From Centralised to Decentralising Global Economic Architecture
This book focuses on the recent rise of new regional economic institutions such as the Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralisation, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, which were established, in part, as a result of dissatisfaction of dynamic emerging markets with global economic institutions such as the IMF, the World Bank, and the GATT/WTO. The latter were formed by advanced economies in the West, after the historic Bretton Wood Conference of 1944. In doing so, the book addresses how this recent round of decentralisation, defined as the co-existence of "senior" global institutions and a plethora of newly-established regional institutions, has affected global economic governance, and the delivery of global public goods. It also poses the question if this has led to the fragmentation of global economic governance. The book adds value to existing literature by using a benefit-risk analytical framework to study the decentralisation process. Unlike the "contested multilateralism" argument used by some authors which focuses on the costs of decentralisation, the authors argue that benefits must also be considered. It also describes and analyses the establishment of global and regional international economic institutions and the evolving relationships between the two. Third, the authors argue that this decentralisation process will continue in the postpandemic period and recommend policies to reset the relationship between global and regional institutions. And lastly, the book discusses proposals to reform the international monetary system including the global reserve system with a view to reducing the hegemony of the US dollar.Throughout the book, the role for Asia is also identified, and elaborated on.
States, Markets and Wars in Global History
This wide-ranging book focuses on the economic and political changes that have taken place between the advent of globalization and the COVID-19 pandemic and assesses how this may bring about a profound reconfiguration of the global political system. Sapelli considers a range of developments in different spheres, from international to national politics, military aggressions, and worldwide political trends such as the rise of populism, to illuminate the moment of neoliberal crisis in which we now live. He argues that Europe and its institutions in particular no longer demonstrate a model of diplomacy and statesmanship, with the rise of technocratic structures and elitism reflecting how an ideal of 'global convergence' towards liberalism and democracy no longer holds true. The book then considers how a new international order based on the reason of state can be brought about by global cooperation between the US, Russia and China, along with a return to properly regulated finance and a renewed focus on community in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic. The book will be of interest to those working in international economics and international relations, as well as academics of economic history and political economy.
Social Protection Program Spending and Household Welfare in Ghana
Ghana administers multiple social protection programs. One of these, pensions provided by the Social Security and National Insurance Trust, has a long history, but others-the Ghana School Feeding Programme, Labor-Intensive Public Works program, Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty program, and National Health Insurance Scheme-have been introduced and expanded only over the past two decades. Social Protection Program Spending and Household Welfare in Ghana assesses the performance of the government of Ghana's main social assistance and social insurance programs. The study discusses the programs' main design and implementation parameters; summarizes existing evaluative and operational research; and examines the patterns and trends in program benefit spending, using government administrative data, and the programs' coverage rates, incidence, and effectiveness for reducing poverty and inequality, using recent national household sample survey data. Furthermore, the study examines the relationship between household participation in social assistance programs and exposure to adverse covariate shocks-specifically, possible weather-related shocks-on the basis of high-resolution climate risk maps for the country.
The New Dynamics of Development
Today, the United States seems to be taking a leading role in anti-globalization. What impact will this have on the future of globalization and the development of the world economy? How should developing countries respond to the changes? This book systematically collates and analyzes China's unique development model while reflecting on China's challenges and countermeasures in the face of the globalization crisis. The author shares his in-depth thinking on many trending issues such as technological innovation, green development, financial reform, international cooperation, and China's foreign relations. This book highlights the urgency and necessity of global governance to achieve the common good in the global community, and it also reflects China's long-term commitments and practices to contribute to peacebuilding and sustainable development. The target readers of this book are scholars, analysts, instructors, and students in the fields of regional studies (especially China studies), economics, and political science. This book and the selected chapters could be used as additional reading materials for English-taught courses about Chinese studies, economics, and political science.
Subregional International Economic Integration
This work uses international economics and space economics theory to study the regional economic integration of China's border areas with the increasing integration of China's border areas, and to realize the theory and countermeasures of economic development across border areas. As China's economy pivots towards neighboring developing countries in Southeast Asia, new economic rhythms come into being; this book seeks to explore the practicalities thereof, in a text that will interest economic researchers, researchers of China's economy, and scholars of international relations.
Patterns of Economic Change by State and Area 2023
Patterns of Economic Change by State and Area: Income, Employment, and Gross Domestic Product is a special edition of Business Statistics of the United States. It presents data on personal income, employment, and gross domestic product for the United States as a whole, and by region, state, and metropolitan statistical area (MSA). Data on personal income and employment extends back to 1960 for the states and regions and to 1970 for the MSAs. Patterns of Economic Change complements other Bernan Press titles such as the State and Metropolitan Area Data Book and County and City Extra. In contrast to their predominantly current and detailed cross-section data on states and metropolitan areas, this book contributes historical time-series measurements of key aggregates that show how the economies of regions, states, and metropolitan areas have responded over time to cyclical currents and long-term trends. Statistics at the state level provide a framework for analyzing current economic conditions in each state and can serve as a basis for decision making. For example: Federal government agencies use the statistics as a basis for allocating funds and determining matching grants to states. The statistics are also used in forecasting models to project energy and water use.State governments use the statistics to project tax revenues and the need for public services.Academic regional economists use the statistics for applied research.Businesses, trade associations, and labor organizations use the statistics for market research.A new section on expenditures and regional price parities by state and MSA has been added to reflect current inflation and migration patterns since COVID-19.
