Microbial Bioprocessing of Agri-food Wastes
Enzymes are biological molecules of great relevance. In addition to the fundamental role in metabolic reactions, they have diverse applications in industrial processes in generating products of great commercial utility for the most diverse areas. Thus, industries seek to expand research to select microorganisms capable of producing enzymes according to their commercial objectives. Considering the diversity of the microbiota kingdom, as well as the diversity of mode of action of different classes of enzymes, this is an area that deserves constant investments to elucidate new applications, considering that these biological catalysts have great selectivity and a diversity of mode of action, reusable, and operate under mild process conditions, becoming the bridge for the development of sustainable processes and for adding value to commercial products. This book is intended for bioengineers, biologists, biochemists, biotechnologists, microbiologists, food technologists, enzymologists, and related professionals/ researchers.- Explores recent advances in the valorization of agri-food waste into enzymes - Explores the main technological advances in the recovery of residues and their use for the production of enzymes- Provides technical concepts on the production of various enzymes of commercial interest - Presents the main classes of enzymes obtained from alternative raw materials.
The Physiology of Aerobic Capacity in Women
This book questions the limitation of exercise capacity in women by discussing female physiology from the perspectives of respiratory, circulatory, skeletal, body composition, and training adaptations. Written in a compelling manner, the book covers not only gender differences in exercise physiology but also touches upon such questions as doping and novel mechanisms in exercise theory and practice. Based on first-hand research experience, this book offers new and realistic perspectives, including positive and negative aspects of women's capacity to perform exercise, which should interest the readers of kinesiology, integrative physiology, clinical science, general science and sociology of sports topics.Key Features: Research-based findings on the cutting-edge topic of women's aerobic capacity Written in an accessible manner and packed with science-based insights Presents an overarching view of various medical disciplines that are essential in evaluating women's aerobic capacity
Microbial Bioprocessing of Agri-food Wastes
Food ingredients are important molecules of the most diverse chemical classes responsible for conferring nutrition, stability, color, flavor, rheological and sensorial characteristics, in addition to several other important uses in the food industry. In this way, the production routes of these ingredients have gained more and more attention from consumers and producing industries, who expect that, in addition to their technological properties, these ingredients are still obtained without synthetic means, with savings of natural resources and mainly with less environmental impact. This book is intended for bioengineers, biologists, biochemists, biotechnologists, microbiologists, food technologists, enzymologists, and related professionals/ researchers. - Explores recent advances in the valorization of agri-food waste into food ingredients - Provides technical concepts on the production of various food ingredients of commercial interest- Explores novel technologically advanced strategies for the extraction of bioactive compounds from food wastes- Presents important classes of food ingredients obtained from alternative raw materials- Presents sustainable food waste resources and management strategies- Presents different pretreatment technologies and green extraction methodologies to support a green environment in the circular economy concept.- Challenges in applications of re-derived bioactive compounds from food wastes in food formulations
Text Book of Forensic Drug and Toxicology
This textbook aims to teach the fundamentals of toxicology and forensic pharmaceuticals to Indian medical undergraduates. It is an extensive work of love that seeks to present the subject in the most methodical and structured manner imaginable. The plan is to mine every last detail for signs of drug abuse and pollutants. All of the headings in the basic Forensic Medicine and Toxicology chapter are clearly divided into subtopics and subheadings.
Salutogenesis in Medical Education
Salutogenesis, a term coined by Israeli-American medical sociologist Aaron Antonovsky in 1979, focuses on the origins of health and the factors that promote it, rather than solely on the causes and treatment of disease. Antonovsky's theory rejects the traditional medical-model dichotomy and emphasizes the importance of personal dispositions in fostering resilience to stressors in daily life. Influenced in public health, healthcare, education, and community development, salutogenesis emphasizes asking the right questions to find relevant answers to health-related questions.The health and wellbeing of college students are not just about individual health but also about the environment they live and learn in. A salutogenic approach to health-promoting focuses on the health potentials inherent in social and institutional settings, rather than the deficit model of disease. Campuses should integrate health into campus culture, share resources, collaborate with instructors, and ensure wide access to resources. Combining traditional pathogenic focus with salutogenic focus is recommended for a sustainable model of health promotion on campuses.
Systemic candidiasis
Invasive mycoses are opportunistic infections, responsible for significant morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients (40%), which has led to a significant increase in the cost of hospital stays. Among these invasive mycoses, systemic candidiasis is in the forefront, as its frequency is on the increase, to the benefit of other infections. Candida spp accounts for 70% to 90% of all invasive mycosis species.Systemic candidiasis occurs mainly in patients hospitalized on wards housing immunocompromised patients.Risk factors and a colonization index >=0.5 in high-risk wards, especially intensive care and hematology/CAC wards, are predictive of systemic candidiasis. Therapeutic management must be implemented to reduce mortality and avoid the complications associated with these infections.
