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Drug Treatments for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
We are pleased to inform you that the Special Issue reprint "Drug Treatments for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases" has been published online and is freely accessible on the MDPI Books platform. We hope that the reprint meets the reader's expectations in the field and further promotes investigations into the treatment of IBD by the scientific community.
Models for Delivering High Quality Emergency Neurosurgery in High Income Countries
Emergency neurosurgery encompasses serious and high-risk cranial and spinal conditions across all ages. The authors provide an overview of the changes occurring within emergency surgery to meet the challenges provided from unscheduled care. Considering the wider landscape of emergency surgery provides a context for the changes occurring within emergency neurosurgery. The delivery of emergency neurosurgery within the UK, the Republic of Ireland, the Netherlands, and the United States of America (USA) is then described to provide an overview of different models of care.
Modern Pharmaceutics for Cardiovascular Diseases
Although various non-pharmaceutical strategies addressed to the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases such as tobacco control policies, reducing the consumption of harmful food, and increasing physical activity still represent a key strategy, often they are not sufficient. Moreover, despite the availability of a plethora of pharmaceutic approaches specifically targeting mechanisms involved in cardiovascular diseases over recent years, the burden of these pathologies has only been marginally alleviated. Therefore, new pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical strategies are necessary for both primary and secondary prevention to reduce the burden of cardiovascular diseases. The present reprint brings together original and review articles aiming to highlight the advances in the development of modern pharmaceutics for cardiovascular diseases in recent years.
C-Reactive Protein and Cardiovascular Disease
This Special Issue focuses on the clinical relevance of the C-reactive protein. Most physicians are familiar with it as a diagnostic biomarker. Only a few have realized that it can be a pathomolecule. After all, the biomarker is, of course, not a physiological function. The main task of CRP is to mark cells to be disposed of, which has been shown for decades in various animal models and has been broken down into molecular detail.The articles presented in this Special Issue reveal a broad spectrum of indications with CRP involvement. The reports unanimously support the view that CRP has a dark side. In addition to this new perspective on the pathological properties of CRP, two other new aspects are crystallizing. One is that the initial rate of CRP synthesis in an acute illness such as sepsis or myocardial infarction allows an excellent prognosis in terms of mortality or cardiac function/scar area. The other is the surprising finding that CRP impairs the desensitization of GPCRs without the need for any further damaging process.
Neuroendocrine Tumors
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare and heterogeneous tumors whose incidence has increased over recent years due to improved disease knowledge and diagnostic tools, particularly endoscopy and nuclear medicine. They frequently arise in the gastro-enteropancreatic (GEP) tract, representing approximately 2% of all malignant tumors of the GEP system. Given their rarity and clinical and biological heterogeneity, there is an urgent need for standardized guidelines for the proper management of these neoplasms, which should always be referred to tertiary referral centers. Novel research strategies are needed to better define diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms, especially for specific subgroups of poorly known tumors, including duodenal NENs and functioning tumors. Cooperation between referral centers and the creation of international disease registries should be encouraged to better understand the biology and natural history of these neoplasms and, consequently, improve their management.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy-Current Challenges and Future Perspectives
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a myocardial disorder characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy, which cannot be entirely attributed to loading conditions such as valve or congenital heart disease, or hypertension. This condition is relatively common, with a prevalence of 1:250-500 individuals, and is linked to increased rates of mortality and morbidity. In recent years, there has been a growing body of knowledge concerning the genetic underpinnings, natural history, risk assessment, and management of HCM.In this Special Issue, experts in the field delve into these topics through comprehensive reviews and original articles that explores the molecular basis, the role of genetic testing, risk stratification for sudden cardiac death, atrial fibrillation, and management of HCM.
Update on Diagnosis and Management of Preeclampsia and Fetal Growth Restriction
This Special Issue provides an update on the diagnosis and management of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. New diagnostic approaches for screening as well as innovative maternal surveillance tools are described. Fetal Doppler monitoring methods and specific risk factors (diabetes and obesity) are highlighted as part of this latest edition. The development of further maternal cardiovascular disease is additionally focussed upon.The findings are relevant and contribute to better understanding this significant feto-maternal disease.