Understanding Sustainability Principles and Esg Policies
This textbook explores sustainability, climate change, and the corporate responsibility movement from a broad array of perspectives, including the challenges, risks, and opportunities of ESG policies, energy and environmental science, economics and philosophy, and sound public and private sector management. There is no intergenerational issue that is more pressing than the challenge of sustainability and climate change. It is a concern that will only worsen within any reader's lifetime, especially if we fail to act. At the same time, there is growing concern among corporations arising from the Environment, Social and Governance (ESG) paradigm that includes climate risk, future profits, and stakeholder expectations. Many of our leading institutions also increasingly acknowledge a responsibility for corporate decisions since the onset of the Industrial Revolution that plays no small role in bringing us to the existential precipice of our day. This book provides necessary tools of sufficient sophistication to address complex intergenerational issues, such as global warming, economic justice and fairness, appropriate intergenerational planning, sustainable finance, corporate risk management, and governance. The book offers a vital resource for students, shareholders, sustainability practitioners, agencies, and advocates interested in climate action, intergenerational accountability, and economic sustainability.
Capitalists Arise!
Peter Georgescu arrived in this country as a penniless Romanian refugee and rose to become the CEO of Young & Rubicam. This is why he's so heartsick that with flat wages, disappearing jobs, and a shrinking middle class, his kind of rags-to-riches story doesn't seem possible now. But he has a message for his fellow CEOs: we're the ones who must take the lead in fixing the economy. Marshaling deeply sobering statistics, Georgescu depicts the stark reality of America today: a nation with greater wealth inequality and lower social mobility than just about any other country in the developed world. But the problem isn't that free-market capitalism no longer works-it's that it's been hijacked by shareholder primacy. Where once our business leaders looked to the needs and interests of a variety of stakeholders-employees, community members, the business itself-now they're myopically focused on maximizing their shareholders' quarterly returns. Capitalists Arise! shows how the short-term thinking spawned by shareholder primacy lies at the root of our current economic malaise and social breakdown. But Georgescu offers concrete actions that capitalists themselves can take to create a better future. The irony is that if businesses do this, shareholders will do even better. In the long run, businesses can thrive only when society is healthy and strong. This book is a manifesto calling on capitalists to heal the nation that has given them so much.
The Market Mind Hypothesis
What is economics' missing link? Recent economic crises have had a devastating impact on society. Worryingly, they gravely risked a collapse of the financial system. These crises also painfully revealed economics' blind spots. Crucially, economics is not an innocent bystander but central to the problem. In this pioneering book, Patrick Schotanus explains that economics' mechanical worldview is the ontological error which leads to flawed thinking and faulty practices. The Market Mind Hypothesis (MMH) thus calls it "mechanical economics" it not only erroneously views but also dangerously treats the economy as a machine, the market as an automaton, and its agents as robots. Inspired by heterodox economic and leading cognitive thinkers, this book offers an alternative paradigm. Central to MMH's psychophysical worldview is the fact that consumers, investors, and other participants are conscious beings and that their minds' extension makes consciousness a reality in markets, exemplified by market mood. Specifically, denial of the complex mind matter exchanges as the essence of markets means the extended mind body problem is economics' elephant in the room. The book argues that if mechanical economics is the answer, we have been asking the wrong questions. Moreover, we will not solve our economic predicaments by doubling down on the assumption of rationality, nor by identifying yet another behavioural bias. Instead, scholars and students of economics and finance as well as finance practitioners need to investigate--through cognitive economics--the deep links between markets and minds to better understand both. With a foreword by investment strategist Russell Napier, an intermezzo by neuroscientist and complexity pioneer Scott Kelso, and an afterword by 4E cognition philosopher Julian Kiverstein.
