New Insights into Suicide and Mental Health Conditions
The Reprint entitled "New Insights into Suicide and Mental Health Conditions" gathers cutting-edge research focused on the underlying neurobiology, clinical interventions, and methodological innovations addressing suicide and suicidal behavior in the context of mental health disorders. Suicide remains among the most urgent public-health challenges worldwide, and many individuals who die by suicide have longstanding psychiatric disorders, and yet face limited access to effective interventions. This Reprint highlights contributions that advance our understanding of etiological mechanisms, identify novel therapeutic approaches-including brain-based and neurophysiological interventions-and develop rigorous trial designs for use in high-risk populations. The scope spans pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, brain stimulation techniques, digital and biomarker-driven risk prediction, psychometric instrument validation for suicidality screening across diverse settings, and contextual factors shaping implementation of evidence-supported strategies. With an emphasis on bridging translational neuroscience and clinical practice, this compilation aims to accelerate progress in preventing suicidal ideation and behavior and to improve outcomes for individuals affected by severe mental health conditions.
Thyroid Disease
This Reprint presents novel developments in thyroid disease diagnosis and treatment, addressing both common and rare thyroid conditions. The collection emphasizes the evolution from traditional imaging-based assessments toward personalized, multi-parameter approaches that integrate patient demographics, molecular markers, and advanced technologies. Key contributions explore enhanced risk stratification methods for thyroid nodules, incorporating age, gender, and clinical variables alongside sonographic features to improve diagnostic precision. This Reprint examines shifting epidemiological patterns in thyroid cancer, revealing demographic changes and evolving disease presentations over the past two decades.Treatment innovations highlight refined radioiodine approaches for managing both benign goiter and differentiated thyroid cancer. Novel redifferentiation strategies targeting molecular pathways offer promising alternatives for patients with radioiodine-refractory disease. New developments in thyroid cancer biomarkers have resolved several longstanding analytical problems, with improved assays offering greater reliability and enhanced monitoring options. The Reprint also addresses specialized topics, encompassing pregnancy considerations in autoimmune thyroid disorders and surgical management strategies for uncommon conditions such as thyroid hormone resistance.
Recent Advances in Understanding Systemic Sclerosis
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex, multifaceted autoimmune disease characterized by vascular abnormalities, immune system dysregulation, and progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Despite significant strides in understanding the pathogenesis of SSc, it remains a challenging condition to diagnose and manage due to its heterogeneity and its variability in clinical manifestations.We are pleased to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge, treatment, and future perspectives of therapeutic approaches in this Special Issue.
Clinical Management of Audiological Disorders
Profound sensorineural hearing loss can be successfully treated with cochlear implants. In recent decades, great success has been achieved for these devices when used in quiet environments. However, cochlear implant users still face challenges in everyday communication. These include, for example, soft or distant speech, reverberation, interference of speech by sounds with different temporal characteristics, and varying numbers and locations of interfering signals.There are a variety of approaches to address this challenge, including digital signal processing algorithms, bilateral and bimodal provision, etc. Furthermore, research methods utilized to study this topic include, e.g., psycho-acoustics, speech audiometry, electrophysiology, virtual acoustics, data-logging, and questionnaires.
Crosstalk Between Autophagy and Oxidative Stress
Autophagy, a fundamental cellular mechanism, plays a pivotal role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by facilitating the removal of damaged organelles and proteins. Autophagy can be activated in response to various stressors, such as nutrient deprivation, hypoxia, drugs, and virus-mediated infections. More and more evidence in recent years indicates that autophagy is a crucial mediator in the regulation of oxidative stress response.We have provided a comprehensive platform for researchers to delve into the cross-regulation between autophagy and oxidative stress. Topics will encompass the molecular mechanisms governing this crosstalk, its impact on cellular functions, and the implications for various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and metabolic diseases.
Indian Pharmacy Laws
"Indian Pharmacy Laws: Foundations and Applications" is a seminal work that provides a unified and structured approach to understanding the intricate web of laws and regulations governing the pharmaceutical industry in India. The authors have carefully crafted each chapter to provide not only theoretical knowledge but also practical applications, using case studies, real-world examples, and detailed explanations to make the guide comprehensive and useful. The book covers a wide range of topics, including laws related to the manufacture, licensing, import, export, and sale of medicines, as well as emerging trends, global harmonization efforts, and the impact of evolving technologies and regulations on the industry. By bringing together all relevant topics under one roof, this book aims to empower its readers with the knowledge needed to succeed in the dynamic and highly regulated field of pharmaceuticals in India.
Documentation and Pharmaceutical Regulatory Writing for Students and Practitioners
"Documentation and Pharmaceutical Regulatory Writing for Students and Practitioners" is an exhaustive resource that aims to bridge the gap between academic curricula and industry requirements in the pharmaceutical domain. The book is carefully crafted to serve as a comprehensive guide for students, academicians, and professionals seeking to master the intricacies of regulatory writing and documentation practices. It provides a thorough understanding of the key aspects of documentation, including regulatory dossiers, SOPs, validation protocols, and clinical trial documentation, as well as international regulatory guidelines from the FDA, EMA, and ICH. The book also places special emphasis on practical aspects, incorporating real-world examples, case studies, and checklists to provide a hands-on learning experience and facilitate application in professional scenarios.