Dihydropyrimidinones as Potent Anticancer Agents
Dihydropyrimidinones as Potent Anticancer Agents gives readers a unique update on scientific knowledge, accomplishments and recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of dihydropyrimidinones in cancer treatment. Dihydropyrimidinones are known to be active scaffold and have been reported to show some exceptional results with regards to malignancies. With ever increasing knowledge and information about synthesis, pharmacology and other aspects of dihydropyrimidinones, there is need to document such information in one place. Since the field of medicinal chemistry is dynamic, with new emerging trends, it provides readily available updated information on chemistry and pharmacology aspects of dihydropyrimidinones in cancer. This book covers everything about dihydropyrimidinones from synthesis, derivatives, mode of action and potential therapeutic targets. It will also provide insights about the clinical trials and way forward in cancer research of dihydropyrimidinones.
NASM CPT Study Guide 2024-2025
Find everything you need to confidently prepare and pass the NASM CPT exam with this all-in-one study guideYou can feel it - you're closer to starting your fitness career as a personal trainer than ever.The only thing standing between you and your dream is the certification exam.And if you plan to work with...People who want to maintain their healthPeople with health conditions, limited mobility, and high risk of injuryProfessional athletes who want to improve their performanceThe National Academy of Sports Medicine or NASM CPT exam can provide the certification you need to succeed in your career.With its comprehensive and practical approaches to ensure safe but effective training, a NASM certificate can provide the knowledge and competence you need to safely guide and train your clients to achieve their fitness goals.However, due to its varying and often challenging topics, approximately only 74% of exam takers pass the NASM CPT exam.But don't let numbers stop you from trying your best.With the right study guide and strategies to maximize preparation time, anyone can pass the NASM CPT exam and start their career.And if you're...Looking for a comprehensive but simple approach to understanding the various topics included in the examSearching for strategies and techniques to overcome test anxiety and other challenges from preparing to taking the examReady to take the next step to jumpstart your career as a certified NASM personal trainerThen you're in the right place.Grab a pen, and don't forget to take notes as you discover: How to physically and mentally prepare yourself for the exam with the ACE MethodAn in-depth discussion on basic and applied sciences and nutritional concepts you will find in the NASM CPT examThe importance of understanding the psychology of exercise and strategies to coach your clients using behavioral approachesWhy conducting assessments can help you create an effective and successful exercise program for your potential clientsHow to use the OPT model and design a program for clients with various fitness levelsThe importance of incorporating different types of training concepts to help your clients achieve their fitness goalsA possible future of a personal trainer and how to succeed in your profession while adhering to NASM's standardsFour unique and full-length NASM CPT practice tests - complete with answer key and explanationsAnd so much more!Preparing for an exam, especially one that can dictate the future of your career, can be overwhelming.With this all-in-one study guide, you will find everything you need to prepare and ace the NASM CPT exam - from study materials to practice exams and proven strategies to overcome obstacles and challenges as you take a closer step toward your dream career.Don't let this ultimate study companion slip away.If you're ready to ace the NASM CPT Exam and start your personal trainer career, then you need this book today!
Toxicology of Amphibian Tadpoles
Anuran amphibians are among the animal groups with the highest rate of population decline on the planet. Among the factors driving this decline are environmental pollutants, whose negative effects on larvae and tadpoles are still relatively little studied.
Global Regulations of Medicinal, Pharmaceutical, and Food Products
Medicine regulation demands the application of sound medical, scientific, and technical knowledge and skills, and operates within a legal framework. Regulatory functions involve interactions with various stakeholders (e.g., manufacturers, traders, consumers, health professionals, researchers, and governments) whose economic, social, and political motives may differ, making implementation of regulation both politically and technically challenging. This book discusses regulatory landscape globally and the current global regulatory scenario of medicinal products and food products comprehensively.Features: Discusses how recent developments of medicinal and food products have opened up innovative solutions for many of the current challenges societies face presently. Explores the manifold variations between the regulatory bodies in different countries that have not previously been collected to this extent. Presents details on the substantial progress in analytical methodologies for labelling applications and the creation of appropriate test criteria for pharmaceuticals and their safety analysis. Reviews how more worldwide collaboration and cooperation in the regulatory area is still required.
Clinical Consequences of COVID-19
In this reprint, we collected 17 high-quality and innovative papers investigating several factors that have contributed to the clinical complexity of COVID-19: from host-pathogen interactions to different clinical manifestations, including the impact on healthcare systems and post-COVID-19 consequences. Moreover, several articles published in this reprint focus on the post-disease and long-term effects of COVID-19, including the quality of life of the hospitalized or non-hospitalized patients, and the physical, psychological, and social effects of the pandemic.