Surgical revascularization of lesions of the left common trunk
A significant lesion of the left coronary common trunk (LCCT) is greater than or equal to 50% of the reference diameter. It is found in 5-7% of pathological coronary angiograms, and is often associated with multi-truncular involvement.The goals of myocardial revascularization in patients with tight CKGR stenosis are to treat angina, improve left ventricular function, prevent myocardial infarction, and improve the quality of life and life expectancy of coronary patients.Advances in interventional cardiology since the advent of active stents, the emergence of safe anti-platelet agents, and the growing experience of operators, have led to a renewed focus on the challenge of percutaneous revascularization of unprotected TCCG with greater ease and safety.The choice of treatment and the strategy for myocardial revascularization depend, on the one hand, on the patient's clinical profile and, on the other, on the angiographic characteristics of the coronary lesions.
Educational Intervention and Algorithms for Cutaneous Carcinoma
Medical and nursing interventions are a framework to achieve knowledge of basal cell carcinoma that affects a given population in order to mitigate the risks of suffering from them or to achieve personal improvement. This leads to the realization of an educational intervention and algorithms in relation to basal cell carcinoma, which includes: sequence of actions, roles of medical and paramedical personnel, preventive and therapeutic methods, diagnostic means and the mode of clinical follow-up.
Study of the pre-analytical phase
Non-conformities (NC) encountered during the pre-analytical phase could influence the results of analyses and have several negative effects for the patient, such as misdiagnosis and/or delayed treatment.The aim of our work was to detect non-conformities and propose corrective actions to ensure optimal improvement of the pre-analytical phase.We carried out a descriptive observational study in the pathological anatomy and cytology laboratory at Charles Nicolle Hospital in Tunis. The study was carried out over a period of 3 years and 5 months, from January 2020 to May 27, 2023. We developed a questionnaire to assess staff knowledge of the pre-analytical phase. The main causes of NC were assessed using the Ishikawa diagram. Controlling NCs requires staff to be made aware of the importance of reporting any anomaly, so that appropriate corrective action can be taken on an ongoing basis. This action must be seen as a source of improvement and encouragement.
Emotional Reasoning
Neuroscience has made significant progress in understanding the brain, but the nature of consciousness remains elusive. At the same time, recent spectacular advancements in artificial intelligence promise the prospect of machines attaining human-like cognitive abilities. At the center of both systems is a fundamental dance of stimuli and response, requiring a profound comprehension of the physical environment. Thus, quantum mechanics and general relativity can be applied to the mysteries of human behavior, such as the difficulty of predicting, controlling, or retracing our thoughts. This landmark book explores the nature of consciousness through the lens of physics rather than neuroscience.Physics has been an explanatory force in diverse phenomena, and it can offer an entirely new vision of consciousness as an irreducible entity, similar to particles, the fundamental units of energy or matter. The fermionic mind hypothesis emerges as a tour-de-force synthesis and framework for understanding consciousness, reimagined as the elemental unit of intellect. It highlights particle organization, a fundamental structure that cannot be understood as the sum of its parts, as the essential analogy between fermions and consciousness.The book presents an engaging scientific narrative that explores some of humanity's oldest and most challenging questions. What is consciousness? What are emotions? How can a physical brain create subjective experience? Do we have free will? Engaging and penetrating, Emotional Reasoning represents a groundbreaking perspective that will surprise you at every turn. It will enhance your confidence through understanding yourself and your place in the cosmic order. Beyond neuroscience, the book holds profound implications for artificial intelligence research. It reveals the intricate link between consciousness and the physical universe, echoing the philosophical insight of theoretical physicist John Wheeler: "The physical world is, in some deep sense, tied to the human being."
Microbial Bioprocessing of Agri-food Wastes
This book gives a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the valorization of agri-food waste and discusses the main process conditions needed to overcome the difficulties of using waste as alternative raw materials. It also discusses specific methodologies, opportunistic microbes for biomass valorization, the sustainable production of agri-food waste, as well as examines the assessment and management of bioactive molecules production from microbial-valorization of agri-food waste. The authors provide technical concepts on the production of various bio-products and their commercial interest including agri-food waste utilization in the microbial synthesis of proteins, the valorization of horticulture waste, the sustainable production of pectin via microbial fermentation, as well as other food and pharmacological applications. This book is intended for bioengineers, biologists, biochemists, biotechnologists, microbiologists, food technologists, enzymologists, and related professionals and researchers. Explores recent advances in the valorization of agri-food waste Provides technical concepts on the production of various bio-products of commercial interest Discusses the main process conditions to overcome the difficulties of using waste as alternative raw materials Introduces technical-economic details on the advantages and disadvantages of exploring the waste recovery chain Explores the main technological advances in the recovery of residues in functional products
Every Body
Join this photographic celebration of differing physical and neurological abilities from a National Geographic photographer. We have different ways to move around. Celebrating children of different abilities, this photographic book presents large, clear images of children moving around their community, using scooters, wheelchairs, walkers, and more. The text presents their experiences navigating the world, from the park to the beach, in simple relatable language. Every Body celebrates children with varying abilities, covering neurological differences, physical differences, and health challenges. The book includes contributions from internationally-known disabilities activist Judith Heumann whose work is profiled in the oscar-nominated Netflix documentary Crip Camp. Shelley Rotner, a National Geographic photographer and prolific children's author, applies her trained eye for crisp details in this latest book for young readers.