From State To Markets
In this book, From State to Markets: Journey of the Jamaican Economy, the author has produced a comprehensive and up-to-date work on the development of Jamaica's modern economy from Independence to the present. This journey of the Jamaican economy, described in magisterial style by Cezley Sampson, did not begin in 1962, but had its antecedents in 300 years of British colonial rule, characterized by a dominant sugar monoculture, monopolistic control of essential services and industries, dependence on imperial trading preferences and an underdeveloped Public Service that was neglectful of the rural poor in particular.Sampson traces the post-independence development of Jamaica's public sector and public enterprises, in the areas of competition policy, law and institutions and in the provision of essential services of health, education and water. He outlines in meticulous detail, the reform processes undertaken by the different political administrations that have resulted in the creation of executive agencies and the plethora of regulatory institutions that are today, essential parts of Jamaica's economic governance landscape.But the work does more than that; it provides a sweeping history of the country's economic experience of what the author describes as the 'socialist economic policy adventure of the 1970s' and its replacement by a take-over of Jamaica's economic policymaking into a forcible clientelist relationship with the International Financial Institutions in the period of the 1980s and beyond. However, starting in the decade of the 1990s, the country was able to gradually free itself from the grip of the Washington Consensus with their advocacy of supply-side economics and, through a process of privatisation, begin to transition into the market driven economy that we know today.The book tells the story of the privatisation of the Jamaican economy through case studies of six core sectors of the economy namely Aviation (Air Jamaica and the two international airports); Agriculture (divestment of sugar-producing enterprises); Telecommunications liberalisation; Financial sector liberalisation and the privatisation of National Commercial Bank; Electricity sector liberalisation and regulation; and Public/Private partnership in the Road Sector.An outstanding feature of this work is the range of reference material the author has gleaned from published works by the country's leading economists as well as reports from state agencies Ministry Papers and other official documents, supplemented by numerous maps, tables, graphs and other statistical material.
Social, health, and economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the epidemiological control measures
The COVID-19 pandemic posed a major threat to the well-being of older Europeans. Its economic and social effects, however, varied across countries. This multidisciplinary book presents the first results of analyses that combined the renowned longitudinal database of SHARE with new data from two telephone surveys that were uniquely conducted during the pandemic. The analyses address important policy-related issues, such as: Did social distancing destabilize family and social support networks? Did the pandemic increase health, social and economic inequality? Who had to forego essential health care because of the pandemic? Did lockdown affect one's physical and mental health? Did the shift towards remote work affect workload and well-being? Were different housing conditions related to the spread of the virus?
Scandinavia and South America--A Tale of Two Capitalisms
This book takes a comparative approach to economic history to offer ways to increase our understanding of the divergence between South America and Scandinavia. In particular, the book aims to deepen our understanding of why the two groups of countries have set out on radically different pathways with regard to industrialisation, long-term economic growth and income distribution. The book draws together the results of two separate projects focusing on this comparison. The first of these projects focuses on two of the so-called settler societies of South America, namely Uruguay and Argentina, sometimes called the Pampas region. Australia and New Zealand, two other settler societies, are also considered, adding a further contrasting effect. These settler societies are compared with Scandinavia, in its broad terms, including Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Finland. The second of these projects focuses on comparisons between Brazil and Sweden. Together, the two projects have engaged the minds of economic historians from Brazil, Uruguay and Sweden. This book will be of interest to researchers and students in economic history and economic development more broadly.
Concordian Economics, Vol. 1
This is the first part of a two-volume set on Concordian economics, a new paradigm whose core completes the Aristotelian-Aquinian project of economic justice. The book delves into the history of economics and presents Concordian economics as a response to the concerns and shortcomings of mainstream economics. Demand-side economics is represented in the process of consumption--the expenditure of monetary wealth to acquire real wealth and financial wealth of a different nature. In contrast, supply-side economics is represented in the production process, the process of producing real wealth, e.g. tables, chairs and foodstuffs. Institutionalists will also welcome this book because it ties the world of real wealth to that of monetary wealth through the process of distributing the value of ownership of both monetary and real wealth as they are created. The book begins with an introduction to Concordian economics, followed by a discussion of how to restore relevance to the fieldof economic studies. It also presents a revision of the Keynesian model designed to gradually address the major social, economic, and political causes of discord. Moreover, the author warns against the separation of economics from the world of physical things as well as the world of legal and moral issues. Following a discussion on the measurement of real wealth, econometrics is introduced in accordance with the categories of Concordian economics. Lastly, the book develops a theory of economic justice by defining a set of economic rights and responsibilities that guide economic behavior and policy.This book appeals to scholars and students of economics and related fields, as well as anyone interested in reintegrating economics into the social context.
Input Trade Liberalization in China
This book focuses on input trade liberalization in China and discusses the underlying causes and profound effects of Chinese enterprises facing import liberalization of intermediate input. The content of this book includes ten chapters. The analysis of this book mainly uses academic research, with policy study for a few chapters. Most chapters in this book apply the standard method of contemporary economic systems, integrating into the most advanced economic theories of international trade. The author uses theoretical models to obtain predictions which receive empirical support and carries out strict empirical research using data of China's manufacturing enterprises and China's customs to analyze the causes which affect Chinese enterprises facing import liberalization of intermediate input after China's reform and opening-up. The suggested readership would be the public who are willing to understand the issues closely related to China's input trade liberalization and opening-up policy, and basic knowledge in economics would be necessary in understanding the academic research part of the book. Meanwhile, this book is also specifically compelling to business persons and policy makers in that it enables deeper understanding on issues about outward foreign investment of enterprises and China's opening-up policy and facilitates their decision-making process.
