Oral Microflora
The Oral Cavity Is One Of The Most Complex Microbial Habotats. In The Human Body The Terminology Used To Describe Microorganisms In The Oral Cavity Refers To The Oral Microflora.In The Future, It May Be Feasible To Target Treatment More Specifically To Particular Pathogens Or More Imaginative Approaches Could Be Used To Prevent Dis So, In This Context The Outcome Of The Current Clinical Trial With Bacteriocin-producing Non-acidogenic But Lightly Competitive Strains Of S. Mutans Will Be A Great Relevance.
Abutments in Implant
Implantology is a prosthodontically driven subject with surgical component. Prosthesis will determine where the implant should ideally be placed. Successful implant restoration depends on various factors, case selection, implant placement, osseointegration, abutment selection and maintenance. Abutment selection is an extremely important step to achieve functional and esthetic harmony in implant prosthesis. The process of selecting on abutment involves evaluating the position, angulation, interocclusal space, and tissue height of a given implant. The order of evaluation is extremely important in this method of selection. The position is the first consideration. Once it is determined that the implant is in an acceptable position and is restorable, then the clinician can move on to the other 3 evaluation criteria.
Myofunctional Appliances in Children
This book offers a comprehensive guide to the role of myofunctional appliances in pediatric dentistry, exploring both the science and practical applications of early intervention in children's dental health. It delves into commonly used myofunctional appliances during the mixed dentition period, providing detailed discussions on their use.Emphasizes the importance of addressing functional and structural issues from a young age. The book focuses on the use of myofunctional appliances in critical stages of developmental in children. Through in-depth insights, it examines how myofunctional appliances can guide facial growth and promote proper jaw alignment-laying the foundation for a lifetime of healthy smiles.The adage "catch them young, watch them grow" reflects the core philosophy of this approach: by identifying and treating dental issues early, we can support optimal growth and development. Offering valuable insights and practical applications.
Recent Advances in Matrix Systems
In recent times, composite resin has replaced dental amalgam as the posterior restorative material of choice, although persistent challenges are still encountered by the practitioner, primarily due to material properties and armamentarium. As a result of the complexities involved with the placement of composite resin in the posterior dentition, novel developments in matrix system technology have emerged, such as improvements in matrix design and interdental separation techniques. These innovations have allowed the dentist to achieve the most advantageous proximal contact surfaces and anatomically correct contours. Depending on the feasibility, knowledge and skills, it is for the operator to decide appropriate matrix system to corroborate composites with natural contacts and contours and to finally improve the longevity of composite restorations. Selection of the matrix should be based on its ease of use and efficiency to provide the optimum contacts and contour. A number of dental companies have come up with wide range of products that claim to reproduce the lost natural contacts and contours. Thus, this book aims to summarize a few of the latest matrix systems available.
New prospects for autologous grafting in oral surgery
Today, dental implants are the first choice for replacing missing teeth, due to the ever-increasing aesthetic and functional demands of patients.However, such restorations are only possible if the bone and gingiva are qualitatively and quantitatively satisfactory. Indeed, bone and gum defects can represent an obstacle to this procedure.Various surgical procedures have been proposed to augment unfavorable bone and gingival volume, such as: autogenous bone grafts, guided bone regeneration and osteogenesis by alveolar distraction, dentin substitutes. As well as pedicle grafts, free gingival autografts, connective tissue grafts and guided tissue regeneration for gingival defects.The aim of this book is to detail these different techniques, while discussing two clinical cases on the subject.
Effects of Lingual Retainers on Periodontal Health and Stability
Orthodontic retention aims to maintain the teeth in their corrected positions after the completion of orthodontic tooth movement. Teeth have a tendency to return towards their initial positions due to tension in periodontal fibres, particularly those around the necks of the teeth (interdental and dento-gingival fibres). Due to remodeling of the periodontal fibers the first 8 month post orthodontic treatment are crucial.Therefore, bonded retainers have become increasingly popular to prevent unwanted relapse and enhance stability. Longer-term retrospective studies of the effects on periodontal health have shown that, significant deterioration in any periodontal or dental health parameter was not found even though there is increase in accumulation of dental plaque and calculus in subject with bonded retainer 15 years after treatment In recent years, however, unexpected complications like tooth movement, torque changes and inclinations have also been described during orthodontic retention with fixed lingual retainers.Hence, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different lingual retainers on periodontal health and stability.