New Strategies in Preventing Inflammatory and/or Oxidative Stress-Induced Damages in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, 2nd Edition
This Reprint compiles recent advances in the understanding and prevention of ischemia-reperfusion injury, a major challenge in modern medicine affecting organs such as the brain, heart, liver, kidney, and lung. This collection highlights the complex interplay between oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic imbalance, offering a comprehensive view of current experimental and translational strategies aimed at reducing tissue damage after reperfusion.The contributions in this Reprint explore novel antioxidant and anti-inflammatory approaches, ranging from natural compounds and molecular inhibitors to metabolic interventions and epigenetic modulation. Studies include the use of marine bioactive extracts, the modulation of redox-sensitive signaling pathways, extracellular vesicle-mediated protection, microRNA targeting, intermittent fasting, and complement inhibition.Together, these studies illustrate a paradigm shift from isolated antioxidant therapies toward integrated, multimodal strategies that combine redox control with immune and metabolic regulation. This Reprint provides valuable insights for researchers and clinicians seeking innovative approaches to mitigate ischemia-reperfusion injury across different organ systems and experimental models.
Advanced Image Processing and Computer Vision
Advanced image processing (AIP) and computer vision (CV) remain dynamic and rapidly evolving research areas that drive innovation across a wide range of real-world applications. AI has become a fundamental enabler of AIP and CV, enhancing their capabilities and expanding their impact in multiple domains. While current AI-based algorithms have achieved impressive results through data-driven approaches, many challenges persist, particularly when dealing with limited or low-quality data. These limitations highlight the need for novel methods that are capable of improving accuracy, robustness, and adaptability in complex environments.This Reprint brings together original research articles, comprehensive reviews, and in-depth technical studies focused on the development and application of innovative AI-based algorithms for AIP and CV. It emphasizes emerging approaches that address data scarcity, optimize performance in critical settings, and align with human-centric principles, including ethical and fair AI. Although special attention is given to medical and healthcare applications, the Reprint also reflects the broader relevance of these technologies across agriculture, environmental monitoring, and other applied fields.
Dental Materials
In recent years, the dental landscape has witnessed a dynamic transformation driven by digital technology and the rapid evolution of the dental industry. This transformation has given rise to the development and introduction of new materials across various dental disciplines, including prosthesis, restorative dentistry, endodontics, implantology, and orthodontics. Regrettably, this surge in productivity has not always been paralleled by robust scientific research, resulting in clinicians encountering materials that may not necessarily outperform their predecessors. Consequently, there is a pressing need for further studies to establish substantial evidence for the efficacy of recently introduced dental materials.Under this backdrop, this reprint includes high-quality research articles, clinical studies, review articles, and case reports that delve into the latest advances and prospects of dental materials, spanning all fields of dentistry.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic inflammatory intestinal conditions of unknown cause. The main types are Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Diagnosis typically involves clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, and endoscopic features, along with radiological exams like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) enterography, which are crucial for diagnosing and staging CD. CT is effective for evaluating disease activity and complications, such as fistulas and strictures, particularly in acute cases. However, MRI has increasingly replaced CT due to its comparable sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in diagnosing CD and assessing disease activity without radiation exposure. IBDs require ongoing treatment to manage inflammation and prevent progression. The therapeutic options have expanded significantly with advanced therapies, including biological treatments and small molecules. Nevertheless, surgery remains necessary for complications like abscesses, fistulas, perforation, and strictures, which occur in 48%-52% of CD patients within five years, or for diseases that do not respond to medication. Regular monitoring and therapy adjustments are essential to assess treatment response and identify those needing surgery. This reprint provides information on clinical, diagnostic, and treatment methods for IBDs.
Cardiovascular Disease and Hemodialysis
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing chronic dialysis treatments. The persistently elevated mortality rates in this population reflect not only the complexity of cardiovascular disease pathogenesis in uremia but also the inadequacy of current preventive and therapeutic strategies. Beyond the clinical implications, this burden carries significant economic consequences for healthcare systems. These unique pathogenic mechanisms demand focused research efforts and tailored interventions to improve outcomes in this vulnerable population."Cardiovascular Disease and Hemodialysis" brings together original clinical research that deepens our understanding of the multifaceted cardiovascular burden in this population. The selected studies provide important insights into risk stratification, predictive biomarkers, treatment outcomes, and the pathophysiology of CVD in HD patients.
Ophthalmology
This reprint is a collection of articles originally published in the Special Issue "Ophthalmology: New Diagnostic and Treatment Approaches", including nine original peer-reviewed articles and an accompanying editorial. We hope that this reprint will serve as a useful resource for practicing ophthalmologists, vision scientists, and students in training.
Management of Dyslipidaemias
Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death worldwide, with low-density lipoproteins and other atherogenic lipoproteins, such as lipoprotein remnants, playing a key role in the development of atherosclerosis. Beyond LDL cholesterol, the identification of biological, environmental, and genetic markers associated with remnant metabolism has improved cardiovascular risk prediction and informed treatment strategies. This Reprint examines rare and severe lipid disorders, including homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, refractory hypercholesterolemia, and severe hypertriglyceridemia, which continue to present major therapeutic challenges despite maximally tolerated lipid-lowering therapies. It also highlights the rapid development of novel inhibitors such as PCSK9, ANGPTL3, and APOC3, as well as emerging therapies derived from new mechanistic pathways. In addition, the link between metabolic conditions such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and cardiovascular events is explored. Collectively, the articles in this Reprint provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of current advances, ongoing challenges, and future perspectives in lipid modification and cardiovascular risk management.