Marine Drug Discovery through Computer-Aided Approaches
Computer-Aided Ligand- and Structure-based methodologies are an evolving field in the discovery of Marine Drugs. Computational approaches, chemistry simulation methods using bioinformatics and chemoinformatics tools and databases can be successfully used in the discovery, design and development of new chemical agents for therapeutic purposes by assisting in the structure elucidation of secondary metabolites, repurposing known Marine Natural Products (MNPs) for innovative therapeutic targets, identifying novel hits or leads against selected therapeutic targets and revealing mechanisms of action and supporting medicinal chemistry lead optimization programs.This Special Issue of Marine Drugs entitled "Marine Drug Discovery through Computer-Aided Approaches" aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the great variety of existing and advanced Computer-Aided Approaches for the discovery and identification of molecular agents with added value and health-promoting properties for the development of biotechnological and medical applications.
Silent Killers
After over a decade battling the crippling effects of Lyme disease, mold toxicity, mercury poisoning, and coronavirus, Jennifer C. Brower shares her harrowing health journey and road to recovery in Silent Killers. With mysterious symptoms and unable to get clear answers, Jennifer becomes trapped in a maze of misdiagnoses by doctors who tell her it's "all in your head." As her health further deteriorates and she desperately fights to reclaim her life not just for herself, but for her worried family, she dives headfirst into the world of alternative treatments. In a raw, personal account, Jennifer unpacks the realities of chronic Lyme, mold exposure, heavy metal toxicity, long COVID, and their debilitating co-infections. She opens up about how these "silent killers" permeated every aspect of her life and discusses the many barriers-physical, mental, emotional, financial-she faced on the path to wellness. Backed by commentary from renowned integrative health expert Brian Clement, PhD, LN, and insights from Jennifer's own healthcare team, Silent Killers shines light on these complex illnesses and provides readers with tools and resources for their own healing journeys. Compassionate and uplifting, Jennifer's story serves as a guide to empower anyone struggling toward recovery. With hope, optimism and an unbreakable spirit as her driving force, she serves as a testament for those questioning whether return to health possible after lives have been ravaged by diseases often trivialized or ignored altogether.
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Including Concussion
Most traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases are considered mild. Precise definitions vary, but typically, loss of consciousness and post-traumatic amnesia duration is brief (e.g.
Clinical Management of Movement Disorders
Movement disorders represent a heterogeneous field of Neurology that includes a wide variety of diseases. Phenomenologically, such disturbances are classically distinguished into hyperkinetic and hypokinetic disorders. Clinical evaluation is the gold standard for the diagnosis and management of the majority of movement disorders, but diagnostic criteria continue to suffer from a high error rate. Novel technologies could help to enhance the management of the diagnostic and monitoring process. On the therapeutic level, the current treatments are only symptomatic with the main aim of improving patients' quality of life. The present reprint is a collection of high-quality reviews and original articles focused on various aspects of the clinical management of movement disorders, from relevant diagnostic techniques, to disease progression and symptom monitoring tools, to treatment management.
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Including Concussion
Most traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases are considered mild. Precise definitions vary, but typically, loss of consciousness and post-traumatic amnesia duration is brief (e.g.
Current Perspectives on the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea - Part I
Obstructive sleep apnea is a highly prevalent disorder with strong associations with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, metabolic, and cognitive consequences, including drowsy driving. Positive Airway Pressure treatment is the first-line therapy for adults with obstructive sleep apnea who are symptomatic. However, many individuals with comorbidities do not report symptoms that are associated with the disorder, and adherence to treatment is poor, especially in individuals with cardiovascular diseases. This reprint contains reviews and original articles that aim to update the current perspectives on the treatment modalities of obstructive sleep apnea to highlight multidisciplinary approaches, personalized treatment strategies, and the identification of the predictors of a patient's response to treatment, both in the general population and in clinical cohorts.
Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management of Diseases during Pregnancy
This reprint includes studies on diagnosing, evaluating and managing the pathologies diagnosed during pregnancy. The information provided in these pages is helpful for specialists in obstetrics and gynaecology but also for other medical specialities involved in treating pregnant women with associated pathologies. Studying the articles in the reprint could contribute to improving case management.