Role of Genetics in Orthodontic
Malocclusion results from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors, making it essential for orthodontists to understand this interplay for effective diagnosis and treatment. Awareness of genetic influences helps differentiate inherited malocclusions from those caused by environmental factors, facilitating personalized care. Most malocclusions are polygenic/multifactorial, though some specific cases may be strongly influenced by single genes. Heritability estimates vary, with craniofacial traits generally showing higher heritability than dentoalveolar traits. While fluctuating asymmetry reflects environmental stress, genetic factors influence an individual's resilience. Contrary to the belief that genetically caused malocclusions are harder to treat, environmental changes can positively affect polygenic traits. Future research into how environmental factors affect gene expression will enhance treatment strategies, promoting more effective and personalized orthodontic care.
Demineralization and Remineralization
The outcome of dental caries is determined by the dynamic balance between pathological factors that lead to demineralization and protective factors that lead to remineralization. A goal of modern dentistry is to manage non-cavitated caries lesions non-invasively through remineralization in an attempt to prevent disease progression and improve aesthetics, strength and function. Minimal invasive dentistry's first basic principle is remineralization of the early caries lesion, advocating a biological approach rather than the surgical approach. It includes usage and application of remineralizing agent to the tooth structure (enamel and dentin lesion) which control the demineralization/remineralization cycle, depending around the microenvironment around the tooth. Modern dentistry has aims to manage non-cavitated carious lesion noninvasively through remineralization in an attempt to prevent disease progression, and to improve form, function, strength and esthetics of teeth. This book aims to provide detailed yet simplified information on various aspects of remineralization, demineralization, including recent remineralizing agents, their properties and its applications.
Biomedical Waste Management
The activities that are commonly done in the health care waste management are segregation, storage, collection, transportation and disposal of Biomedical waste. It encompasses, planning, organizational, administrative, financial, legal, engineering aspects and human resource development and their management involves inter- disciplinary relationships. The concept of environmental hygiene and sanitation has been there in India since the time of Rig Veda. "Cleanliness is next to Godliness"- the essence of this was aptly captured by Dravidians, who in 5000 BC gave due emphasis to immaculate town planning, safe and effective sewerage systems who got rid of all solid and liquid wastes generated by the population. Medical wastes pose a significant impact on health and the environment. Management of the bio medical waste is becoming a challenging issue in India. Proper waste management strategy is needed to ensure health and environmental safety.
Tooth Morphology & Access Cavity Preparation
THIS BOOK ELICITS ABOUT THE COMPONENTS OF ROOT CANAL SYSTEM, THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE PULP CHAMBER, CLASSIFICATION OF ACCESS CAVITY, PREPARATION INSTRUMENTS, ANTERIOR ACCESS CAVITY PREPARATION AND POSTERIOR ACCESS CAVITY PREPARATION. IT GIVES A BRIEF IDEA ABOUT THE ACCESS PREPARATIONS IN ENDODONTOLOGY WHICH WILL BE VERY USEFULL FOR THE BEGINERS TO UNDERSTAND THE TOOTH MORPHOLOGY IN RELATION TO ENDODONTIC ACCESS CAVITY PREPARATION.
Injectable Gutta Percha
Root canal treatment is a procedure done to relieve pain and control any inflammation or infection that is present in the tooth. If left untreated the bacteria present inside the tooth can spread periapically and cause pathology and infection in the bone surrounding the tooth. As the bacteria enters into the pulp they cause tissue distruction spreading through the pulp and into the canal system. Thus Root canal treatment becomes necessary to remove the inflamed pulp or diseased pulp or necrotized pulp.
