical step towards organizing knowledge of broadly engaged team science and advancing the development of evidence-based practices. Written in an accessible style, this book is intended to highlight the breadth of broadly engaged team science within one community, motivate researchers and stakeholders to build inclusive teams, bring rigor to often informal stakeholder engagement research practices and encourage people to think more broadly about the development of scientific knowledge. It includes examples of multi-disciplinary, broadly engaged team science projects, the perspectives of academic leaders about the changes needed to encourage scientists to conduct broadly engaged team science, and a resource directory.
Consumerism in the Human Services
Enriches understanding of the role of consumerism in relation to practice and policy, within multiple domains of human services. Captures the diversification of consumerism in the human services. Examines specific strategies by means of a heuristic framework in order to shape social policy.
Crimmigration in the Age of COVID-19
In 2020-2022, much of the world was at risk for catching COVID-19. This reprint, "Crimmigration in the Age of COVID-19," contributes to understanding immigration during the pandemic. It engages a cross-national and interdisciplinary case-study approach to show how countries carved out exceptions to public health protocols for migrants. In the immigration context a variety of governments weaponized public health protocols to criminalize and exclude migrants. The Trump Administration sadistically misplayed the pandemic at almost every turn. Trump came to power on the backs of migrants, referring to them as murderers and rapists. The intersection of Trump's COVID-19 and migration policies carved out space for the exceptional dehumanization of migrants in 2020-21. This reprint documents the weaponization of public through crimmigration. Crimmigration is the criminalization of migration and migrants via state-of-the-art surveillance and militarized technologies. During the worst of COVID-19, crimmigration strategies--mandatory detention and harsh exclusions- exacerbated the risk of transmission among migrants. Policies not migrants were to blame here. The ostensibly public health related Title42 actually pushed migrants, already at great risk, into unregulated shantytowns controlled by Mexican drug cartels. Additionally, migrants contended with detention facilities, medium security prisons, that functioned as Petrie dishes for the disease.We hope this reprint contributes to understanding the intersection of public health and crimmigration, and border penologies during these exceptional times.
Challenges and Opportunities in Health Professions Education
This book addresses health professions educational challenges specific to non-Western cultures, implementing a shifting paradigm for educating future health professionals towards patient-centered care. While health professions education has received increasing attention in the last three decades, promoting student-centered learning principles pioneered by leaders in the medical community has, for the most part, remain rooted in the Western context. Building from Hofstede's analysis of the phenomena of cultural dimensions, which underpin the way people build and maintain their relationships with others and influence social, economic, and political well-being across nations, this book demarcates the different cultural dimensions between East and West, applied to medical education. The respective 'hierarchical' and 'collectivist' cultural dimensions are unpacked in several studies stemming from non-western countries, with the capacity to positively influence healthcare educationand services. The book provides new insights for researchers and health professional educators to understand how cultural context influences the input, processes, and output of health professionals' education. Examples include how cultural context influences the ways in which students respond to teachers, how teachers giving feedback to students, and the challenges of peer feedback and group work. The authors also examine causes for student hesitation in proposing ideas, the pervasive cultural norm of maintaining harmony, the challenges of teamwork in clinical settings, the need to be sensitive to community health needs, the complexity of clinical decision making, and the challenge of how collectivist cultural values play into group dynamics. This book aims to advocate a more culturally-sensitive approach to educating health professionals, and will be relevant to both students and practitioners in numerous areas of public health and medical education.
Seven Steps to Managing Your Aging Memory
FDA's approval of aducanumab has radically changed the world of Alzheimer's disease and you're going to need guidance regarding whether they should take it or not. This book conveys all the insight. As you age, you may find yourself worrying about your memory. Where did I put those car keys? What time was my appointment? What was her name again? With more than 41 million Americans over the age of 65 in the United States, the question becomes how much (or, perhaps, what type) of memory loss is to be expected as one gets older and what should trigger a visit to the doctor. Seven Steps to Managing Your Aging Memory addresses these key concerns and more, such as: - What are the signs that suggest your memory problems are more than just part of normal aging?- Is it normal to have concerns about your memory?- What are the markers of mild cognitive impairment, dementia, Alzheimer's, and other brain diseases?- How should you talk about your memory concerns to your doctor?- What should your doctor do to evaluate your memory?- Which healthcare professional(s) should you see?- What medicines, alternative therapies, diets, and exercises actually work to improve your memory?- Can crossword puzzles, computer brain-training games, memory aids, and strategies help strengthen your memory?- What other resources are available when dealing with memory loss? Seven Steps to Managing Your Aging Memory is written in an easy-to-read yet comprehensive style, featuring clinical vignettes and character-based stories that provide real-life examples of how to successfully manage memory loss.
Women and Global Health Leadership
Is the first edited volume to explore global health leadership with a gender lens and from a feminist perspectiveCompiles research evidence examining barriers and facilitators to women's global health leadership across five key sectorsShowcases the stories and experiences of women leaders across global health sectors, providing insight into their personal, professional, and political journeys to leadershipOffers pragmatic solutions to increasing women's representation in global health at the individual and institutional level
Managing Infodemics in the 21st Century
This open access book on infodemic management reviews the current discussions about this evolving area of public health from a variety of perspectives. Infodemic management is an evidence-based practice underpinned by the science of infodemiology that offers guidance to better manage pandemic and epidemic risks and more quickly tackle new and resurgent health threats. Infodemic management has added much visibility and recognition for the importance of social-behavioural sciences, health communication, participatory and human-centered approaches, and digital health as complementary scientific and practical approaches that also must be strengthened in public health practice through a whole-of-society and whole information ecosystem approach. This volume makes a case that health of the information ecosystem in the digital age has emerged as the fourth ecosystem that public health is challenged by, along with the triad of environment-human-animal health. The bookbrings together scientists and practitioners across disciplines to offer insights on infodemic management. The tools, methods, analytics, and interventions that they discuss in the context of acute health events also can be applied to other public health areas. Topics covered include: People's Experience of Information Overload and Its Impact on Infodemic HarmsSmart Health! Expanding the Need for New LiteraciesTo Debunk or Not to Debunk? Correcting (Mis)informationPartnering with Communities for Effective Management of Health Emergencies Managing Infodemics in the 21st Century is required reading for public health practitioners in need of an overview of this evolving field of practice that has made major scientific and practical leaps forward since early 2020. Global, regional, and local health authorities are increasingly recognizing the need to expand their capacities for infodemic management in their efforts to better prepare for future health emergencies. This book is the resource they need to build toward a mature infodemic management process. The text also can be used as supplemental reading for graduate programs and courses in public health.
Combined Nutrition and Exercise Interventions in Community Groups
Diet and physical activity are two key modifiable lifestyle factors that influence health across the lifespan (prevention and management of chronic diseases and reduction of the risk of premature death through several biological mechanisms). Community-based interventions contribute to public health, as they have the potential to reach high population-level impact, through the focus on groups that share a common culture or identity in their natural living environment. While the health benefits of a balanced diet and regular physical activity are commonly studied separately, interventions that combine these two lifestyle factors have the potential to induce greater benefits in community groups rather than strategies focusing only on one or the other. Thus, this Special Issue entitled "Combined Nutrition and Exercise Interventions in Community Groups" is comprised of manuscripts that highlight this combined approach (balanced diet and regular physical activity) in community settings. The contributors to this Special Issue are well-recognized professionals in complementary fields such as education, public health, nutrition, and exercise. This Special Issue highlights the latest research regarding combined nutrition and exercise interventions among different community groups and includes research articles developed through five continents (Africa, Asia, America, Europe and Oceania), as well as reviews and systematic reviews.