Intentionally Interprofessional Palliative Care
Strong professional identities are key to healthy interprofessional teams. When each professional knows their distinctive role within the team, misunderstandings and defensiveness diminish and curiosity and supportiveness about the others' unique contributions blossoms. This book explores the state of the art related to interprofessional palliative care practice and education and focuses on the unique synergy of interprofessional palliative care teams. It explores both the unique specialty contributions of each profession and the shared specialty palliative care activities that all professions on the team are expected to perform. With chapters written and edited by chaplains, nurses, physicians, social workers, and other professionals, this book includes in-depth literature review, theoretical frameworks for research, education, and practice, practical guidance for implementing educational and clinical program development, and inspiring descriptions of an aspirational future for intentionally interprofessional palliative care. Spanning three comprehensive sections, the first provides an overview of the discipline of palliative care, terminology, roles of team members, and theories of interprofessional collaboration. The second explores interprofessional palliative care education, beginning with theory and evidence and then application in academic settings, clinical learning environments, and continuing education. The third examines interprofessional practice in a variety of settings including hospice, hospital, outpatient clinics, and home. Readers from any profession or discipline who are interested in the essence of interprofessional education and practice will find value in the interprofessional approach to palliative care. Professors and teachers of pre-licensure health professions, graduate level courses, and continuing education courses will find Intentionally Interprofessional Palliative Care to be a valuable resource, both for profession-specific and interprofessional learner cohorts.
Solving the Puzzle
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses chronic idiopathic relapsing and remitting gastrointestinal autoimmune diseases characterized by chronic inflammatory disorders of complex etiology, posing clinical challenges due to their often therapy-refractory nature. The primary disorders within the IBD classification are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), sharing similarities but exhibiting distinct differences, sometimes making their discrimination challenging.A prominent feature of IBD is the inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, characterized by the robust and persistent infiltration of immune cells and compromised intestinal barrier integrity, leading to a phenomenon known as "leaky gut." Inflammation can manifest acutely or chronically, known as relapsing, and can increase in severity over time, thereby causing life-long morbidities and reduced quality of life for affected individuals, underscoring the need for a deeper comprehension of the molecular contributors to disease pathogenesis and progression.
Current Insights on Lipid-Based Nanosystems 2023
Lipid-based nanosystems, including solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), cationic lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, and liposomes, have been extensively studied to improve drug delivery through different administration routes. The main advantages linked to these systems are the ability to protect, transport, and control the release of lipophilic and hydrophilic molecules (either small molecular weight or macromolecules); the use of generally recognized as safe (GRAS) excipients that minimize the toxicity of the formulations; and the possibility to modulate pharmacokinetics and enable the site-specific delivery of encapsulated payloads. In addition, the versatility of lipid-based nanosystems has been further demonstrated through the delivery of vaccines, protection of cosmetic actives, or improvement in the moisturizing properties of cosmetic formulations. Currently, lipid-based nanosystems are well established, and there are already different commercially approved formulations for different human disorders. This success has actually paved the way to diversifying the pipeline of development, upon addressing unmet medical needs for several indications, such as cancer; neurological disorders; and autoimmune, genetic, and infectious diseases. This Special Issue aims to update readers on the latest research on lipid-based nanosystems, both at the preclinical and clinical levels.
New Frontiers in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Biologics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Other Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has emerged as a useful tool for optimizing biological treatment in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID). Reactive TDM has rationalized the management of primary non-response and secondary loss of response to biologics, while cumulative evidence suggests that proactive TDM is efficacious for optimizing anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy in patients with IBD. Proactive TDM can be very useful for optimizing biological therapy in specific IBD populations, such as pregnant women as well as patients with perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease and acute severe ulcerative colitis who are characterized by high drug clearance. Preliminary data suggest that proactive TDM may also have a role in de-escalating anti-TNF therapy in patients in clinical remission including stopping the immunomodulator when combined with anti-TNF therapy. However, several knowledge gaps and limitations hinder the wide implementation of TDM in clinical practice, including the optimal drug concentration to target the lag time between sampling and results and the lack of harmonization of TDM assays. Recent advances regarding the role of TDM include the use of rapid point-of-care assays and the incorporation of model-informed precision dosing. The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight the clinical utility of TDM and discuss the barriers and recent advances of TDM of biologics in IBD and other IMID.
Prognostic Factors for Pediatric Tumors
In this Special Issue, recent advancements in the field of pediatric tumors are discussed, and novel prognostic markers are critically appraised. Greater understanding of the heterogeneity of pediatric cancers will ultimately lead to new therapeutic strategies with the potential to provide new prospects for precision medicine in pediatric oncology.