Temporization
Provisional restorations are a critical component of fixed prosthodontic treatment. Although they are intended for short term usage, they can be made to provide pleasing aesthetics, adequate support, and good protection for teeth while maintaining healthy periodontium. This book covers the classification, properties, requirements of provisional restorations. The scope, technique and usage of various materials for fabrication of temporary restoration is covered extensively. The success of fixed prosthodontics often depends on the care with which provisional is designed and fabricated.
Chemical Mediators in Orthodontic Tooth Movement
A thorough knowledge of the biochemical mediators of orthodontic tooth movement and their mechanisms will provide a rational for better and effective orthodontic treatment.Therefore an effort is made through this book titled "Chemical mediators in orthodontic tooth movement" to provide an opportunity for the reader to understand and update the knowledge on the latest research on biological changes occurring at the molecular level. This would in turn help an orthodontist in delivering better mechanics, producing quicker tooth movement with minimum tissue damage and maximum comfort to the patient.
Gingival Crevicular Fluid
Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is an inflammatory exudate derived from the periodontal tissues. It mainly consists of substances derived from serum, leukocytes, bacteria, activated epithelial cells, connective tissue cells, and bone cells as these possess a great potential for serving as indicators of periodontal disease and healing after therapy. GCF plays a special part in maintaining the structure of junctional epithelium and the antimicrobial defense of periodontium. Analysis of periodontal condition can be easily done by collection of GCF which is a non-invasive and relatively simple procedure.
Photography, Radiography and Micro CT in Management of Traumatized Teeth
A dental injury should always be considered an emergency and thus, be treated immediately to relieve pain, facilitate reduction of displaced teeth, reconstruct lost hard tissue, and improve prognosis. Rational therapy depends upon correct diagnosis, which can be achieved with the aid of various examination techniques. Among various examination procedures, oral photography, radiography are very helpful and reliable for evidence in making a clinical diagnosis and recently micro computed tomography have made more precise and correct diagnosis possible for traumatized teeth. This book presents an overview that photography, radiography and micro CT play an important role in the management of traumatized teeth.
Lasers in Orthodontics
For many years, research has been progressing and leading in Laser supported therapies in various fields in Dental Sciences. There is no field of dentistry where development took place at such a tearing pace in recent years as in the field of laser dentistry. In the beginning it was only in some branches of this scientific field where significant therapeutic advantages compared to conventional forms of treatment could be reached, but by now this development already includes all branches of dentistry and integrates them into the huge spectrum of laser supported dental treatment.
Advances in Rotary Endodontics
The rotary instruments are the integral part of present endodontic practice. It is gradually replacing the most of traditional hand instruments. Starting from routine root canal treatment to complex endodontic therapies require such instruments for their obvious merits. Science is ever changing subject it discards the older theories and moves toward newer and advancement. Dental practice has no exception from it. History reveals a large number of instruments are made to overcome the demerits of its older generation. Advancement in the development of rotary has revolutionized the endodontic practice.Despite of advancement of various generations of rotary instruments still there is no single rotary system that can cater shaping all canals effectively. Each canal has different anatomy and different files system have different merits demerits. So for choosing appropriate rotary file profound knowledge of their abilities is extremely necessary. This book not merely gives a brief overlook how and why various generations of rotary instrument evolved. It also summarizes the various instruments presently available and situations where which instruments will be more appropriate to use.
Infection Control in Orthodontics
Infection control in a dental office is of utmost importance to ensure control of cross-contamination of life-threatening infections like Hepatitis, AIDS, and in current times of pandemic COVID-19. We need to ensure that the risk of transmissible infection to both the dentist, patients, and auxiliary staff should be minimized. As responsible clinicians our goals should be to reduce the number of pathogenic organism in the operatory. Office, Dentist, Patient, and Auxilary protocols should be strictly adhered to and followed during times of pandemic crisis.