Fractional Mathematical Modelling
This Reprint presents recent advances in fractional calculus, organized into three main themes: theoretical developments, methodological advances, and applications. Theoretical contributions examine two forms of the Riemann-Liouville derivative and their impact on solution structures, and introduce anomalous diffusion models based on regularized general fractional derivatives with Sonin kernels. Methodological studies focus on improved analytical and numerical approaches, including the optimal q-Homotopy Analysis Method, iterative and perturbation techniques for nonlinear equations, and applications of the fractional differential quadrature method to nonlinear and high-dimensional systems. Applications demonstrate the breadth of fractional modeling, covering fuzzy systems and controllability, fractional-order boost converters, viscoelastic dampers, ZnO nanostructures, solar-cell charge dynamics, and personalized fractional-order controllers for anaesthesia. Together, these works highlight how fractional calculus continues to advance through theoretical developments, methodological advances, and practical applications across science, engineering, and medicine.
T.R.I.B.E (Touch Requires Integrity and Boldness Effortlessly)
As a massage therapist, touch is not just a technique but a fundamental aspect of the healing process. Through touch, therapists establish a connection with their clients that goes beyond words. It communicates empathy, understanding, and care, creating a safe space for relaxation and healing.Touch has a profound impact on both the physical and emotional well-being of individuals. Physically, massage therapy can relieve muscle tension, improve circulation, and promote overall relaxation. It can also alleviate chronic pain and enhance flexibility and range of motion.Beyond the physical benefits, touch has a significant impact on mental and emotional health. It can reduce stress and anxiety levels, promote feelings of comfort and security, and even elevate mood by triggering the release of endorphins, the body's natural feel-good hormones.For many clients, the touch provided by a massage therapist is a rare opportunity for human connection in an increasingly digitized world. It's a reminder of our shared humanity and the importance of nurturing relationships. In this way, massage therapy becomes not just a treatment for physical ailments but a holistic practice that addresses the interconnectedness of mind, body, and spirit.Ultimately, as a massage therapist, recognizing the importance of touch means understanding its power to heal and transform lives, one comforting embrace or soothing stroke at a time.
Toxicity and Human Health Assessment of Air Pollutants
Air pollution has been shown to be responsible for the morbidity and mortality of a variety of major diseases. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that almost the whole global population breathes air that exceeds WHO guidelines and contains high levels of pollutants. To date, however, the key constituents of air pollution which impact health and the potential mechanisms remain largely unstudied. In addition, comprehensive assessments of evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies, high-quality cohort studies, and high-resolution model simulations of health impacts are still substantially sparse. Hence, assessing the health risks, identifying the toxic effects, and elucidating the underlying mechanisms are of great importance. This Reprint aims to understand the mechanisms of the health effects caused by air pollution and ensure accurate exposure assessments around ambient environments and inside human bodies, including a range of approaches-from epidemiological cohorts and toxicological studies-to elucidate the linkage between air pollutant exposure and the mechanisms related to health effects. The articles published in this Special Issue can be categorized into four main research directions: elucidating underlying toxicity mechanisms, identifying critical exposure windows and vulnerable populations in epidemiological studies, exploring the impact on postoperative populations, and estimating the association between air pollutant exposure and health effects.
Newborn Screening for Congenital Hypothyroidism
Newborn screening (NBS) for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) began in the 1970s and has prevented countless cases of intellectual disability through early detection and treatment. Yet, nearly 70% of newborns worldwide still lack access to CH screening. Despite over fifty years of experience, important questions remain about screening algorithms, genetic causes, and optimal follow-up care. This Special Issue reprint of the International Journal of Neonatal Screening brings together contributions from ten countries, addressing topics such as testing strategies, screening in low- and middle-income countries, premature infants, and rare or central forms of CH. Together, these papers highlight global progress in CH screening and the continuing need to expand access and refine practice to ensure every newborn benefits from early diagnosis and treatment.
Risk Factors and Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases
This compilation, originating from the Special Issue "Risk Factors and Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases", presents a collection of recent research articles as well as reviews and meta-analyses focusing on the assessment of cardiovascular risk factors and original approaches to preventive action. This is important, as cardiovascular diseases still remain the leading causes of premature mortality worldwide, representing the most common non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The comprehensive discussion of the bench-to-bedside approach conducted herein enables us to understand the importance of various experiments in medicine, including laboratory and biochemical tests identifying values such as albumin and aldosterone concentrations, in addition to the significance of imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance, as powerful diagnostic tools for cardiovascular diseases. Readers will encounter numerous interesting explorations into the influence of obesity, hypertension, sedimentary lifestyles, smoking habits, and physical exercise on health status. Studies in this collection evaluate the role of pre-workout supplements in cardiovascular heath, reviewing the current knowledge regarding their effectiveness. Moreover, the divergencies in cardiovascular risk factors based on ethnicity are also discussed.Eventually, this volume may serve as a source of ideas for primary and secondary prevention techniques, playing a role in diminishing the mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, addressing the issues of treatment adherence and compliance in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases is of great value.
Marine Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Agents, 4th Edition
Inflammation is a natural biological response to harmful stimuli like pathogens, injuries, or environmental stressors. However, when this response becomes chronic-often due to modern lifestyle factors like poor diet-it can lead to "lifestyle diseases". A wide range of chronic conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, neurodegenerative, and autoimmune diseases, are now linked to inflammation. These conditions often involve oxidative stress, a harmful state caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) and the body's antioxidant defenses. Oxidative stress can further drive inflammation, creating a damaging cycle.The rising prevalence of chronic inflammatory disease has sparked interest in natural compounds with both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Marine organisms have emerged as a promising source of such bioactive compounds. From marine plants, algae, and fish to invertebrates like sea cucumbers, sponges, and soft corals and microorganisms such as fungi, microalgae, and archaea, these ocean lifeforms produce a wide array of therapeutic compounds. Given the growing scientific and therapeutic interest in marine bioactive compounds, we are pleased to launch the fourth edition of the Special Issue "Marine Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Agents."