10th Anniversary of Biomedicines
Pain biomarkers are biological indicators or measurable characteristics that can provide information about the presence, severity, or underlying mechanisms of pain. They are valuable for several reasons: Diagnosis and differential diagnosis: Biomarkers can help in the diagnosis of various pain conditions and differentiate between different types of pain, such as neuropathic, inflammatory, or nociceptive pain. This can lead to more accurate and timely diagnoses, which in turn can improve patient care. Monitoring treatment efficacy: Pain biomarkers can be used to track how well treatments are working for individuals suffering from chronic pain conditions. This allows healthcare providers to make informed decisions about adjusting treatment plans, optimizing pain management, and avoiding unnecessary or ineffective interventions. Drug development and testing: Biomarkers play a crucial role in the development of new pain medications and therapies. They can help researchers identify potential drug targets, screen compounds for their pain-relieving properties, and assess the safety and efficacy of experimental treatments in clinical trials. Personalized medicine: Pain biomarkers may, in a future, contribute to treatments, tailored to an individual's unique genetic and biological disposition. Reducing opioid misuse: By using biomarkers to assess pain and treatment responses, healthcare providers can make more informed decisions about opioid prescriptions, potentially reducing the overuse and abuse of these medications.
EMT Study Guide 2024-2025
Introducing our EMT Study Guide 2024-2025: 2 Practice Tests and NREMT Exam Prep Book [6th Edition]! Ascencia Test Prep's EMT Study Guide 2024-2025 includes everything you need to pass the NREMT exam the first time.Quick review of the concepts covered on the NREMT exam2 practice tests with detailed answer explanationsTips and tricks from experienced EMTs & EMT EducatorsAccess to online flash cards, cheat sheets, and moreAscencia Test Prep's EMT Study Guide 2024-2025 is aligned with the official NREMT exam framework. Topics covered include: Human Anatomy and PhysiologyPatient Assessment and transferRespiratory EmergenciesCardiovascular EmergenciesMedical EmergenciesEnvironmental EmergenciesPsychiatric EmergenciesTraumaObstetrical EmergenciesPharmacology and ToxicologySpecial PopulationsEMS OperationsThe Psychomotor Exam The National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians (NREMT) was not involved in the creation or production of this product, is not in any way affiliated with Ascencia Test Prep, and does not sponsor or endorse this product.
Green synthesis of silver Nanoparticles and its method development and validation by UV spectroscopy in bulk pharmaceuticals
Health, Quality of Life and Sport Rehabilitation
The aim of this Special Issue is to specify relevant principles of mathematics and mechanics in order to explore and understand biological problems. We summarize the most important parameters that influence human performance and that are related to the health sciences for all age groups, throughout their lives. We present papers that aim to introduce the latest research in the fields of health, quality-of-life improvement, and sport rehabilitation and that summarize their recommendations for best practice. The aim for this Special Issue is, therefore, to effectively combine and coordinate research and results in order to understand and improve human movement in medicine, sports, and at work.
Clinical Applications of Metronomic Chemotherapy
Metronomic chemotherapy is now, finally, in clinical use. After 20 years of preclinical development and clinical trials, the emerging data will be of paramount importance in allowing us to assess the impact of metronomic chemotherapy on different tumor types. Indeed, it is likely that the next decade will see a major reassessment of the possible applications of metronomic chemotherapy, both alone and in combination with new therapeutic approaches such as immunotherapies, for the management of cancer. Moreover, the results of clinical trials will likely profoundly affect the direction of the laboratory efforts that are going on in parallel and aiming to improve the personalization of this therapeutic strategy. This Special Issue is our attempt to cover the past and present clinical results that have brought us to this pivotal moment and will form the basis of future clinical developments. Scientists and clinicians caring for cancer patients are well aware of the challenges in dealing with this particular therapeutic approach; one such challenge is obtaining improvements in patient survival without significant toxicity. This edition includes clinical research on chemotherapy and ongoing controversies related to metronomic chemotherapy.