Simultaneous Retraction and Intrusion of Maxillary Anterior Teeth
Conventional methods and mini implants supported simultaneous retraction and intrusion of anterior segment help the clinician to achieve both retraction and intrusion at a same time and thus reducing the treatment time of the patient., To achieve simultaneous retraction and intrusion by any of the method it is important to consider the force system delivered on the anterior segment which depends on the point of application of the force and its direction. Majority of the studies stated that to achieve the bodily displacement of the anterior teeth, the force should pass through the centre of resistance. The key influencing factor in determining the degree and course of movement of anterior teeth during sliding mechanical retraction might be the length of the power arm and the position of the micro implants. This leads to a crucial clinical clue. So before starting the treatment, its mandatory to assess the problems, establish clear objectives of treatment, and develop adequate technique to achieve the established results. Thus, clinicians are encouraged to evaluate each patient to develop the proper biomechanics for each particular case that leads to effective treatment results.
Intra-oral Scanners
Technology is shaping the future of healthcare provision, not least in Orthodontics.To overcome difficulties associated with conventional techniques, impressions with IOS (Intraoral Scanner) and CAD/CAM (Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing) technologies were developed for dental practice. The last decade has seen an increasing number of optical IOS devices, and these are based on different technologies, the choice of which may impact on clinical use. An understanding of the IOS technology is necessary for any practitioner to have a successful clinical strategy during the scanning of the prepared teeth.
Mechanical properties of permanent restorative materials
The success of dental treatments depends not only on biological, chemical, physical, and pathophysiological principles but also on the sufficient and precise knowledge of the mechanical properties of dental substrate and materials. The assessment of the mechanical properties of dental substrate and materials is vital for developing bio-compatible dental materials used in dentistry. This knowledge will allow you to differentiate the potential causes of clinical failures that may be attributed to material deficiencies, design features, dentist errors, technician errors, or patient factors such as diet, biting force magnitude, and force orientation.
Ozone Therapy
The Future of dentistry is based on new techniques providing non-invasive treatment procedures rather than invasive procedures. Ozone therapy can be used in dentistry as a non-invasive procedure especially in pediatric dentistry it has a positive effect on children in terms of behavior and caries management. Ozone therapy is a simple, economically preferable, and accessible treatment option. Ozone application is considered to be effective and safe in managing patients with various pathologies. Ozone can be a game-changer in dentistry in the coming days.
Crown Lenthen for Smile Correction
When the clinical crowns of teeth are dimensionally short and it is difficult to place a restoration, surgically increasing the length of the clinical crowns can be done. The difficulties presented by short clinical crowns demand a proper treatment plan and a satisfactory result. The desired result is a reflection of an accurate treatment plan. This review examines the biological and surgical considerations as well as various methods of crown lengthening procedures. Changes in periodontal tissues, problems during and after crown lengthening procedures are also matter of concern. The effects of violation of the supracrestal gingivae by improper full-coverage restorations have also been discussed.
Medical Emergencies in Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics
Emergencies cannot be totally prevented but can be managed appropriately with thorough knowledge of the signs, symptoms, and accurate treatment of the emergencies. Accomplishing this depends on the combined effort of the dental specialist, staff, and immediate availability of the critical drugs and equipments for the procedure. Prevention, by ensuring good history and physical examination, is better and cheaper than embarking on therapeutic measures.Medical emergencies can happen anywhere. The stressful nature of a dental visit can trigger an emergency in sensitive patients. Knowledge is power. Know what to do, know your limitations, and most of all, know when to call in experts. This threefold approach that addresses prevention, preparation, and action will help medical and dental offices to develop or evaluate their emergency response plans, implement comprehensive emergency management procedures, support staff training and readiness, and reinforce a culture of safety.
Silver Diamine Fluoride
Aside from fluoridated water, silver diamine fluoride is the single greatest innovation in pediatric dental health in the last century for the prevention of caries. Despite its recent popularity, it has been used internationally for upwards of 80 years. Silver diamine fluoride treatment is an efficient, painless, quick and safe method of dental treatment and sustainable option for high-risk children and adolescents across all the age groups in arresting dentin caries.