Native American Herbalist's Bible
Do you feel that modern medicines are stripping vitality and energy from your body?Do you feel that the only effect of common medications is side effects?If you answered YES, keep on reading!Nowadays, people are addicted to common medications for many health causes, and this has led to dependence on those drugs and all the side effects it brings... side effects that are often worse than the health problem itself.It's a vicious cycle that's hard to get out of since society encourages the use of chemical medicines produced by pharmaceutical companies for almost any health problem, even minor ones.But if you are here, it's because you want to change this situation, and you know that there is a more effective and natural alternative.Thanks to the Native Americans' wisdom, we have the chance to prepare natural remedies at home for any common health problem without the use of any tool that is not found in everyone's kitchens. Here's what you will learn from this 13-in-1 encyclopediaHow to master Native American healing fundamentals to improve the health of body, mind, and spirit. You'll discover all the benefits of Native American natural remedies.How spirituality helps the body's healing of common health problems. Religion, rituals, ceremonies, and dances were an important part of the healing process in Native American tradition.How to recognize hundreds of healing herbs The best methods to get medical herbs, whether you want to buy them, grow them in your garden, or search in the wildA ton of natural remedies, with easy-to-follow directions, to naturally treat all the most common diseases or improve your well-being.A ton of natural remedies, with easy-to-follow directions, to naturally treat all the most common diseases naturally or just improve your well-being.The most effective remedies for your children to get them used to natural remedies and never become dependent on chemical medications.The best everyday remedies, ready in no time, for treating your beauty, home care, and even your pets....And much moreThanks to this easy-to-follow guide, with straightforward directions, even if you have never prepared anything beyond a tea, you will be able to prepare very effective natural remedies for yourself and your family and finally say goodbye to common medicinesAre you ready to get back to a life full of energy and vitality?Don't wait any longer...Click the BUY NOW button, and grab your copy now!!
Design and Synthesis of Novel Antibiotics
The increasing resistance of microorganisms to currently available antimicrobial agents represents a serious and growing global health concern. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) arises naturally over time, driven by selective pressure associated with the extensive use of antimicrobial compounds. Genetic mutations and adaptive mechanisms allow sensitive microorganisms to acquire resistance, with bacterial pathogens showing particularly alarming trends-especially the rapid emergence and dissemination of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) strains.This phenomenon is exacerbated by the widespread use of antibiotics in clinical therapy, agriculture, and the food industry, contributing to the environmental accumulation of antimicrobial residues and further promoting resistance. As a result, there is an urgent need to develop novel antibiotics with alternative mechanisms of action and improved safety profiles.This Reprint presents recent advances in the design, chemical synthesis, and structural characterization of new antimicrobial agents. Emphasis is placed on the evaluation of their biological activity and cytotoxicity. The Special Issue includes both original research articles and review papers, offering valuable insights into current strategies aimed at overcoming antimicrobial resistance.
10th Anniversary of Biomedicines
Advances in Multiple Sclerosis celebrates the 10th anniversary of Biomedicines. This Special Issue is a collection of remarkable papers addressing, among others, genetic markers, the multifactorial etiology of MS, the inflammatory contribution of the tertiary lymphoid structures, T-cell receptors, neurogenic bladder dynamics, and health disparities among minorities in the US. This collection constitutes an excellent source of information for interested MS researchers and professionals.
Recent Advances in Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity
Acetaminophen (paracetamol, APAP) is one of the most consumed analgesic and anti-pyretic drugs in the world. Generally considered safe at therapeutic doses, intentional or unintentional overdosing can cause severe liver injury and even acute liver failure. In Western countries, APAP is responsible for thousands of hospitalizations annually and is the major cause of acute liver failure. Since the establishment of the clinically relevant mouse model in 1973, numerous studies investigating the mechanism of APAP-induced liver injury have been published. Based on early mechanistic insight, the current standard of care, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), was developed. Although NAC is still the only clinically approved antidote available, additional mechanistic insight led to the discovery of promising new drugs, such as fomepizole, which, based on the solid understanding of its mechanism of action and proven safety profile, is under clinical development. Further drugs or compounds with various modes of action are also under consideration as future antidotes. In addition to the intracellular mechanisms of injury, the inflammatory response, which can aggravate the injury or promote regeneration and recovery, is another focus of research. However, no viable drug candidates promoting regeneration have been identified. This Special Issue is aimed at providing selected contributions on advances in the mechanistic understanding of APAP-induced liver injury and the regeneration and identification of new therapeutic targets and interventions.
Geriatric Fracture
This Reprint collates recent advances in the field of geriatric trauma, with a particular focus on the surgical and nonsurgical management of fractures in older adults. As populations age worldwide, the incidence of fragility fractures and the complexity of care for frail and multimorbid patients continue to increase. Contributors to this Reprint examine current practices in trauma and orthopedic surgery, the role of multidisciplinary care, and the challenges of optimizing outcomes while balancing risks of complications.Topics covered include innovations in fracture management, perioperative decision-making, management of comorbidities, strategies for prevention of secondary fractures, and emerging approaches in frailty and osteoporosis care. By combining perspectives from geriatric medicine, trauma surgery, orthopedic surgery, and rehabilitation, the Reprint highlights the importance of integrated care pathways that improve recovery and quality of life for older adults.This collection is intended for clinicians, researchers, and policy makers interested in the evolving landscape of geriatric trauma care. It offers both clinical insights and a foundation for further research aimed at strengthening evidence-based and patient-centered approaches in this growing field.