American Monetary Policy Adjustment and Its Impacts
This book reviews the historical evolution of U.S. monetary policy, and then uses various methods such as mathematical models and econometric analysis to study the impact of U.S. monetary policy adjustments on the domestic economy and the spillover effects on the world economy. Finally, it summarizes the challenges faced by the Chinese economy in the post financial crisis era and proposes relevant countermea-sures and suggestions for China to respond to U.S. monetary policy adjustments.
Danish Capitalism in the 20th Century
This book outlines the origins of Danish Capitalism and prosperity, from a poor and devastated minor state in the 19th century to a consolidated universal mixed economy welfare state at the end of the 20th century. The book argues that firm-based innovation drove Danish prosperity and redistributive capacity. It is a comprehensive but manageable examination of the institutions and choices that shaped a highly innovative and wealthy nation. The book relies on history and economic theory, presents commonly accepted narratives and theories, and contributes new explanations. Therefore, the book also traces both antecedents and the current state of 20th-century capitalism in Denmark and particular outcomes and critical institutions such as firm age, the labor market, and pension schemes. The book will be of interest to academics in business history and economic policy, as well as policymakers and all those interested in mixed economy studies.
Money Has No Value
We need a new theory of money. The still-dominant theory of money as taught in intro textbooks is 100+ years old, and for almost that long we have known that it's totally wrong. The best alternative are "heterodox" accounts developed in the 90s and 00s. These are indeed better overall descriptions of money, but they remain incomplete and inadequate: they rely too much on why the orthodoxy is wrong, thereby incorrectly assuming there is only one alternative (so-called heterodoxy). Money has no value develops a new (more subtle, more sophisticated) theory of money. It takes more seriously than any other work to date, the depth and seriousness of the fundamental claim that all money is credit. Money is not a thing, but a marker of a social relation of credit and debt between two parties. Money is not value itself; no form of money (as money) ever possesses any positive, intrinsic value. Second, the book shows that not only is all money credit, but that in an important theoretical sense, all credit is money to the extent any credit/debt between two parties has the potential to be transferred to another party (thereby functioning as money). Finally, the book links this radical credit theory of money to today's concrete money practices: this includes global capital flows, national and international monetary policy, and most of all the daily turnover in the money markets. The book therefore develops the needed conceptual framework to ask questions like: what is going on with Bitcoin (much less GameStop) in 2021.
The Evolving Structure of South Africa's Economy
South Africa still faces low economic growth and high unemployment, coupled with the persistent challenges of poverty and inequality. These exert pressure on South Africa to foster structural transformation that will facilitate a more inclusive and resilient economy.Authors apply multiple theoretical and empirical perspectives to take stock of the historical and contemporary structure of the South African economy, its evolving nature and possible future pathways. The explore how South Africa's structural transformation agenda is affected by the global context, and discuss debates on the extreme social impacts of globalised and financialised economic structures.Contributors offer technical and analytical discussions of the overlapping structural faultlines that produce uneven economic performance. They explain the changes and continuities of South Africa's economic structure, bound by an analytical thread that centres power relations and political settlements. Varied chapters explain how poor governance and corruption have slowed down structural reform. This has been further exacerbated by the inconsistent availability of energy and the deterioration of logistics.The book details the structural reforms and policy regimes necessary for increasing productive capacity in South Africa's agriculture, manufacturing, agro-processing. retail and services, energy and mining industries. It also reflects on the role that micro- and informal enterprises can play if afforded the necessary support. The technical details and analyses in the book highlight the need for a radical review of macroeconomic policy to reduce the country's chronic vulnerability to poverty and inequality.
Richard F. Kahn
This book brings together important essays by Richard F. Kahn, Keynes's pupil and literary executor and one of the most influential economists in the Cambridge tradition. The essays address issues, including imperfect competition, pricing mechanisms, inflation, unemployment, and the regulation of international trade and finance, that are highly relevant and topical They are addressed from a Keynesian perspective, with the interface between economic theory and policy explored. With the inclusion of a new introduction, the essays are placed in their own context and offer the key to understand their relevance for the present. Richard F. Kahn: Collected Economic Essays is a fitting companion to the 1972 collection of essays, edited by Kahn himself. It will be of interest to scholars and students as a key to an outstanding economist and a great figure in the Keynesian tradition.