Management of intracranial subdural empyema
Introduction: Intracranial subdural empyema is a medical-surgical emergency that deserves to be better studied in order to propose standardized management. Methods: Our retrospective study included 53 cases hospitalized in the neurosurgery department of the Tunis Military Hospital over a period of 15 years, whose epidemioclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary data we collected and then analyzed.Results: The mean age of patients was 41.5 years. The majority of cases were treated medico-surgically (90.6%) with broad-spectrum antibiotics (100%), followed by trepanation (84.94%) or craniotomy (5.66%). Initial state of consciousness was identified as a statistically significant prognostic factor (p
Acute mitral insufficiency after percutaneous commissurotomy
Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is still a common disease in developing countries.In Tunisia, the incidence of RAA has steadily declined. This epidemiological improvement is linked to the national program to combat AAR, long considered a major public health problem.Rheumatic valvulopathies, essentially mitral stenosis, play a major role in our country.Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy is the treatment of choice for pure narrowing (MR). It removes the obstruction with less morbidity and mortality than surgical techniques.However, it can be complicated by acute mitral insufficiency (MI), requiring emergency surgery.Surgery is performed under CEC, with the aorta clamped. The aim of a heart-lung bypass machine is to temporarily replace the pumping and hematosis functions of the heart and lung, respectively. This makes it possible to open the heart chambers and perform surgery on a stopped, bloodless heart.
Factors influencing the transfer of benefits from rehabilitated language
At a time of globalisation, the disappearance of borders and ever-increasing migratory flows since the twentieth century, speech and language therapists are increasingly exposed to bilingual populations with various cognitive and communicative disorders, including aphasia. The wide variability of the resulting disorders and the plurality of bilingualism make bilingual aphasia a particular clinical entity, which cannot be summed up in a single treatment. We therefore sought to identify the factors that might play a part in transferring the therapeutic effects of the rehabilitated language to the non-rehabilitated language. To this end, a bibliometric search led to the selection, reading and qualitative analysis of twenty-six scientific articles. The status of the language treated, the typological proximity of the languages, the nature of the therapy and the nature of the elements included in the therapeutic protocol are the main factors on which it is possible to act in the hope of encouraging this transfer.
Human myiasis
Myiasis is a parasitic infestation of mammalian tissues or body cavities by dipteran larvae. It is distributed worldwide but rarely observed in Tunisia. The aim of our work was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and biological characteristics of new cases of human myiasis in Tunisia. Our study is retrospective descriptive, collating four Tunisian cases of myiasis (2018-2022). Diagnosis was made by macroscopic and microscopic study according to Zumpt's criteria. The mean age was 45 years with a sex ratio equal to 1. Travel was not reported in any of our patients. The first two cases were Oestrus ovis nasal myiasis. The third case was a diabetic foot wound myiasis. The larvae identified were Lucilia sericata. The last case was a nosocomial myiasis in the anus of a patient in intensive care. The species identified was Musca domestica. Despite the rarity of cases in Tunisia, positive diagnosis should not be overlooked, especially in at-risk patients with or without travel experience in tropical or subtropical zones.
Massive hemoptysis
Massive haemoptysis is rare, but a threat due to the risk of asphyxia. The role of thoracic CT angiography in its management remains to be defined. The objectives of our study were to describe the role of thoracic CT angiography in determining the site of bleeding by comparing its data with those of conventional pre-embolisation angiography.Descriptive study of 58 radio-clinical records of patients admitted to the Pneumology Department of Mohamed Taher Ma璽mouri Hospital in Nabeul or Sahloul Hospital in Sousse with massive haemoptysis investigated by CTTA.CT scan revealed recent bleeding in 79.3% of cases. The most frequent cause of bleeding was bronchiectasis. The concordance between CT and angiography in the detection of culprit bronchial systemic arteries (BSA) and non-bronchial systemic arteries (NBSA) was 91.3% and 80% respectively. TDCT had a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 62.5% for the detection of culprit ASBs and 80% and 84.6% for the detection of culprit ASNBs. ATDM was more sensitive than angiography in the detection of ASNB.
The Reality of Assisted Dying
"This is a book to be read by all involved in either side of this heated debate."Dr C Fourcade, President of the French Association for Palliative Care, France"This powerful collection of essays brilliantly unpacks the legal, ethical and practical issues around the assisted dying debate."Jonathan Herring, Professor of Law, University of Oxford, UK"This is an essential exploration of the complexities behind the sound bites."Baroness Campbell of Surbiton DBE, UK"A much needed, timely compendium covering the main issues underlying and surrounding Assisted Dying."Robert Twycross, Past Head, WHO Collaborative Centre for Palliative Care, Oxford, UK"Wherever your views lie on ... assisted dying, you should read this book."Dr Matt Morgan, Professor of Intensive Care, Cardiff University, UK, and Curtin University, AustraliaAt a critical moment in the UK debate, this book provides up-to-date reflections from a broad variety of international experts on the profoundly important issues that surround changes in the law in any jurisdiction in connection with assisted dying and considers the realities that surround such changes.The Reality of Assisted Dying covers all the important issues in the debates about assisted suicide and euthanasia. This includes thoughts on the role of the law, discussion of important philosophical and ethical concepts, investigating the various issues that arise in the practice of medicine and palliative care, and scrutinizing concerns about definitions, coercion, consequences and safety.This book: Provides up-to-date data, evidence and reflections from professionals from countries where assisted dying has been legalized;Takes a fresh look at the arguments around legalization of assisted dying;Shows how a change in the law must take account of all those who will be affected, including families and those who will feel compelled to participate by assisting suicides or performing euthanasia;Shows the problems and dangers of embedding assisted dying within healthcare, and explores how alternative socio-legal procedures would improve legitimacy and monitoring for patients and their families.The book is relevant to a variety of intellectual disciplines and to political and social debates both in the UK and internationally, as well as being of interest to general readers and students studying the many relevant subjects, from medicine, to law, sociology, politics, philosophy and ethics.Julian C. Hughes has studied and been a professor of both philosophy and of old age psychiatry. He was an NHS consultant in old age psychiatry and served as deputy chair of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics, UK. His most recent book was Dementia and Ethics Reconsidered, published by Open University Press.Ilora G. Finlay is a Crossbench Peer in the House of Lords, an honorary professor of palliative medicine at Cardiff University, UK, past President of the BMA and the Royal Society of Medicine. A founder director of Living and Dying Well, she co-authored Death by Appointment and led on legislation to encourage the availability of palliative care for all.