Liver Fibrosis
Fibrosis is a double-edged sword. On one hand, it can be the final stage of healed inflammation as scar tissue. On the other hand, it is often linked to a decrease in organ function or complete organ failure. Additionally, in liver disease, fibrosis serves as an indicator of disease progression towards liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. This is particularly true for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, a widespread disorder associated with Western lifestyles and diets. To interfere with organ fibrosis, it is crucial to have a better understanding of its initiation, perpetuation, and resolution at the molecular level. The development of liver fibrosis can be caused by metabolic factors (such as alcohol, diet, and drugs), infections (such as viruses), autoimmune conditions (like primary biliary cholangitis), or genetic abnormalities (such as increased iron storage). The molecular pathways that lead to advanced fibrosis vary depending on the underlying cause. The goal of this Special Issue is to dissect these processes and provide more clarity on the subject.
Extracellular Vesicles and Exosomes as Therapeutic Agents
This reprint aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and exosomes (EXs), with an emphasis on recent developments in their engineering and medical applications. Genetic engineering and chemical modifications of EXs, combinatorial methods-such as hybrid nanoparticles-large-scale EX production, and the potential of EXs derived from plants and milk as drug delivery vehicles comprise recent advancements in therapeutic applications. The research presented in this reprint examines the antimicrobial properties, regenerative potential in spinal cord injuries, and maternal-fetal communication functions of EXs. The literature highlights the dual role of EXs in Parkinson's disease, acting as both mediators of disease progression and potential therapeutic agents. Additional research examines the effects of EXs induced by exercise, the effectiveness of EXs derived from plants in the treatment of cancer, and the application of lyophilized EXs for recovery from brain injuries. As therapeutic agents, EVs and EXs are gaining popularity. This reprint highlights the need for continued research to maximize their production and use in clinical settings.
Nutrition and Growth of Preterm Neonates during Hospitalization
This Reprint, entitled Nutrition and Growth of Preterm Neonates during Hospitalization: Impact on Childhood Outcomes, compiles recent studies on the nutrition and growth of premature neonates and their implications for neurodevelopment and long-term health. It examines the multifactorial causes of suboptimal postnatal growth, such as feeding challenges, gut immaturity, high energy demands, respiratory and infectious complications, and rapid brain development. The collection also addresses controversies regarding the definition of extrauterine growth retardation and what constitutes optimal nutrition and growth with the least adverse impact in later life. By bringing together original research and reviews, this Reprint provides valuable insights into nutrition, growth monitoring, developmental outcomes, and the long-term health of preterm populations.
SAFE TRAVELS - Tips, Tools, and Insights for Safe Psychedelic Navigation
SAFE TRAVELS - Tips, Tools, and Insights for Safe Psychedelic Navigation is intended for informational and educational purposesonly and is not intended to advocate for or against the use of psychedelics. Instead, it aims to serve as an educational resource for those who choose to engage with these substances- providing guidance on how to navigate psychedelic experiencessafely, reverently, and mindfully. The author is not a medical doctor or legal professional, and the content presented herein shouldnot be construed as medical, psychological, or legal advice. Theeducational information provided is based on personal experiences, research, and anecdotal accounts. It may not be suitable or applicable to everyone.
Green Extraction and Formulation of Antioxidants Derived from Food and Agricultural Waste
Food and agricultural wastes have been recognized as valuable sources of bioactive compounds, including different types of antioxidants. The concept of increasing the utilization of waste as a secondary raw material has received significant attention recently, because it is both cost-efficient and in accordance with the principles of the circular economy and sustainable nutrition.Antioxidants are compounds known for their beneficial effects on human health and have attracted great interest as nutraceuticals for developing functional foods and dietary supplements. They vary in physicochemical properties and are often characterized by low stability (e.g., oxygen, light, and heat sensitivity), inadequate sensory properties, low solubility, or low bioavailability (due to poor absorption or intensive metabolism and elimination). Those factors limit their utilization as nutraceuticals.To overcome these limitations, it is necessary to develop suitable extraction and formulation procedures that are specifically designed for each antioxidant, aiming to maintain the stability of the active ingredient and ensure targeted delivery. The focus should be on green extraction and formulation techniques requiring less energy, non-toxic solvents, and lower amounts of lipids, surfactants, and biopolymers, while providing safe and superior products.In this Reprint of the Special Issue, original research reports and updated literature reviews provide an overview of the current state of the knowledge on novel methods for the green extraction and formulation of antioxidants derived from food and agricultural wastes.
The Role of Bioactive Compounds in Human Health and Diseases (2nd Edition)
This reprint presents current research on plant-derived compounds and their effects on human health. It includes clinical, experimental, and in vitro studies that examine how these compounds influence inflammation, metabolism, thermogenesis, and endocrine activity.The articles explore their role in disease prevention and management, focusing on obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, cancer, and chronic inflammation. The reprint also considers their potential in aging and physical performance.Edited by Prof. Dr. Jacqueline Isaura Alvarez-Leite, this collection supports ongoing research into the health applications of bioactive compounds.
Anticancer Drug Discovery Based on Natural Products
Cancer is heterogeneous and dynamic in nature, and its drug resistance, due to high vulnerability to point mutations, and its aberrant pathways are making it quite challenging to efficiently address and manage. Natural products have always been a mainstream source of anticancer drugs due to the modulation of multiple hallmark traits of cancer. Nevertheless, the anticancer drugs available today are not efficient in treating patients with advanced-stage cancers and also exert quite serious side effects. One thing that clinicians and researchers have thoroughly understood so far is that highly specific drugs with only a single mechanism of action are not a prime choice. Thus, polypharmacologically active drugs with detailed knowledge about the genes and pathways that they modulate are what researchers and clinicians are presently looking for. Gene and pathway knowledge will also help us to understand the possible side effects of any drugs in advance since most genes are not specific to a particular location or responsible only for a particular disease. Most genes influence other genes as they are connected through the related pathways. Cheminformatics- and bioinformatics-based studies such as network-pharmacology-based studies, ADMET prediction, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations are quite important in aiding and expediting research towards the translational level.Translational aspects of preclinical studies to clinical level are of utmost importance for natural products to progress from bench to bedside.