NASM CPT Study Guide 2024-2025
Find everything you need to confidently prepare and pass the NASM CPT exam with this all-in-one study guideYou can feel it - you're closer to starting your fitness career as a personal trainer than ever.The only thing standing between you and your dream is the certification exam.And if you plan to work with...People who want to maintain their healthPeople with health conditions, limited mobility, and high risk of injuryProfessional athletes who want to improve their performanceThe National Academy of Sports Medicine or NASM CPT exam can provide the certification you need to succeed in your career.With its comprehensive and practical approaches to ensure safe but effective training, a NASM certificate can provide the knowledge and competence you need to safely guide and train your clients to achieve their fitness goals.However, due to its varying and often challenging topics, approximately only 74% of exam takers pass the NASM CPT exam.But don't let numbers stop you from trying your best.With the right study guide and strategies to maximize preparation time, anyone can pass the NASM CPT exam and start their career.And if you're...Looking for a comprehensive but simple approach to understanding the various topics included in the examSearching for strategies and techniques to overcome test anxiety and other challenges from preparing to taking the examReady to take the next step to jumpstart your career as a certified NASM personal trainerThen you're in the right place.Grab a pen, and don't forget to take notes as you discover: How to physically and mentally prepare yourself for the exam with the ACE MethodAn in-depth discussion on basic and applied sciences and nutritional concepts you will find in the NASM CPT examThe importance of understanding the psychology of exercise and strategies to coach your clients using behavioral approachesWhy conducting assessments can help you create an effective and successful exercise program for your potential clientsHow to use the OPT model and design a program for clients with various fitness levelsThe importance of incorporating different types of training concepts to help your clients achieve their fitness goalsA possible future of a personal trainer and how to succeed in your profession while adhering to NASM's standardsFour unique and full-length NASM CPT practice tests - complete with answer key and explanationsAnd so much more!Preparing for an exam, especially one that can dictate the future of your career, can be overwhelming.With this all-in-one study guide, you will find everything you need to prepare and ace the NASM CPT exam - from study materials to practice exams and proven strategies to overcome obstacles and challenges as you take a closer step toward your dream career.Don't let this ultimate study companion slip away.If you're ready to ace the NASM CPT Exam and start your personal trainer career, then you need this book today!
Management of Acute and Chronic Complications of Lysosomal Storage Diseases in Children and Adults
This reprint, entitled "Management of Acute and Chronic Complications of Lysosomal Storage Diseases in Children and Adults: Current Practice and Future Opportunities", covers broad aspects of this group of rare diseases. The first theme includes articles on the management of pain, corneal clouding, gastrointestinal and airway diseases in Mucopolysaccharidoses and Mucolipidoses, and the evaluation of dysphonia in Pompe disease. Additionally, attention deficit and ADHD and the management of atherosclerosis in Fabry disease are considered here. The second theme includes diagnostic conundrums in lysosomal storage diseases, e.g., the prenatal diagnosis of Gaucher disease during pregnancy, the diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism in Mucolipidoses, and the application of the new biomarker "plasma neurofilament light" in Niemann Pick C disease, as well as the correlation of enzyme activity with molecular diagnosis in Pompe disease. The articles in the third theme describe the impact of therapies on clinical outcomes. For example, a systematic review of the impact of enzyme replacement therapy on late-onset Pompe disease and trehalose use on Niemann Pick A and B is included. The remaining articles describe the NHS processes for overcoming challenges resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and the differences in the transition from paediatric to adult services between different countries.
The Relevance of Nutrition for Pediatric Allergy and Immunity
The topics covered in this Special Issue range from breastfeeding and early-life nutrition to effects on microbiota, infection, allergy, asthma, and the mechanisms of immunomodulation via (the early introduction of) nutrition on infections and the development of (food) allergies.
Digestive Endoscopy
Over the years, digestive endoscopy has gone through a revolution. With different technological improvements, its diagnostic role is indeed becoming more and more sophisticated and is even moving closer to pathological evaluation. Above all, its therapeutic purpose is to date the first line of treatment for several gastrointestinal diseases. Importantly, the role of digestive endoscopy is also crossing over the mere concept of the GI tract and digestive diseases and will probably find a place in a more holistic concept of health.In this Special Issue, several emerging techniques are addressed, highlighting how endoscopy is emerging as a minimally invasive treatment procedure for several gastrointestinal diseases and post-surgical complications. However, crucial to this is the safety of all endoscopic processes, starting from endoscopic suites to the management of intra- and post-procedural complications.
Recent Advance in Biomaterials, Clinical Dentistry and Dental Diseases 2.0
Various classes of natural and synthetic molecules that can be classified as biomaterials find application in all fields of dentistry. Biomaterials should be biocompatible to minimise toxicity and bioactivity to ensure or simulate biological effects. They are used, for instance, to enhance antibacterial activity and improve the healing process. Calcium silicates, for illustration, are biomaterials used in endodontics that have proven their excellent biological, physico-chemical, and mechanical properties. However, some of these are considered too soluble, and this is almost completely due to their hardness when used as endodontic sealers, making endodontic retreatment very difficult. Despite manufacturers' best efforts, it is sometimes difficult to marry bioactivity, biocompatibility, and clinical benefits in a biomaterial; therefore, in this content, the work of researchers is invaluable.