International Trade and FDI
This book is for use in IMBA, MIB, LLM and other graduate programs; in university-based executive development programs; and in in-company seminars - and for use as a handbook and reference book by managers, executives, board members, consultants, and legal counsel who are engaged in the practice of international trade and/or foreign direct investment (FDI).The authors provide an advanced introduction to international trade and FDI terms, concepts, principles, and practices - and to the governmental, intergovernmental, and nongovernmental factors that regulate or facilitate the conduct of international trade and FDI. These factors include: tariff barriers, non-tariff barriers, and other barriers to trade;entry and post-entry barriers to FDI;provisions contained in the GATT and other trade instruments;the functionalities of the WTO, other global mechanisms, and regional trade blocks; andinternational standards, the harmonization of laws, and the settlement of disputes.The material in the book is drawn from multiple disciplines, which include international relations, international trade, international law, and economic and diplomatic history; relies primarily on original source materials; makes extensive use of examples; and is formatted to facilitate its use as a textbook, handbook, and reference book.
Money Has No Value
We need a new theory of money. The still-dominant theory of money as taught in intro textbooks is 100+ years old, and for almost that long we have known that it's totally wrong. The best alternative are "heterodox" accounts developed in the 90s and 00s. These are indeed better overall descriptions of money, but they remain incomplete and inadequate: they rely too much on why the orthodoxy is wrong, thereby incorrectly assuming there is only one alternative (so-called heterodoxy). Money has no value develops a new (more subtle, more sophisticated) theory of money. It takes more seriously than any other work to date, the depth and seriousness of the fundamental claim that all money is credit. Money is not a thing, but a marker of a social relation of credit and debt between two parties. Money is not value itself; no form of money (as money) ever possesses any positive, intrinsic value. Second, the book shows that not only is all money credit, but that in an important theoretical sense, all credit is money to the extent any credit/debt between two parties has the potential to be transferred to another party (thereby functioning as money). Finally, the book links this radical credit theory of money to today's concrete money practices: this includes global capital flows, national and international monetary policy, and most of all the daily turnover in the money markets. The book therefore develops the needed conceptual framework to ask questions like: what is going on with Bitcoin (much less GameStop) in 2021.
The Good Life and Its Discontents
A New York Times Business Book Bestseller "Shrewd and optimistic. . . . [The Good Life and Its Discontents] combines first-rate analysis with persuasive historical, political and sociological insights." --The New Republic Today Americans are wealthier, healthier, and live longer than at any previous time in our history. As a society, we have never had it so good. Yet, paradoxically, many of us have never felt so bad. For, as Robert J. Samuelson observes in this visionary book, our country suffers from a national sense of entitlement--a feeling that someone, whether Big Business or Big Government, should guarantee us secure jobs, rising living standards, social harmony, and personal fulfillment. In The Good Life and Its Discontents, Samuelson, a national columnist for Newsweek and the Washington Post, links our rising expectations with our belief in a post-Cold War vision of an American utopia. Using history, economics, and psychology, he exposes the hubris of economists and corporate managers and indicts a government that promises too much to too many constituencies. Like David Reisman's The Lonely Crowd and John Kenneth Galbraith's The Affluent Society, the result is a book that defines its time--and that is sure to shape the national debate for years to come. "A smart, balanced epitaph for an era--with a few clues for what's ahead." --Business Week "Lucid [and] nonsectarian . . . Samuelson traces how the reasonable demand for progress has given way to the excessive demand for perfection." --The New York Times
Financial Risk Management and Climate Change Risk
Financial risk management for institutional investors has recently grown in scope to include long-term sustainability considerations and climate change risk concerns. This book shows how a national central bank in the Eurosystem has adapted its financial risk management principles and practices against the background of non-conventional monetary policy measures and following the introduction of sustainability criteria, with a special role for carbon-neutrality. The topics covered include a market-based approach to evaluating credit risk, the development of an independent credit rating system, and the properties and limitations of agencies' sovereign ratings. Furthermore, the book analyzes the integration of sustainability principles into strategic asset allocation and describes the use of machine learning techniques for discerning the role of the E, S and G variables in equity returns. The authors also discuss the growth of the global green bond market and the greenium, as well as the sustainability indicators for large portfolios of corporate and government securities. Given its scope, the book will appeal to all professionals working in the field who would like to know the state-of-the-art in these areas.
Financial Inclusion in China
This book aims to provide first-hand information for readers who are concerned about inclusive finance and sustainable development by summarizing China's policy measures and practical innovations in the development of inclusive finance and expects to provide China's experience for the development of inclusive finance in more regions. From a worldwide perspective, a large number of people had been excluded from formal financial services for a long time due to various factors. Even in developed economies with sound financial systems, relatively disadvantaged groups are often denied access to effective financial services. In 2005, the United Nations proposed the concept of Inclusive Finance, emphasizing the extension of financial services to less developed regions and low-income groups in society at an affordable cost by improving financial infrastructure and providing them with reasonably priced and convenient financial services. In 2015, the United Nations adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, making inclusive finance an important focus for achieving sustainable development. It has become a global consensus to vigorously develop inclusive finance. China has attached importance to improving financial services for disadvantaged groups such as rural residents, micro-, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and others. In 2013, Developing "Inclusive Finance" became China's national strategy. In 2015, China formulated the Plan for Promoting the Development of Inclusive Finance (2016-2020). In 2016, during its presidency of the Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion (GPFI), China proposed the issue of "Digital Financial Inclusion" and issued the G20 High-level Principles for Digital Financial Inclusion at the G20 Hangzhou Summit in the same year. Through policy guidance and active practice by the financial sector, China has gradually formed a unique development model of inclusive finance and achieved remarkable successes. Physical outlets, service machines and online service channels have been improved, and basic financial services have generally covered both urban and rural areas. The financial services for rural households and MSMEs have improved significantly. The efficiency and convenience of financial services have been significantly improved, and the satisfaction of financial services has significantly increased. China's experience in inclusive finance has been recognized by the international community. In 2017, five cases from China were selected in the G20 report on Digital Financial Inclusion: Emerging Policy Approaches.