Homeopathy Rising
Homeopathy is the second most popular healthcare system on Earth according to the World Health Organization. In North America, it is mostly unregulated and is attended by confusion and controversy, even while millions of people are actively seeking complementary and alternative therapies. Homeopathy Rising gives precise and thorough answers to all of the most common questions about homeopathic medicine, how it works, and the boundaries of its appropriate use. It tours the latest scientific research from around the world and true case stories illustrate the principles of natural medicine in action. This book advocates for an individualized, humane, scientifically informed, sustainable, and integrated model of healthcare. It explores the myriad reasons that natural medicine has a critically important role to play in modern societies. Homeopathy Rising offers a new perspective: a vastly broader picture of what health, sickness, and medicine are, and the larger significance of our choices. No matter what kinds of medicine you choose, this thoughtful guide will change the way you think about healthcare.
Complementary Therapies for Lymphedema
Complementary Therapies for Lymphedema is the first comprehensive guide to 101 supportive options for lymphedema-written for both patients and the professionals who care for them. Well-researched and evidence-based, this reference explores a wide range of therapies, organized into four practical sections: - Traditional therapies - Bodywork therapies - Natural health products - High-tech devicesEach write up includes what is it?, lymphedema-research, side-effects/risks, bottom line summary and reference list. Each section recaps the information with a helpful summary chart and the end of the book includes charts that cross-reference by symptom and mechanism of action. "User Experience" and "Anecdotal Report" callouts boxes throughout the text bring the real voices of patients and professionals into the discussion, grounding the research in lived experience.Lymphedema is a chronic condition that affects over 250 million people worldwide, including 10 million Americans and 1 million Canadians. Standard treatment with complete decongestive therapy often leaves gaps, prompting patients to ask: What else can I do?This book answers that question. By combining objective research with practical insights, Complementary Therapies for Lymphedema gives readers the starting point to explore safe, supportive options for better management and quality of life.A must-have resource for patients, caregivers, and health care professionals!
Engineering and Characterisation of Novel Nanomedicine Formulations, 2nd Edition
Over the past decades, the field of nanomedicine has emerged as a cornerstone of modern drug delivery, offering innovative strategies to overcome the limitations of conventional pharmaceutical formulations. By enabling the encapsulation of poorly soluble drugs and allowing precise control over drug release kinetics and nanoparticle biodistribution, nanomedicines enhance targeted delivery to specific tissues, significantly reducing systemic toxicity while improving therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, these platforms protect fragile bioactive molecules, such as proteins and RNA, from degradation, opening new opportunities for advanced and personalized therapies. This Reprint presents a curated collection of original research articles and review papers focused on the development, engineering, and characterization of cutting-edge nanomedicines, with a particular emphasis on their application in anticancer and anti-infectious treatments.
New Advances in Optic Nerve Diseases
The presence of papilledema, which is a marker of potential intracranial hypertension or optic nerve disease, can sometimes be exceedingly difficult to diagnose, despite recent advancements in ophthalmic technology. Optic nerve diseases, also known as optic neuropathies, are neurodegenerative disorders that can put patients' vision at serious risk, especially if they are not identified early.In recent years, ocular diagnostic technology (ocular ultrasound, OCT, etc.) and new genetic discoveries have provided new answers and increased our knowledge about this complex group of pathologies, which poses a compelling challenge in ophthalmology but also in the medical field in general.The purpose of this Special Issue will be to promote research on the new advances in optic nerve diseases, from etiology to diagnosis to treatment, trying to better understand the nature of these challenging diseases and how to deal with them.
Advanced Clinical Technologies in Treating Neurosurgical Diseases
In this Special Issue of Brain Sciences, we offer a glimpse into the future of neurosurgery. Neurosurgery and clinical neuroscience are increasingly shaped by technological innovation, the refinement of therapeutic protocols, and the development of novel rehabilitative paradigms. Advances include adoption of 3D navigation to enhance surgical outcomes, the application of virtual iMRI, refinements in fluorescence-guided surgery, the emergence of new intraoperative neuroimaging techniques, robotic-assisted surgery, and the use of nanotechnology. Looking ahead, the field will further integrate biomechanical engineering, computational neuroscience, advanced simulation-based education, and translational oncology. These emerging technologies will continue to transform the paradigms of diagnosis, intervention, and rehabilitation in neurosurgery.
Molecular Biomarkers of Tumors
In the fast advancing era of oncology from purely histopathological tumor classification to an integrated framework incorporating molecular genetics. Understanding the genetic makeup of tumors is essential for accurate diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutic decision-making. With breakthroughs in sequencing technologies and genomic profiling, novel molecular biomarkers are being discovered-there is a demand to showcase and disseminate these advances. Translation of bench-side discoveries of genetic markers into routine clinical use is demanding in creating dynamic scientific discourse and collaborative networks.The Special Issue of the "Molecular Biomarkers of Tumors: Advancing Genetic Studies" in Biomedicine provides not only timely and thoughtful reviews on Prostate Cancer, Glioma and Bladder Cancer, but also state-of-the-art research updates on Breast Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Lung Cancer, Renal Carcinoma as well as Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia. These research articles span discovery to clinical translation-to foster collaboration and propel precision oncology. The content of this Special Issue is to target cancer researchers and molecular biologists; clinical oncologists, pathologists, and laboratory medicine professionals, translational scientists and bioinformaticians working on the functional and clinical integration of genetic data. Precision medicine advocates and healthcare decision-makers interested in harnessing genetic insights for improved patient care; as well as interdisciplinary teams seeking to bridge scientific discovery with real-world clinical application.