Applied Computer-Aided Drug Design
Designing and developing new drugs is an expensive and time-consuming process, and there is a need to discover new tools or approaches that can optimize this process. Applied Computer-Aided Drug Design: Models and Methods compiles information about the main advances in computational tools for discovering new drugs in a simple and accessible language for academic students to early career researchers. The book aims to help readers understand how to discover molecules with therapeutic potential by bringing essential information about the subject into one volume. Key Features -Presents the concepts and evolution of classical techniques, up to the use of modern methods based on computational chemistry in accessible format. -Gives a primer on structure- and ligand-based drug design and their predictive capacity to discover new drugs. -Explains theoretical fundamentals and applications of computer-aided drug design. -Focuses on a range of applications of the computations tools, such as molecular docking; molecular dynamics simulations; homology modeling, pharmacophore modeling, quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR), density functional theory (DFT), fragment-based drug design (FBDD), and free energy perturbation (FEP). -Includes scientific reference for advanced readers.
Advances in Musculoskeletal Imaging and Their Applications
Modern medical imaging systems provide information about the patient's health condition. Their precision, resolution and sensitivity are increasing, and new possibilities of differentiating the condition of tissue are constantly appearing. These advances are also taking place in musculoskeletal imaging. Increasingly accurate imaging in various modalities allows us to discover new relationships between the image and the diagnosis. It is therefore important to use all this information to best serve the patient. That is why research related to the analysis of medical images is so important, because it allows us to indicate what is invisible to the naked eye or to quantify what has so far been measured by humans or subject to discretionary assessment. This collection includes 25 works related to the analysis of images created during diagnostics of the musculoskeletal system using various modalities-from X-ray and fluoroscopy to conventional or spectral computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, elastography, PET/CT and systems for analyzing patient mechanics. Research was carried out related to the detection of various conditions, parameterization of clinical and population phenomena, and detection of image-clinical condition relationships. Despite the current popularity of machine learning techniques, the collection is dominated by classic engineering methods related to image processing. Several works use textural analysis, which has not been appreciated so far, which is particularly related to the imaging of the structure, especially of bones.
Hsp90 Structure, Mechanism and Disease
The Hsp90 chaperone complex is responsible for the activation and maturation of a vast array of signaling proteins. Recently, there has been a leap in our understanding of the Hsp90 structure and molecular mechanisms involved in such regulation. This has opened a doorway to the underlying mechanisms of disease processes and how we may intervene in such mechanisms to improve prognosis. The focus of this Special Issue is on the recent structural and biochemical advances of Hsp90 that provide insights into the mechanistic activation of Hsp90 on client proteins. It will also include discussions on Hsp90 and its co-chaperones, and their potential as therapeutic targets against human diseases.
Update on Prenatal Diagnosis and Maternal Fetal Medicine
In this Special Issue, we have gathered high-level research papers from all over the world. We would like to thank all researchers for their commitment to the field. From diagnostic ultrasound of different fetal conditions to advanced cardiovascular imaging leading to fetal MRI and from serum markers and biomarkers in maternal and fetal conditions to new modalities in fetal therapy, this Special Issue covers a large scale view of the present spectrum of modern perinatal medicine. Again, a warm thank you to all contributors.
Lifestyle Psychiatry
This book provides a background in psychological theories and biopsychosocial models containing practical information that can be adopted by primary care physicians and other medical professionals who want a knowledge base in this area.
Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Diseases
Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common infections in the world, affecting roughly half of all humans. Although it is not an infection that causes death immediately after infection, it is one of the largest emerging infectious diseases in the history of humankind, causing a wide variety of diseases and, in the long term, serious complications such as stomach cancer. This Reprint contains empirical studies and reviews regarding the diagnosis, treatment, complications, and management of H. pylori infection, including new diagnostic methods, effective eradication regimens, the management of gastric cancer, and other topics.
Discovery Dmpk Quick Guide
This book is intended for a broad readership, in particular, those working or interested in drug discovery coming from various disciplines such as medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, bioanalysis, clinical sciences, biochemistry, pharmaceutics, and toxicology. It provides, for the first time, a completely integrated look at multiple aspects of ADME sciences (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) in a summary format that is clear, concise, and self-explanatory. DMPK in Drug Discovery - Guide to Data Interpretation and integration leverages the prior knowledge from the first book that covers the basics of each concept (Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Quick Guide). This reference book is meant to be used day to day and provides many useful tables (used for data interpretation), figures, and case studies that can facilitate drug discovery. The case studies are intended to be short and relevant to the topic discussed and present another dimension to the discussions.