How to Do a Systematic Literature Review in Nursing
"Whoever you are, and whatever your background, if you want to know what makes a good systematic review, then get a copy of this third edition by Bettany-Saltikov and McSherry."Dr Ray Samuriwo, Associate Professor in Nursing, School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, UK"This text should be a 'go to' for students from any health care profession, just because it has 'nursing' in its title - it should not be overlooked. This text is an asset to help any healthcare student successfully complete their undergraduate degree."Amanda Blaber, Honorary Fellow College of Paramedics. Retired Senior Lecturer with over 20 years' experience teaching nursing and paramedic students in several Higher Education Institutions"This book is a comprehensive resource to explain the what, when, why, and how to complete a systematic literature review. It is invaluable book for all nurses and health care professionals..."Margaret Spencer, Consultant Occupational Therapist OT360, UKThis new edition of this best-selling book presents a fully revised and updated step-by step guide to doing a literature review for students and professionals in the Nursing, Midwifery, Health and Allied Health professions.How to do a Systematic Literature Review in Nursing takes you through every step of the process of writing a systematic literature review, whether as part of an academic assignment or for publication, from start to finish. Key features of this edition include: A brand new chapter on 'An Introduction to Meta-Analysis', An expanded range of case studies from across the allied health disciplines, Practical tips, templates, questions and answers and key points to help deepen learning.From writing your review question to writing up your review, this practical book is the perfect companion if you are doing your first literature review for study or clinical practice improvement. The text follows a logical ordering, taking readers through all the key steps in a literature review.Written in an easy-to-follow format, the text provides a comprehensive and accessible resource of practical tips, summary's, and templates to work through as part of the review process. It is a must buy for undergraduate or postgraduate Nursing, Midwifery, Health, and Allied Health students and professionals.Josette Bettany-Saltikov is Senior Lecturer in Research Methods at Teesside University, Centre for Rehabilitation and Centre for Public Health, School of Health and Life Sciences, UK. She has taught research methods to nursing students and other allied health care professional students for over 30 years.Robert McSherry is Professor of Nursing and Practice Development, Centre for Ageing and Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Society. University of Chester, England, UK.
The transformation of the healthcare system
Technological innovations and artificial intelligence have become an essential part of our lives.In this exciting guide, you will learn how much it has also reached us in the healthcare sector, in which areas it is particularly helpful and how quickly it is developing.The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized many areas of life in recent years.In the healthcare sector in particular, the immense potential of this technology is becoming apparent in the way we diagnose, treat and prevent diseases.The integration of AI into medical processes promises not only an increase in efficiency and accuracy, but also a personalization of patient care that previously seemed unthinkable.This book examines the role of artificial intelligence in healthcare from different perspectives. The aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the opportunities and challenges arising from the use of AI in medicine.
Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Heel Syndrome in Patients
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the leading causes of general morbidity, disability and mortality of the population, including those of working age. The social significance of diabetes is determined by its complications. Among infectious and inflammatory diseases in patients with DM2 (DM2), diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) occupies a special place. According to the algorithms of specialized medical care for patients with DM, "Diabetic foot syndrome combines pathological changes in the peripheral nervous system, arterial and miKTocirculatory bed, osteoarticular apparatus of the foot that pose an immediate threat or the development of ulcerative neKTotic processes and gangrene of the foot." DFS requires a comprehensive approach from many specialists, since the lesion of the lower extremities is at the junction of several medical disciplines: therapeutic and surgical. With untimely diagnosis and the absence of correct pharmacotherapy at the very beginning of the complication, DFS progresses rapidly, gangrene of the lower limb develops, which may result in its amputation with Sdfs equent disability of the patient - the most threatening consequence of DFS.
Cervical Cancer Prevention
Cervical cancer is a major public health problem worldwide. It is one of the most common cancers, both in terms of incidence and mortality, and ranks first in many developing countries. Cervical infection with oncogenic HPV subtypes is the main aetiological factor in cervical cancer. This factor is necessary for the development of high-risk lesions and cancer. The combination of primary and secondary prevention strategies increases the efficiency of any programme to combat cervical cancer.