Advances in Infant and Pediatric Feeding and Nutrition
This Reprint covers a broad spectrum of topics, ranging from the epigenetic effects of human milk on the ongoing neurodevelopment of infants and children, the impact of milk oligosaccharides, the effect of maternal fish consumption, and the use of bovine colostrum or infant formula from hydrolyzed whey protein to the validation of an instrument for evaluating parental feeding behaviors, breastfeeding, and childhood caries. The articles herein provide novel insights into the complex nature of infant feeding and nutrition and deepen our understanding of issues related to feeding and nutrition, paving the way for practical applications and future research.
Epidemiology, Virulence Factors and Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of healthcare-associated MRSA ((HA)-MRSA) infections, and its prevalence is also increasing in community-associated MRSA ((CA)-MRSA) infections. Studies on the prevalence of asymptomatic S. aureus and MRSA carriage are important since colonization is a possible precursor stage of invasive disease. The variety of S. aureus species causing infections is largely due to the wide variety of virulence factors encoded by these bacteria, which favor the invasion of different tissues and the evasion of the host's immune system. Genetically diverse, the epidemiology of MRSA is primarily characterized by the serial emergence of epidemic strains. The constant monitoring of these profiles of resistance to antimicrobials, as well as the knowledge of the prevalent and circulating clonal profiles in hospitals, is extremely important for the direction of empirical therapies. Currently, newly developed drugs can treat these resistant staphylococci, but there are already reports of reduced sensitivity to them. Successful treatment remains challenging and requires the evaluation of both novel antimicrobials and adjunctive aspects of care and source control. This Reprint includes contributions that further our understanding of basic and clinical S. aureus research regarding epidemiology, transmission, genetic diversity, virulence factors, surveillance and treatment, and brings together the expertise and enthusiasm of an international group of contributors to research in this field.
Acute and Chronic Heart Failure
The topic "Acute and Chronic Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and New Therapeutic Developments" was chosen because, despite the progress made in recent decades in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, they remain the leading cause of death in both developed and developing countries, and heart failure (HF) is, in any case, the endpoint of the majority of cardiac pathologies. HF prevalence is progressively increasing worldwide, with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) now exceeding 50% prevalence in HF cases. The published contributions are numerous and all are interesting. I would, however, like to emphasize the fact that a rapidly growing condition worldwide-insulin resistance with associated hyperinsulinemia-that is present in a large proportion of HF patients, particularly in HF patients with preserved or only slightly reduced ejection fraction, is still not treated as an independent risk factor, despite the large body of the literature demonstrating its role in numerous significant metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities. Patients with insulin resistance, which will later progress to type 2 diabetes, may, over time, develop pathological remodeling of the left ventricle with, initially, diastolic dysfunction and, subsequently, also systolic dysfunction, which will lead to the development of HF.
Clinical Laboratory Case Studies
Master Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis Through 100 Real-World Progressive Disclosure Cases Transform your approach to laboratory medicine with the most comprehensive case-based learning resource for Medical Laboratory Scientists, Medical Laboratory Technicians, and medical students preparing for ASCP certification and clinical practice. Why This Book Is Different: Unlike traditional laboratory medicine textbooks that present isolated facts, this groundbreaking resource uses progressive disclosure methodology-the same clinical reasoning process used by expert laboratorians and physicians. Each case unfolds step-by-step, challenging you to think critically before revealing the next diagnostic clue. What You'll Master: ✓ 100 Comprehensive Clinical Cases spanning newborn to geriatric patients across all laboratory disciplines ✓ Sequential Diagnostic Reasoning with laboratory results presented progressively, mirroring real clinical practice ✓ 13 Integrated Chapters covering: Hematology (anemia, hemolysis, coagulation disorders, leukemia, myeloma) Clinical Chemistry (electrolytes, renal, hepatic, cardiac, thyroid, diabetes) Microbiology (bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic infections) Immunology & Serology (autoimmune diseases, transplant, tumor markers) Blood Banking & Transfusion Medicine (antibody identification, hemolytic disease) Toxicology & Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (overdose, poisoning, drug levels) Urinalysis & Body Fluids (cerebrospinal fluid, pleural, peritoneal analysis) Molecular Diagnostics & Genetics (PCR, genetic disorders, pharmacogenomics) Point-of-Care Testing (rapid diagnostics, quality control, interpretation) Pediatric Laboratory Medicine (newborn screening, developmental disorders) Geriatric Laboratory Medicine (age-related changes, polypharmacy) Special Populations (pregnancy, critical care, oncology) Multisystem Complex Cases (rare diseases, diagnostic challenges) ✓ Clinical Correlation Throughout - Every case links laboratory findings to patient symptoms, physical examination, and clinical outcomes ✓ Comprehensive Teaching Points - Each case concludes with 10 evidence-based teaching points covering pathophysiology, test interpretation, and clinical significance ✓ ASCP Board Exam Preparation - Content aligned with MLS and MLT certification exam blueprints ✓ Real-World Relevance - Cases include quality control issues, pre-analytical variables, test interference, and laboratory utilization optimization Perfect For: MLS/MLT Students preparing for ASCP certification exams Medical Students learning laboratory medicine and clinical pathology Practicing Laboratory Professionals seeking continuing education Clinical Pathology Residents developing diagnostic reasoning skills Nursing and PA Students needing laboratory test interpretation Medical Educators teaching case-based laboratory medicine
AI for Medical Laboratory Scientists