Torque in orthodontics
For every person, their face and especially the anterior teeth are essential for aesthetic appearance. Teeth positions play an important role in this regard. Orthodontic treatment aims to position the teeth such that they achieve optimum aesthetics and function.1Torque is the force that enables the orthodontist to control the axial inclination of teeth and to place them in the harmonizing positions that are desirable for finished result. Torque is the force that gives the operator control over the movement of roots of teeth. It represents the bucco-palatal crown/root inclination of a tooth, and it is an orthodontic adaptation used to describe rotation around an x-axis. It is said to be positive when the root is lingually positioned and negative when the root is facially positioned as compared to the crown.2Proper bucco-lingual inclination of anterior and posterior teeth is essential to provide better aesthetic, stability and functional occlusal relationship.
Perfect Smile - a Dentist’s Perspective
A smile is happiness you'll find right under your nose. A BEAUTIFUL smile seems to reflect a certain style of living, and the enhancement of facial beauty is one of the primary goals of patients seeking elective dental care. The lower third of the face has a major impact on the perception of the facial aesthetic and the role of a beautiful smile is therefore, undeniable. An understanding of golden proportion that has long stood for beauty may provide us with useful guidelines that can be combined with our existing knowledge and applied to our dental work for restoring dental aesthetics with reasonable assurance of success."A well designed smile is a product of consolidated efforts accomplished by accurate diagnosis, methodical treatment planning, use of advanced materials and contemporary techniques rendered by the skilled dentist".
Color and Shade Selection
Tooth is a index of mouth. When a teeth is compromised it affects the quality of life in various factors(i.e) smile is superiorly affected and also causes loss of confidence in people. Restorative dentistry helps people in regaining one's own confidence over the affected teeth by replacing it. One such treatment is cementation of crowns in the endodontically treated teeth which replaces the nature teeth in terms of colour, texture and smile line. Shade selection is an important key factor in order to replace a teeth, colour has light related qualities that has to be achieved on to a greater extent. Restorations must be functional, through application of dental science, as well as beautiful, with a natural appearance that blends undetectably with the rest of the patient's dentition. This book enlightens the various influence factors and guidelines for shade selection of the teeth.
Speed In Dentistry
This dissertation aims at providing a Comprehensive review of rotary endodontics along with specific torque and speed of different endodontic motors available in the market and with emphasis on the behavioural properties of Ni-Ti and its mode of application. To improve the speed and efficiency of the treatment, recently there has been a resurgence of mechanized or automated system for both preparation and sealing of root canal system. Clinical evidence demonstrates that the root canal systems can be cleaned and shaped and obturated in three dimensions with a high degree of predictability approaching 100% success.
Non- Pharmacological Approaches for Behavior Management
The goal of behavior management is to create a "positive dental attitude," which encompasses not only the behavior required to fulfil a current task, but also developing a long-term interest on the patient's side in continued prevention and improved dental health in the future. To accomplish this, the dentist must build a trusting connection with the kid and accompanying adult in order to ensure compliance with preventive measures and allow treatment to take place.
Deep fungal infections of the oral cavity
Deep-seated mycoses of the oral cavity and orofacial sphere represent a group of serious fungal infections that can have major repercussions on patients' health, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. This book discusses infections caused by various fungi such as Candida, Aspergillus, mucoral fungi... highlighting the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges they pose due to their ability to mimic other pathologies and their potential to lead to severe complications.The book begins with an overview of the pathogenesis and epidemiology of deep mycoses, highlighting the increase in their incidence due to factors such as HIV/AIDS, anti-cancer treatments, and organ transplants. Varied clinical manifestations, from localized lesions to extensive tissue involvement, are detailed, with descriptions of symptoms which, if not treated promptly, can lead to significant morbidity.