Ethics in Health
Discover the ethical complexities and social determinants of health and wellness in this comprehensive guide. Explore the principles, issues, and advancements in healthcare, reproductive health, mental health, and more. With a global perspective and an emphasis on justice and equity, this book explores the ethical considerations that shape the future of health and wellness.
Current Practices in Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder of the globin chains that causes hemolysis and chronic organ damage. Sickle cell anemia is the most common form of sickle cell disease (SCD), with a lifelong affliction of hemolytic anemia requiring blood transfusions, pain crises, and organ damage. Since the first description of the irregular sickle-shaped red blood cells (RBCs) more than 100 years ago, our understanding of the disease has evolved tremendously. Recent advances in the field, more so within the last three decades, have alleviated symptoms for countless patients, especially in high-income countries. Although there is evidence of several important therapies in the pipeline, greater investment in research is needed into both of these therapies and the dissemination of effective care to the affected population, especially because of historical mistrust. In this book, we present an overview of sickle cell disease, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, complications, and recent treatment modalities and prospective research that will enable the reader to get a better understanding of this hot topic.
Basics of Mechanical Ventilation
Mechanical ventilation is a critical tool used in medicine to assist or replace spontaneous breathing when patients experience respiratory failure. The process of using a mechanical ventilator involves complex interactions between human physiology and sophisticated machinery, which must be understood by clinicians to ensure proper patient care. This book, Basics of Mechanical Ventilation: A Step-by-Step Guide provides an accessible yet comprehensive guide to the essential principles, equipment, and management strategies related to mechanical ventilation.Written for medical students, residents, respiratory therapists, and healthcare professionals in intensive care, the book offers an in-depth understanding of the fundamentals of mechanical ventilation, making it a valuable resource for both beginners and those looking to refresh their knowledge.
Clinical-Neuropysiological Aspects of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women
This monograph fully and systematically reflects modern information about the etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of gestosis in pregnant women. At the same time, the monograph presents the results of scientific research work carried out to study the clinical, neurological, neurophysiological aspects of gestosis in pregnant women. The work used a comprehensive clinical analysis of the neurological manifestations of gestosis, depending on the severity and dynamics of the pathological process. The authors showed that in the pathogenesis of gestosis, an important role belongs to SVD with the parasympathetic orientation of autonomic reactivity and insufficiency of autonomic support for physical activity.The monograph is intended for general practitioners, neurologists, and specialists dealing with this problem, master's students, clinical residents and students of advanced training courses for doctors.
Misoprostol in Cervical Ripening
Premature rupture of the membranes is a frequent obstetrical condition. It affects 8 to 10% of full-term pregnancies, and its optimal management is controversial. Among the agents used to promote cervical ripening are prostaglandins, of which Dinoprostone is the reference molecule.Material and methods This is a prospective, randomized clinical trial conducted at the maternity and neonatology center of Monastir University Hospital over a period of 1 year (January-December 2017).Including 240 parturients presenting with RPM at term and divided into 2 groups: The "oral route" group: having received 20mcg/ 2h misoprostol solution orally (maximum 6 doses) and the "vaginal route" group: having received 50mcg/ 6h misoprostol vaginally (maximum 4 doses).Conclusion At the end of this study, the use of low-dose misoprostol by VO for cervical ripening at term, with PDER, is as effective as VV in terms of the rate of deliveries within 24 h, while it is slightly ahead at 12 h (44% versus 33%) without the difference being significant.
Chronic periodontal disease and osteoarticular diseases
In order to describe the relationship between chronic periodontal disease and osteoarticular diseases in elderly patients, a cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out to describe the relationship between chronic periodontal disease and osteoarticular diseases. It was observed that the age group most affected by osteoarticular and periodontal diseases was 61-65 years old and the most affected sex was female. The relationship between osteoarticular diseases and the presence of chronic periodontal disease was evidenced.
Two Strategies in Front of Tobacco Addiction in San Luis, Argentina
This work shows the obtained results during the last fifteen years on the Extension Project "Tobacco smoking: S.O.S. Youth" (National University of San Luis) and the research laboratory of Molecular Fluorescence for the monitoring of toxic metals in tobacco products. During this period, hundreds of Educational Establishments have been visited to realize prevention activities, thousands of students have been surveyed to know the state of affairs tabaquism in San Luis (Argentina), a tens of papers were published and a Doctoral Thesis was defended in the thematic. But the smoking epidemic has not come to an end. New analytical challenges have come hand in hand with new ways of tobacco consumption. So, greater efforts are necessary to highlight the potential health risks of each tobacco product and to prevent our children and young people from starting to smoke.
Reversible acute serous transient reversible pulpitis
Pulpal pathologies constitute the majority of stomatological clinical emergencies and if treated in a timely manner they reduce dental mortality. The general objective was to determine the evolution of the treatment of transient serous acute reversible pulpitis (incipient stage) prolonging the use of eugenol as a pulp sedative up to 96 hours. In the study it was observed that the age group most affected by transient acute serous pulpitis (incipient stage) was 21 to 25 and 26 to 30 years old and the sex most affected was female. The evolution of the treatment was considered favorable when, 96 hours after treatment, the symptoms had completely subsided. Of the total number of patients, the majority had a favorable evolution to the treatment.