Transform Your Laboratory Practice with Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Clinical laboratories stand at the forefront of a technological revolution. Artificial intelligence is reshaping every aspect of laboratory medicine-from automated cell classification and predictive quality control to intelligent result interpretation and clinical decision support. Yet most laboratory professionals lack the knowledge needed to understand, implement, and optimize these powerful tools. AI for Medical Laboratory Scientists: Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Laboratory Medicine bridges this critical gap. This comprehensive textbook provides medical laboratory scientists, pathologists, laboratory directors, and medical technologists with practical, accessible guidance on AI applications across all laboratory disciplines. Master AI fundamentals without programming knowledge. Learn essential concepts including machine learning, deep learning, and neural networks through laboratory-specific examples. Understand supervised versus unsupervised learning, training data requirements, algorithm validation, and performance metrics-all explained in plain language for non-programmers. Explore AI applications across laboratory disciplines. Discover how machine learning enhances clinical chemistry automation, digital pathology image analysis, hematology cell classification, microbiology pathogen identification, molecular diagnostics interpretation, and laboratory informatics optimization. Each chapter provides detailed case studies demonstrating real-world implementations. Implement AI successfully in your laboratory. Follow step-by-step guidance covering readiness assessment, vendor evaluation, workflow integration, staff training, regulatory compliance (FDA, CLIA, CAP), validation protocols, and ongoing performance monitoring. Learn from detailed case studies highlighting both successes and failures. Navigate ethical and regulatory requirements. Understand FDA frameworks for AI medical devices, CLIA validation requirements, CAP accreditation standards, bias detection strategies, patient privacy considerations, and liability issues. Address algorithmic fairness and health equity concerns proactively. Prepare for laboratory medicine's AI-enabled future. Explore emerging technologies including quantum computing, edge AI, and federated learning. Understand changing roles for laboratory professionals and identify career opportunities in AI-enabled laboratories. What You'll Learn: AI and machine learning fundamentals explained for laboratory professionals Automated result validation and intelligent delta check optimization Digital pathology with computer vision and convolutional neural networks Machine learning applications in hematology, microbiology, and molecular diagnostics Laboratory informatics, data analytics, and clinical decision support systems Real-time quality control and predictive maintenance strategies Implementation planning, vendor selection, and change management Validation methodologies, performance metrics, and bias detection Regulatory compliance including FDA, CLIA, and CAP requirements Practical project examples with step-by-step implementation guides Who This Book Is For: Medical laboratory scientists seeking AI literacy for career advancement. Laboratory directors evaluating AI implementations. Medical technologists updating technical skills. Pathologists integrating digital pathology systems. MLS/MLT students preparing for AI-integrated practice. Laboratory managers optimizing workflows with machine learning. Clinical laboratory educators developing AI curriculum.
Recent Advances in Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery
The aim of this reprint is to immerse the reader in the recent advances in trauma and orthopaedic surgery. In more detail, experts in this field share their thoughts not only on trauma surgery but also on elective orthopaedics. Together, we embark on a journey to unravel the potential of new technologies and techniques that are likely to change orthopaedic clinical practice.
Drug Metabolism and Toxicological Mechanisms
Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion processes are of importance in understanding how the body responds to drugs. These processes play a pivotal role in assessing the efficacy and safety of drugs, while also enabling the prediction of potential adverse reactions or toxicities. This Special Issue collects articles that span molecular mechanisms, clinical toxicology, preclinical studies, and regulatory innovation. Contributions explore the dynamic evolution of drug metabolism research, emphasizing mechanistic clarity, technological innovation, and translational relevance.
Mitochondrial Metabolism Alterations in Health and Disease
Mitochondria are key organelles responsible for cell energy production, and they are essential for eukaryotic life. They take part in critical metabolic pathways and are fully integrated into intracellular signaling networks, cellular differentiation, and apoptosis. Mitochondrial functions extend beyond cell boundaries and influence the organisms' physiology by regulating the communication between cells and tissues. Mitochondria are involved in a range of conditions, including inherited mitochondrial disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, dystrophies, heart failure, cardiac dysfunction, vascular diseases and atherosclerosis, pulmonary and respiratory disorders, renal diseases, metabolic disorders, diabetes, aging, and cancer. Therefore, they are attracting increasing attention with the aim of fully understanding the link between the mitochondrial metabolism and the dysregulation of many cellular processes.
Hospital & Clinical Pharmacy for Diploma
Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy is a perfect guide for D. Pharm [E.R 2020] students aspiring to have a flourishing career in pharmacy. This book is designed as per the latest syllabus and covers a wide range of topics in the field of pharmacy. With its 18 chapters the book covers a variety of subjects such as Hospital Pharmacy Hospital Committees Hospital Formulary Supply Chain and Inventory Control Management of Central Drug Store and Storage of Drugs Drug Distribution Compounding in Hospitals Radio Pharmaceuticals Application of Computers in Hospital Pharmacy Practice Clinical Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Care Medication Therapy Management and Home Medication Review Laboratory Tests Drug Information Center Poison Information Centre Pharmacovigilance Medication Errors and Drug Interactions. This book is written in an easy-to-understand language and includes model questions at the end of each chapter making it an ideal book for students preparing for their exams. Every chapter is neatly explained with sub-headings listed in the content s pages helping readers to locate the topic they want to read effortlessly. Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy holds significant importance in the pharmacy sector and this book covers all the essential topics needed to excel in this field. Whether you are a student or a professional pharmacist this book will enrich your knowledge and expand your understanding of the subject. Get your hands on this book today and embark on a journey towards a successful pharmacy career.