A Practical Guide to Macroeconomics
There is an uncomfortably large gulf between academic research and what policy economists use to understand the economy. A Practical Guide to Macroeconomics shows how economists at policy institutions approach important real-world questions and explains why existing academic work - theoretical and empirical - has little to offer them. It argues that this disconnect between theory and practice is problematic for policymaking and the economics profession and looks at what's needed to make academic research more relevant for policy. The book also covers topics related to economic measurement and provides a compact overview of US macroeconomic statistics that will help researchers use these data in a better-informed way.
The Community of Oil Exporting Countries
The Community of Oil Exporting Countries (1972) looks at the oil producing countries of the developing world and their economic reliance on oil. This reliance comes with an unwillingness to leave their economic fate to the vagaries of competition, leading to co-operative schemes that protect them from trade receipt fluctuations. This book is a close reading of the situation, and the resulting co-operative efforts.
Chronology of Venezuelan Oil
Chronology of Venezuelan Oil (1969) covers all aspects of the Venezuelan petroleum industry's historical evolution: technical, legal, economic, social and political to create a reference source for scholars, teachers, executives, professionals and technicians, as well as students of the industry.
Venezuela's Oil
Venezuela's Oil (1978) explains the years of social injustice faced by oil-producing countries that led to the founding of OPEC. Venezuela, a founder member, is perhaps the best example of a young country claiming a just price for a non-renewable commodity.
The Oil Industry in India
The Oil Industry in India (1971) examines the issues relating to the oil industry of an oil-importing country. It looks at the pricing of crude oil and refined products, the economic significance of a domestic refining industry, the problems of joint production, and the roles of the Indian government and the foreign oil companies.
The Quest for Oil
The Quest for Oil (1970) examines all aspects of the oil industry - what oil is, where it is found, how fuels are produced, transported and sold, and the ways in which the fuels are used.
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia (1986) is a major study of the political and administrative development of Saudi Arabia following its establishment as a leading world exporter of oil. It looks at the status of oil in the development of the state, as well as the political systems of government in the Kingdom.
Modern Monetary Theory
Modern Monetary Theory has soared in popularity in response to the covid-19 pandemic and subsequent impacts to economies.This book offers a rigorous, detailed and balanced analysis of the contributions to the Modern Monetary Theory debate, incorporating the arguments of proponents and those who point to its limitations and obstacles.
A Practical Guide to Macroeconomics
There is an uncomfortably large gulf between academic research and what policy economists use to understand the economy. A Practical Guide to Macroeconomics shows how economists at policy institutions approach important real-world questions and explains why existing academic work - theoretical and empirical - has little to offer them. It argues that this disconnect between theory and practice is problematic for policymaking and the economics profession and looks at what's needed to make academic research more relevant for policy. The book also covers topics related to economic measurement and provides a compact overview of US macroeconomic statistics that will help researchers use these data in a better-informed way.
The Role of Financial Management and Business Uncertainty
Seminar paper from the year 2022 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: 10, language: English, abstract: Financial management plays one of the most important roles in running a successful business. It is necessary to minimise costs, maximise profits and plan or manage the financial resources of the company. In times of crisis, financial management skills are even more important. Economic uncertainty can have significant negative consequences for businesses. Economic uncertainty has been found to significantly reduce the performance of companies. Economic uncertainty worldwide has reached record levels in recent years. I will describe the impact of economic uncertainty on companies and the financial management function. I have found that an adverse shock to economic uncertainty has a negative effect on real GDP. If we want the economy to perform well, we need to monitor economic uncertainty and respond appropriately. Management must incorporate stress-testing procedures, investments, business strategies and economic forecasts into their decision-making processes if they want to see stable and profitable business operations.