Bioceramic Materials in Endodontics
Bioceramics are ceramic materials specifically designed for medical and dental use. Bioceramics are materials composed of nanosphere particles of tricalcium silicate, tantalum pentoxide, dicalcium silicate, alumina and zirconia, bioactive glass, calcium silicates, hydroxyapatite. These materials presents biocompatibility, bioactivity, resistance to leakage, sealing ability and biomineralization activity. The presence of calcium silicate in these materials can reduce inflammation and induce tissue repair.The advent of bioceramics materials increases the possibility of reparative and regenerative processes in dentistry, and more precisely, in endodontics.
Periodontal Medicine
Periodontal medicine is an emerging field that bridges dentistry and medicine, focusing on the relationship between periodontal (gum) health and overall systemic health. This discipline emphasizes the importance of preventing and treating periodontal diseases, which can significantly impact conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory issues. By integrating advanced diagnostic techniques and therapeutic strategies, periodontal medicine aims to improve patient outcomes through a holistic approach to oral and systemic health. It highlights the crucial role of oral hygiene and regular dental care in preventing not just dental issues but also chronic diseases, making it an essential aspect of comprehensive healthcare.
Lithium Disilicate
'Lithium Disilicate: Mastering its Science and Clinical Application' offers a comprehensive exploration of one of the most revolutionary materials in modern dentistry. Written by a seasoned clinician and educator, this book delves into the science behind lithium disilicate, from its chemical properties to its versatile applications in restorative dentistry.Designed for both seasoned professionals and newcomers, the text combines in-depth research with practical insights, offering step-by-step guidance on how to achieve optimal results with this material. With a focus on aesthetic and functional outcomes, readers will learn the intricacies of handling, preparation, and cementation techniques. Whether you are a dentist looking to enhance your practice or a student seeking a deep understanding of dental materials, this book serves as a vital resource for mastering lithium disilicate and its transformative potential in patient care.
Basal Implants in Diabetic Patient
This book gives detialed description on basal implants in diabetic patients about the history, surgical anatomy, alveolar ridge changes after teeth extraction, anatomy for surgical emergency, basal implant in atrophied ridges, contraindication to implant therapies and placing basal implant in diabetic patients. This book gives clear cut explanation about minor to major aspects on the basal implants in diabetics patients
Various Modalities Of Occlusal Analysis
The author has systematically provided with loaded information pertinent to both basic and advancements in Various Modalities Of Occlusal Analysis. The book helps in making the reader understand the various methods of obtaining proper occlusion and to quantify them. The simplistic design of the book with charts, flow diagrams and illustration makes it comprehensive for both clinicians and students. The author has also given special emphasis on topics like Occlusal Adjustment, Function of masticatory system and pathologic occlusion.
Guided Endodontics
Guided Endodontics (GE) represents a significant advancement in endodontic therapy, particularly for cases involving pulp canal obliteration and apical pathosis. This technique utilizes advanced three-dimensional imaging technologies, such as cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital surface scanning, to facilitate precise planning of access cavities. GE employs either static navigation via templates or dynamic navigation with camera-marker systems. Various research demonstrates that GE enhances the accuracy of access cavity preparation while reducing the risk of iatrogenic damage. Hence a thorough knowledge about this novel technique is essential for better endodontic treatments.
Oral Functionality in Edentulous Patients
This study evaluates the association between oral stereognostic ability (OSA), salivary flow (SF), and masticatory effectiveness (ME) in edentulous patients using conventional complete dentures. OSA was tested with 12 shaped pieces, SF by chewing paraffin wax, and ME by chewing gum and recording the weight loss of the sweetener. Measurements were taken before denture insertion and after 6 months of denture use. Statistical analysis with paired t-tests and Pearson correlations was conducted. The findings showed negligible correlations between OSA and SF, and between SF and ME. However, a moderate positive correlation was observed between OSA and ME. This suggests that while OSA and SF, and SF and ME may not be strongly related, OSA and ME are moderately correlated. The study concludes that there is some interaction between these factors, indicating that OSA and ME could be more closely linked in denture wearers. Further research with a larger sample is needed to explore these relationships more comprehensively.