The Prevention, Treatment, and Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes mellitus is a serious and life-threatening disease that causes complications and doubles the risk of premature death. Different aspects related to the progression of DM have been addressed in this reprint, such as obstructive sleep apnea due to hypoxia implications, microvascular and macrovascular complications, elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and cholesterol, and different oral processes.
Application of Retinal and Optic Nerve Imaging in Clinical Medicine 2.0
This reprint discussed the role of retinal and optic nerve imaging in addition to its application in ophthalmic diseases and clinical medicine. It includes some high-quality articles containing original research results as well as review articles of exceptional merit.
Advances in Knee Surgery
In the orthopedic surgical field, knee surgeries, including articular cartilage repair procedures, meniscus surgery, ligament reconstruction surgery, osteotomy surgery, and partial/total knee arthroplasty surgery, have made great advances over the last few decades.This Special Issue highlights and focuses on the surgical concepts and techniques, decision-making processes, perioperative management protocols, and clinical outcomes of the recent various advanced knee surgery procedures.
Rapamycin
Rapamycin is the most promising life extension drug ever discovered.mTOR and autophagy are a breakthrough in our understanding of aging.Rapamaycin helps re-balance the mTOR/autophagy ratio to delay the onset of age-related diseases.Rapamycin, mTOR, Autophagy & Treating mTOR SyndromeUpdated 2nd Edition is a book about how to successfully increase healthspan and lifespan.
Comorbidities and Complications of Cerebral Palsy
This Special Issue focuses on treating the associated comorbidities and complications of cerebral palsy. Increased prescription of technology means that we are treating some comorbidities of cerebral palsy earlier or even pre-emptively. Increased life expectancy, compared with 20 years ago, means that we are also seeing even later complications of cerebral palsy. However, increased access to intensive medical care at home, non-invasive ventilation, and total parenteral nutrition now exist. There is also greater engagement with the perspectives and expectations of parents/carers and children. As society begins to discuss mental health more openly, we are also starting to recognise the significant two-way associations between disability and mental health. Ethical consultation may be warranted when harm with treatment exceeds the benefit. As we prepare children with cerebral palsy for adulthood, there is more thought and discussion around issues such as pain, mental health, quality of life, independence, and participation. Researchers in the field of cerebral palsy have contributed original articles and reviews which help build our evidence base to guide shared decision making.
Treatment of Cornea and Ocular Surface Diseases
This Special Issue focuses on the comprehensive understanding and novel treatments in the realm of cornea and ocular surface diseases. Ranging from the relatively benign manifestations of keratoconjunctivitis sicca to more critical conditions such as corneal ulcers, ocular surface diseases pose a considerable challenge in clinical ophthalmology. Such conditions can severely compromise the transparency of the cornea, often necessitating interventions such as keratoplasty. A significant emphasis of this edition is on the paramount importance of pre-surgical optimization. A successful keratoplasty is often predicated on the health of the ocular surface. Through a series of insightful articles, the importance of enhancing tear function, rehabilitating the normal lid anatomy, and ensuring a robust limbal stem cell supply is elucidated. Properly addressing these factors has a direct bearing on the success rate of the subsequent surgical intervention. Another highlight of this Special Issue is the presentation of cutting-edge treatments. Researchers from around the globe share their findings, detailing advancements in both surgical and non-surgical treatments. These range from innovative surgical techniques and tools to groundbreaking pharmaceutical agents that hold promise in managing and possibly reversing some of these conditions. In summary, this Special Issue serves as a repository of the latest knowledge in the management of cornea and ocular surface diseases, aimed at both the seasoned ophthalmologist and budding researchers in the field.
Emerging Translational Research in Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases
Translational research is required to uncover the underlying pathomechanisms of neurological and psychiatric disorders, search for new biomarkers, and develop novel therapeutics. Complex polygenic, multifactorial, and heterogeneous mechanisms have been elucidated using in vivo and in vitro models. Advanced preclinical models have recently revealed an intriguing interaction between sex/gender and aging in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite these advances, much work remains to be carried out to fully understand the underlying pathology of these conditions and to develop treatments that can significantly improve the lives of those who suffer from them. The current challenge in the field of neurological and psychiatric disorders is the development of disease-modifying, effective treatments for these complex and long-term debilitating conditions with a high malady burden. The first edition of this research topic, entitled 'Emerging Translational Research in Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases: From In Vitro to In Vivo Models, ' emphasizes the importance of translational research in bridging the gap between basic research and clinical applications. Furthermore, it provided a venue for researchers to share their findings and progress in translational research in this field.