The Paradox of Gender Equality and Economic Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa
This Element provides an in-depth analysis of the role of women's ownership of and access to land in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in determining gender equality and women's economic and social outcomes and gives suggestions to inform effective gender-sensitive land policies. Using cross-sectional regression analysis, we find that ownership of land by women positively contributes to women's absolute employment. Conversely, results from pairwise correlation show that a lack of ownership of land by women is highly correlated with increased women's unemployment. Despite these findings, the proportion of women who own land in SSA is lower than that of men. Moreover, women usually acquire land through either purchase from the market system or marriage, and even then their rights of ownership are usually very limited and precarious compared to the rights of men.
Distribute Right
This book creates awareness among the distributors and educates how brands and channel's sales work. The book helps distributors grow their business and generate better opportunity for them. Readers of this book will be able to recognise the mistakes that people generally commit before choosing a brand for distribution and they will know how to maximize profits in distribution business. In addition to these, the book will also help its readers choose entry and exit strategy in order to get extra mileage in distribution business. Sachin Agarwal along with his brother Sumit Agarwal entered into business at very young age. Born and brought up in Assam, Sachin and Sumit stayed in Haryana for sometime in a small town named Jhajjar. In the year 1999-2000, they shifted to Bangalore and established their business there. Their Uncle Deepak Mittal, played an important Role in their enterpreneurial journey. Slowly both Sachin and Sumit associated themselves with top brands like Microtek, Exide, Luminous, Massimo and became renowned battery-ups distributors in South India. Their relentlessly efforts and hard work has paid them sufficiently with their quality network of business people, wealth, knowledge, and team. Both young entrepreneurs are determined to build a company of rs.1000 crore soon.
Recent Development in Rice Mill Industry
This book, as its name suggests, contains all the recent development in rice mill industry. The book is for all those rice mill owners who are worried about the rejection of sample of their rice. The book provides all the information about rice milling that worth knowing. In addition to these, the book does also talk about the ways the broken percentage of kernels can be reduced. Right from the content to language, the book is readers' friendly and a must-buy for the rice mill owners.
Explaining Technology
A long tradition explains technological change as recombination. Within this tradition, this Element develops an innovative combinatorial model of technological change and tests it with 2,000 years of global GDP data and with data from US patents filed between 1835 and 2010. The model explains 1) the pace of technological change for a least the past two millennia, 2) patent citations and 3) the increasing complexity of tools over time. It shows that combining and modifying pre-existing goods to produce new goods generates the observed historical pattern of technological change. A long period of stasis was followed by sudden super-exponential growth in the number of goods. In this model, the sudden explosion of about 250 years ago is a combinatorial explosion that was a long time in coming, but inevitable once the process began at least two thousand years ago. This Element models the Industrial Revolution as a combinatorial explosion.
Adam Smith's System
Inspired by his lectures on rhetoric and by game theory, this book provides a new interpretation of Adam Smith's system of thought. It highlights its coherence through the identification of three reasoning routines and a meta-reasoning routine throughout his work on languages, rhetoric, moral sentiments, self-command, and the nature and causes of the wealth of nations. The identification of these reasoning routines allows the authors to uncover a hitherto poorly understood deep structure of Smith's work and to explain its main characteristics. How these routines emerged in Smith's early research on the principles of the human mind is also traced. This book sheds new light on Adam Smith and his work, highlighting his sophisticated understanding of strategic interaction in all things rhetorical, moral, and economic. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in the history of ideas, the history of economic thought, game theory, Enlightenment studies, and rhetoric.
Globalisation and Energy Transition in Latin America and the Caribbean
This book explores the potential for renewable energy development and the adoption of sustainable production processes in Latin America and the Caribbean. By examining the energy transition process, the impact of environmental degradation, and the relationship between renewable energy sources and economic growth, the effects of increased globalisation and liberalisation in this part of the world are analysed. Particular attention is given to renewable energy investment, the energy-economics growth nexus, the impact of trade openness, and the mitigation of carbon emissions. This book aims to highlight econometric techniques that can be used to tackle issues relating to globalisation, the energy transition, and environmental degradation. It will be relevant to researchers and policymakers interested in energy and environmental economics.
Economics for Dummies
Learn the basics of economics and keep up to date on our ever-changing economy Whether you're studying economics in high school or college, or you're just interested in taking a peek into the complexities of how money moves, Economics For Dummies is the go-to reference that transforms complex economic concepts into easy-to-understand reading. With the simple explanations in this book, you'll master key topics like supply and demand, consumer behavior, and how governments and central banks attempt to avoid--or at least ameliorate--business downturns and recessions. Plus, you'll learn what's going on these days with inflation, interest rates, labor shortages, and the Federal Reserve. Studying for an exam? This Dummies guide has your back, with online practice and chapter quizzes to help you get the score you need. It's time to recon econ, the Dummies way. Get a grasp on the unchanging fundamentals of economics Dive into behavioral economics and consumer decision making Learn what drives economic growth and inequality Solidify your knowledge with practice questions and quizzes Economics For Dummies is an approachable reference book for students, as well as an informative guide for anyone interested in learning more about today's economy.