Study of Scapular Dyskinesia Prevalence in 3 Grip Types for Deadlift
This study investigates the prevalence of scapular dyskinesia in three grip types-hook grip, double overhand grip, and alternate grip-used during deadlifts by amateur weightlifters aged 18-25. Scapular dyskinesia refers to abnormal scapula movement, often caused by muscle imbalance, which can impair shoulder function. Using tests like the Lateral Scapular Slide Test (LSST) and Scapular Dyskinesis Test (SDT), 93 weightlifters from Pune were examined.Results showed that 24.5% of alternate grip users and 21.1% of double overhand grip users experienced scapular dyskinesia, with no significant difference between grip types. The research highlights the importance of understanding grip variations to prevent dysfunction in weightlifters. It suggests increased awareness and further studies on grip-related scapular dyskinesia. The findings emphasize the importance of proper biomechanics in weightlifting to minimize injuries and improve performance.
Persisting Pandemics
Persisting Pandemics explores the history of syphilis and AIDS to provide insights into the limits of biomedicine and our experience with epidemics today. Novel therapies developed for syphilis and AIDS became renowned in the medical field and the broader public sphere as exemplars of biomedical innovations. Public health campaigns based on these spectacular biomedical advances, however, have repeatedly fallen short of their goals to eliminate syphilis and AIDS in the population. The diseases epitomize the power of innovative biomedical therapies for the individual while unveiling limitations of scientific medicine in the domain of public health. The need for a public health approach to address mistrust in science, government indifference, and racial inequalities is relevant for strategies to eliminate COVID-19 today. Persisting Pandemics argues that campaigns to eliminate these diseases have not succeeded because they have not adequately addressed how diseases like AIDS, syphilis, and COVID spread unevenly in populations according to race, ethnicity, and geographic location. Despite the expectation of public health officials that medical advances would render epidemics obsolete, new diseases continue to emerge and spread regardless of efforts to eliminate them. Medical doctor and historian Powel H. Kazanjian concludes that narratives of syphilis, AIDS and COVID, unlike smallpox, do not contain a discrete ending--at least not within the timelines specified by their elimination campaigns. Instead they will be a continued part of our existence.
Occupational Stress and Health Effects Among Public Sector Bus Drivers
The book is a comprehensive exploration of occupational stress among KSRTC bus drivers in Kolar, Karnataka. It details the significant health impacts of stress, including physical and mental health degradation among drivers, attributed to the high demands and challenging conditions of their work. Through a meticulous cross-sectional study, it analyzes factors contributing to stress, such as long working hours, urban residency, and lifestyle habits like alcohol consumption and smoking. The book aims to shed light on the prevalence of stress, its correlation with health problems like hypertension and obesity, and the need for targeted interventions and policy amendments to improve working conditions and health outcomes for bus drivers.
Brain Health for Learning
竄In this beautifully-written book, the authors skip across the many bridges that connect neuroscience to education, creating a wonderful resource for educators. They consider all the elements that an understanding of neuroscience can bring to education in a highly accessible manner, focusing on emotions and spiritual meaning as well as more traditional topics like learning and memory. They have produced a tour de force.罈 (Usha Goswami, Director for the Centre for Neuroscience in Education, Professor of Cognitive Developmental Neuroscience and a Fellow of St. John's College, University of Cambridge) 竄This book is singular and a vital service to health, education and labor thinkers, doers and investors. Increased brain capital, which encompasses brain health and brain skills, is vital to educational attainment, upskilling and reskilling. In this book, Staunton and Brennan provide a detailed roadmap for the vital importance of neuroscience to fuel improved education. This area has been oft neglected, but no more.罈 (Harris A. Eyre MD PhD, Lead and Senior Fellow, Neuro-Policy Program, Rice University, USA) 竄This is a hugely useful and insightful text, written in a format which makes a challenging area of discourse accessible. Neuroscience is now the dominant science in education, and it is important to ensure that the synergy between the disciplines is well-founded and robust. This book contributes positively to unravelling the many areas of intersection between neuroscience and education in a rigorous manner.罈 (William H Kitchen, Senior Lecturer Stranmillis University College) This book is an original contribution to the field of educational neuroscience. The authors argue that all adults should pay more attention and become more reflective of their experiences so that they can learn more deliberately and in a focused way. The book addresses the functioning of the brain, the architecture of the brain, neuroplasticity, learning processes and how to develop and maintain a healthy brain throughout life. Learning to learn is about individuals understanding how they learn and thus developing their capacity to learn by harnessing lessons from neuroscience. The book will be useful for learners who are transitioning or returning to education, those training to work with children and young people, and those interested in understanding more about their own learning.