Biomaterials in Orthodontics
Orthodontics, similar to other fields in dentistry, is in constant need for research and improvement in the biomaterials used. Indeed, the field of orthodontic materials has vastly expanded in the recent decades with the fabrication of new archwire materials, new brackets materials and systems, as well as the introduction of clear aligners. This topic will focus on the materials used for manufacturing the orthodontic brackets, archwires and clear aligners. The biomaterials used in the oral cavity should possess certain qualities. It should be non-toxic, possess reasonable strength, hydrolytic stability, high purity and sterilizability. It should also possess reproducible quality and be resistant to tarnish and corrosion. Some of the biomaterials used by an orthodontist are brackets, arch wires, bands, elastics, adhesives and etchants, cements, impression materials, and micro implants.Materials used in an orthodontic office to apply forces to move teeth include archwire loops, coil springs, latex elastics, and synthetic elastomers.
PG Notes in Orthodontics-I
Orthodontics is a dynamic and evolving field that requires a deep understanding of both fundamental principles and being abreast with newer advancements. In this digital era, there is an endless access to published literature and books at the disposal of students and professionals. Especially for the student pursuing postgraduation in Orthodontics, shortlisting important and relevant published literature from this vast resource is often a dilema and requires investment of considerable time. This book has been written with the postgraduate students in mind in the form of simplified notes on important topics in orthodontics using an exhaustive reference to the relevant literature. This book will be first of a series, with each book to follow covering several important topics in orthodontics. These notes can be helpful in preparing academic seminars or can be used to brush up important topics at the time of examination. It is hoped that this effort will appeal to all students of orthodontics.
Tissue Engineering
Tissue engineering has ushered in a new era for therapeutic medicine, rapidly progressing to encompass all tissues in the body. This progress relies on understanding embryonic development and stem cell biology. In oral tissues, replicating complex biological development remains a challenge due to the need for integrating multiple tissue types and interfaces. Recent advancements in tissue engineering are making significant strides in periodontal disease management, which is crucial given its link to systemic health issues. Current methods, like engineered cell-scaffold constructs, show promise but still face challenges in achieving predictable full periodontal regeneration. Research is also exploring craniofacial applications and the potential of biologically regenerating periodontal structures. Despite notable progress, translating these advances into consistent, clinically safe treatments remains a major focus, with ongoing efforts to enhance stem cell compatibility and scaffold development. The future looks promising, with expanding knowledge and innovations paving the way for more effective oral and craniofacial tissue repair.
Mixed Dentition Space Analysis
Pedodontist has a great opportunity to come across patient in their developing stages of life. Malocclusion is one of the major problems faced during dento-facial development. Early intervention of this problem can be done by a proper space assessment in mixed dentition phase. An important aspect of diagnosis and treatment planning in mixed dentition is a determination of the relationship of tooth size to arch length. Hence mixed dentition space analysis form an essential part of an early orthodontic evaluation. An accurate analysis is an important criteria in determining whether to involve serial extraction, guidance of eruption, space maintenance, space regaining or just periodic observation of the patient. This Books gives the detailed aspects on all the mixed dentition analysis.
Complications in Implant
After tooth loss, individuals often seek replacements for functionality and aesthetics. Recent advancements in clinical prosthodontics have led to more effective options, including removable partial dentures, bridges, and increasingly popular dental implants. Implants restore near-normal function and stimulate bone density, preserving facial structure. While they have become a preferred solution, complications such as infection, bone loss, and failure can arise.Osseointegration, the direct integration of bone with an implant, is key to success. Implants must meet criteria for function, tissue health, and patient satisfaction. Complications can be early (e.g., infection) or late (e.g., loss of osseointegration), and distinguishing between these is crucial for treatment. Factors influencing success include genetics, occlusal stress, and overall health.This book reviews current knowledge on implant complications, emphasizing the importance of proper protocols for successful long-term outcomes.