The Labor of Extraction in Latin America
Natural resource extraction and primary commodity export remain persistent features of the Latin American economy. This edited volume traces the power of labor in extractive sectors in Latin America starting in the 1980s and shows how labor shapes national export sectors, economies, politics, and societies more broadly. Kristin Ciupa and Jeffery R. Webber bring together a team of international experts who look at labor in several extractive sectors--including oil and gas, mining and agriculture, and migrant labor. They present a variety of viewpoints and case studies, exploring themes of the strategic organizing potential of extractive workers, the rise of informal labor and its impact on organizing and worker solidarity, and migrant labor-power as extraction. The book analyzes relationships between workers, extractive companies, states, political parties, national social sectors, and global commodity markets. The Labor of Extraction in Latin America puts the question of labor organizing to the forefront of discussions on Latin America's ongoing history of extractive capitalism, its effects on nature, and resistance against it.Contributions by: Fernando Caz籀n, Kristin Ciupa, Aleida Hern獺ndez Cervantes, Phillip A. Hough, Christopher Little, Omar Manky, Andrea Marston, Viviana Patroni, Guido Starosta, Jeffery R. Webber, Anna Zalik
Environmental Innovation
A guide for our future that Booklist praises as "a practical and compelling deep dive into high-level solutions to address climate change, its impact on the economy, and our very survival."Defines the challenges facing climate goals and offers achievable solutions to meet these goals by 2050--without sacrificing economic growth.Climate change and other environmental dangers are considered an existential threat, yet mankind is falling further behind in addressing these challenges. Policies aimed at fixing these issues have consistently missed the mark by focusing on the symptoms, such as CO2 emissions, rather than the root cause problems, such as the limitations of human systems and global poverty. In Environmental Innovation, Jack Buffington provides a unique perspective on environmental sustainability and how it can be addressed: rather than assuming humans can solve environmental challenges as a global community and indirectly blaming poverty and overpopulation on the poor, Buffington points to 21st-century solutions to reduce poverty levels, transform human systems, and enable environmental innovation. If we correct the failures of environmental policy that has existed for five decades, there are great possibilities for solving the planet's existential crisis. Buffington also highlights innovation opportunities in energy, food systems, water, materials, geopolitics, and ecosystems. Ultimately, Environmental Innovation provides a comprehensive perspective of how the world needs to define the problem of environmental sustainability, with specific focus on the great divide between the rich Global North and the poor and developing Global South. Readers will come away with a clear, detailed roadmap for how environmental sustainability can be achieved by 2050 and what technologies are required to achieve this balance between the natural and built environments. For humanity to succeed, Buffington argues we must replace the grandiose notions of the so-called global community and instead create new models for action that are consistent with human progress over thousands of years.
China's New Development Strategies
This book examines China's new development policies, which seek to reposition China from export platform for a diverse array of low-cost consumer goods to technological leader in sectors linked to advanced manufacturing, artificial intelligence, electric vehicles, e-commerce, and new internet-related production networks oriented to China's large domestic market. Focusing on the post-2010 period, the book shows how China's central government programs and reforms ("upgrading from above") are coupled with a wide variety of local government policies, firm strategies, and domestic economy shifts ("upgrading from below") that link China's top-down programs into industrial growth on the ground. Placing China's current development push within a global value chain (GVC) context shows how Chinese development strategies and the global economy remain intertwined. This volume brings together international GVC experts and China-based researchers who have carried out detailed fieldwork and industry specific quantitative analyses of GVCs and development with important implications for policymakers in both developed and developing economies.
The People’s Money
The People's Money shows how sovereign money creation through public banking, as pioneered by nineteenth century American populists, can reduce inequalities of wealth and power and help restore prosperity and democracy in America.
The Labor of Extraction in Latin America
Natural resource extraction and primary commodity export remain persistent features of the Latin American economy. This edited volume traces the power of labor in extractive sectors in Latin America starting in the 1980s and shows how labor shapes national export sectors, economies, politics, and societies more broadly. Kristin Ciupa and Jeffery R. Webber bring together a team of international experts who look at labor in several extractive sectors--including oil and gas, mining and agriculture, and migrant labor. They present a variety of viewpoints and case studies, exploring themes of the strategic organizing potential of extractive workers, the rise of informal labor and its impact on organizing and worker solidarity, and migrant labor-power as extraction. The book analyzes relationships between workers, extractive companies, states, political parties, national social sectors, and global commodity markets. The Labor of Extraction in Latin America puts the question of labor organizing to the forefront of discussions on Latin America's ongoing history of extractive capitalism, its effects on nature, and resistance against it.Contributions by: Fernando Caz籀n, Kristin Ciupa, Aleida Hern獺ndez Cervantes, Phillip A. Hough, Christopher Little, Omar Manky, Andrea Marston, Viviana Patroni, Guido Starosta, Jeffery R. Webber, Anna Zalik