Persisting Pandemics
Persisting Pandemics explores the history of syphilis and AIDS to provide insights into the limits of biomedicine and our experience with epidemics today. Novel therapies developed for syphilis and AIDS became renowned in the medical field and the broader public sphere as exemplars of biomedical innovations. Public health campaigns based on these spectacular biomedical advances, however, have repeatedly fallen short of their goals to eliminate syphilis and AIDS in the population. The diseases epitomize the power of innovative biomedical therapies for the individual while unveiling limitations of scientific medicine in the domain of public health. The need for a public health approach to address mistrust in science, government indifference, and racial inequalities is relevant for strategies to eliminate COVID-19 today. Persisting Pandemics argues that campaigns to eliminate these diseases have not succeeded because they have not adequately addressed how diseases like AIDS, syphilis, and COVID spread unevenly in populations according to race, ethnicity, and geographic location. Despite the expectation of public health officials that medical advances would render epidemics obsolete, new diseases continue to emerge and spread regardless of efforts to eliminate them. Medical doctor and historian Powel H. Kazanjian concludes that narratives of syphilis, AIDS and COVID, unlike smallpox, do not contain a discrete ending--at least not within the timelines specified by their elimination campaigns. Instead they will be a continued part of our existence.
A Late Mamluk Medical Regimen for Travellers
The fifteenth-century travel regimen entitled al-Isfār ʿan ḥikam al-asfār ('The unveiling of the wisdoms of the books') written by the Cairene jurist-physician Ibn al-Amshāṭī (d. 1496) is an interesting example of the postclassical medical literature. It includes, besides a travel regimen (written likely as a health guide for the pilgrimage to Mecca), a short pharmacopoeia of single and compound remedies deemed useful for the traveller. The work was composed for Kamāl al-Dīn al-Bārizī (d. 1452), the head of the Mamluk Chancery. The Arabic edition, English translation, and commentary of this text are framed by a detailed introductory study of the Arabic-language tradition of travel regimens and various medico-pharmacological glossaries.
The False Discovery Rate
An essential tool for statisticians and data scientists seeking to interpret the vast troves of data that increasingly power our world First developed in the 1990s, the False Discovery Rate (FDR) is a way of describing the rate at which null hypothesis testing produces errors. It has since become an essential tool for interpreting large datasets. In recent years, as datasets have become ever larger, and as the importance of 'big data' to scientific research has grown, the significance of the FDR has grown correspondingly. The False Discovery Rate provides an analysis of the FDR's value as a tool, including why it should generally be preferred to the Bonferroni correction and other methods by which multiplicity can be accounted for. It offers a systematic overview of the FDR, its core claims, and its applications. Readers of The False Discovery Rate will also find: Case studies throughout, rooted in real and simulated data sets Detailed discussion of topics including representation of the FDR on a Q-Q plot, consequences of non-monotonicity, and many more Wide-ranging analysis suited for a broad readership The False Discovery Rate is ideal for Statistics and Data Science courses, and short courses associated with conferences. It is also useful as supplementary reading in courses in other disciplines that require the statistical interpretation of "big data.' The book will also be of great value to statisticians and researchers looking to learn more about the FDR.
Patient well-being in intensive care
In most intensive care units, the assessment of patients' subjective symptoms and quality of life is not part of daily clinical practice. To this end, we collected patients' perceptions after discharge from intensive care units, in order to ascertain whether nursing care promotes both their physical and psychological well-being. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional survey of 30 patients in medical and surgical intensive care units, using a questionnaire. Patients were interviewed immediately after discharge from the ICU. The main discomforts mentioned by patients following their stay in intensive care were pain (93%), noise (83%), thirst (73%), too much light (60%), lack of sleep (60%), uncomfortable bedding (57%), lack of privacy (53%), reduced visiting time (47%), isolation (40%), cold and heat (43%), anxiety (37%) and being surrounded by pipes (37%).
Ankle involvement in adult juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Introduction: The aim of our study was to evaluate ankle involvement in adult polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) by clinical, radiographic and ultrasound examination. Methods: Cross-sectional study of patients with polyarticular JIA over an 18-month period. Results: Our population comprised 4 men and 25 women, with a mean age of 42.1簣12.5 years. Among patients with talocrural involvement (n=23), ankle X-rays and ultrasonography revealed talocrural involvement in 55% and 72% of cases respectively. BMI was significantly associated with the occurrence of talocrural involvement (p=0.03), and patients with ankle involvement had significantly higher CRP levels than the group without ankle involvement (p=0.02). Talocrural involvement was significantly associated with knee involvement (p=0.01).Conclusion: Ultrasonographic involvement of the talocrural joint was frequent in our study (72%). Ankle involvement was associated with BMI, high CRP and knee involvement.
Treatment of iron deficiency anemia with erythropoies-enhancing drugs
According to the World Health Organization, about 4 billion people worldwide suffer from iron deficiency, with at least half experiencing iron deficiency anemia (IDA). IDA leads to stress, reduced productivity in adults, and stunted growth in children. It is linked to quality of life, societal development, and environmental factors. Iron deficiency occurs when the body absorbs less iron than required or loses more. Iron is essential for oxygen transport, mitochondrial function, antioxidant protection, hematopoiesis, and DNA synthesis. Daily iron needs vary by gender, age, and geography. For example, women of reproductive age need around 2 mg, while older men need 1 mg. Maintaining the right balance of iron is crucial for women with regular menstruation. This study explores the risks and symptoms of iron deficiency, its diagnosis, and the appropriate therapy.