Immediate Dental Implant Placement
Immediate dental implant placement involves inserting an implant into the extraction socket immediately after tooth removal, offering a streamlined approach to restoration and potentially improving patient outcomes. It reduces the treatment duration, helps maintain the alveolar bone and soft tissue contours, reduces resorption, and enhances esthetics.Also provide immediate esthetic results as well as often eliminates the need for additional bone grafting procedures.Requires sufficient primary stability, which may be challenging in compromised bone conditions. Complication risks include the Potential issues include fenestration, dehiscence, and recession, which necessitate careful planning and technique. Adequate bone around the implant site is crucial; additional procedures may be needed if bone is insufficient. Proper handling of soft tissues and grafts is essential for esthetic and functional success. Utilize 3D imaging and surgical guides for precise implant placement.
Tads Vs Conventional Anchorage Methods During Canine Retraction
Anchorage control is crucial to prevent unwanted tooth movement during space closure. Traditional anchorage devices, such as transpalatal arches and headgear, have limitations like the need for patient compliance and less effective anchorage. This has led to the development of skeletal anchorage devices like Temporary Anchorage Devices (TADs) and miniplates, which offer superior stability, require less patient involvement, and do not affect occlusion.Current evidence shows that mini-implants provide better canine retraction and anchorage control compared to conventional methods.
Extrusive Forces by Clear Aligners Attachments
In recent years, there has been a growing demand for aesthetic orthodontic treatments, leading to the rise in popularity of clear aligners. These aligners offer a discreet and convenient alternative to traditional braces, but certain tooth movements, such as extrusion, remain challenging. Extrusion requires precise and stable force application, which clear aligners alone may struggle to achieve. To address this, attachments-small, tooth-colored composite resin pieces-are strategically placed on teeth to enhance aligner grip and improve force transmission. Various attachment designs exist, each with unique benefits for specific movements like extrusion. This systematic review aims to analyze the efficacy of different attachment designs in generating extrusive forces. By examining studies such as randomized controlled trials and FEM studies, the review seeks to provide evidence-based guidance for orthodontists. The goal is to enhance treatment outcomes, improve patient satisfaction, and offer clinicians valuable insights into optimizing clear aligner therapy through effective attachment selection.
Accuracy of Clear Aligners for Incisor Torque in Orthodontic Treatment
This systematic review aimed to evaluate the accuracy of clear aligners in achieving incisor torque during orthodontic treatment. A 10-year data search was conducted based on specific inclusion criteria, such as randomized control trials, cross-sectional studies, and FEM studies involving patients undergoing aligner treatment. Out of 291 studies, 8 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review.The review found that clear aligner accuracy in achieving programmed incisor torque varied, with average success rates as low as 41%. Power ridges and attachments emerged as essential tools, improving torque control but requiring over-correction to counteract torque loss. The findings highlight the need for further research and optimization to enhance clear aligner performance in orthodontic treatments.
REPEATED MOPs VERSUS DUAL APPROACH IN ACCELERATED ORTHODONTICS
Prolonged orthodontic treatment increases the risk of dental issues like cavities, periodontal problems, discomfort, and root resorption. Accelerated orthodontics addresses these challenges by expediting orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) through surgical and non-invasive methods. Surgical techniques like corticotomy and piezoelectric bone punctures stimulate OTM by inducing controlled bone injury, triggering the Regional Acceleratory Phenomenon (RAP), which accelerates osteoclastogenesis and tooth movement. However, these invasive methods can result in pain, bleeding, and reduced patient compliance. Minimally invasive alternatives, such as piezosurgery, fiberotomy, and micro-osteoperforations (MOPs), offer similar benefits with fewer complications. Non-invasive techniques, including lasers and vibrations, have shown effectiveness in enhancing bone remodeling. Low-Level Energy Laser Therapy (LLLT) is widely used in orthodontics for its biostimulatory effects, accelerating OTM, aiding in retention, and providing pain relief. While MOPs and LLLT are effective individually, their combined impact on accelerating OTM is less explored.