CD34+ a Novel Predictor of Vascular Events in Sickle Cell Disease
Our aim is to evaluate circulating CD34 as a novel predictive marker of occurrence of vascular event in Children with Sickle Cell Disease in their steady state and relate levels to severity of VEs in the following 6 months.Patient and Methods: This study was an exploratory study, conducted at Pediatrics Hematology-Oncology Unit at Ain Shams University Children's Hospital, where 50 children with sickle cell disease were enrolled at their steady state (defined as 2 months free from any Vascular Event prior to the study), aged 6 months - 16 years. Flow cytometry was done for quantification of circulating CD34+ at inclusion and compared to age and sex matched control and patients were followed up for 6 months for vascular events. Results: There is statistically significant higher level of CD34+ among SCD patients compared to age and sex matched control with p value
Usg Assessment of Median Nerve in Patients with Hypothryoidism
To determine the role of high resolution ultrasonography in evaluation of cross sectional area, maximum nerve fascicle thickness and thickness/width ratio of the median nerve and flexor retinaculum thickness in patients with hypothyroidism and to correlate it with the healthy volunteers. The most affected parameter was cross sectional area of median nerve at three levels, inlet/outlet ratio of CSA of the median nerve and thickness of flexor retinaculum in hypothyroidism patients in correlation with healthy volunteers. These parameters showed statistically significant p values. Maximum nerve fascicle thickness and thickness/width ratio of the median nerve showed no statistical significance in hypothyroid patients in correlation with healthy volunteers.
Photodynamic Therapy After Anti-Glaucoma Surgery
To date, research works are being carried out in the following areas: development and selection of adequate treatment methods; improving the effectiveness of surgical interventions to reduce the frequency and severity of postoperative complications (the use of various drains); improving the prevention of excessive scarring from pathogenetic positions. However, despite all the existing attempts, the long-term results of treatment of NVG still do not satisfy ophthalmic surgeons, due to the high percentage of intra and postoperative complications, including postoperative scarring.In the last decade, in the world, despite the proven effectiveness of the PDT method in the treatment of certain eye diseases, unified methodological approaches to the use of PDT in NVG have not yet been developed. This monograph is devoted to the main aspects of the use of photodynamic therapy in the complex treatment of neovascular glaucoma with experimental and clinical studies.The monograph is intended for ophthalmologists and master's students of medical universities.
Emery and Rimoin's Principles and Practice of Medical Genetics and Genomics
For decades, Emery and Rimoin's Principles and Practice of Medical Genetics and Genomics has served as the ultimate resource for clinicians integrating genetics and genomics into medical practice. With detailed coverage in contributions from more than 250 of the world's most trusted authorities in medical genetics and a series of 11 volumes available for individual sale, the Seventh Edition of this classic reference includes the latest information on seminal topics such as prenatal diagnosis, genome sequencing, public health genetics, genetic counseling, and management and treatment strategies to complete its coverage of this growing field for students, health providers, and researchers involved in the care of patients with genetic conditions, and increasingly, all areas of health and disease. This comprehensive yet practical resource emphasizes theory and research fundamentals related to the applications of medical genetics and genomics across the full spectrum of inherited disorders and applications to medicine more broadly. In this volume, leading physicians and researchers thoroughly examine medical genetics and genomics as applied to developmental disorders, as well as genetic conditions that affect hearing and vision. Here genetic researchers, students, and health professionals will find new and fully revised chapters on human developmental genetics, disorders affecting craniofacial development, chromosomal abnormalities, including aneuploidies and structural abnormalities, hereditary hearing impairment, and various genetic conditions of the eye. With regular advances in genomic technologies propelling precision medicine into the clinic, Emery and Rimoin's Principles and Practice of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Seventh Edition bridges the gap between high-level molecular genetics and practical application and serves as an invaluable clinical tool for health professionals and researchers.
Current Perspectives on the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder with strong associations with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, metabolic, and cognitive consequences. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) treatment is the first-line therapy for adults with OSA who are symptomatic. However, many individuals with comorbidities do not report symptoms associated with OSA, and adherence to CPAP is poor, especially in individuals with the non-sleepy OSA phenotype. This reprint contains further updates on the current perspectives on the treatment of OSA in order to highlight multidisciplinary approaches, personalized treatment strategies, and identification of the predictors of response to treatment, both in the general population and in clinical cohorts. Reviews regarding the present and future of physiological traits and the use of telemedicine and machine learning are of particular interest.
Cholecystectomy after acute biliary pancreatitis
We carried out a retrospective study analyzing the cases of 107 patients with acute pancreatitis of biliary origin who underwent cholecystectomy with OPC. VBP vacuity accounted for 80.4% of cases. Univariate analysis revealed 6 independent factors for the presence of LVBP: total bilirubin level, conjugated bilirubin level, VBP dilatation on ultrasound, VBP dilatation on CT, stage of pancreatitis and cystic duct dilatation intraoperatively. Multivariate analysis enabled us to retain only 2: total bilirubin level and dilatation of the VBP on ultrasound. This rate was set at 34.5 by studying the ROC curve.we established a mathematical translation of these 2 factors in the form of a simple score in order to test our results.S = E + 0.03 BTE = 1 if dilatation of the VBP on ultrasound. E = 0 if no dilatation of the VBP. BT = total bilirubin level in mmol/l.A score greater than or equal to 1 would indicate the need for intraoperative cholangiography during cholecystectomy.
