Spending, Saving & Employment
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface.We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Contemporary Chinese Economic Relations. A Catalyst in the Africa-Latin America Trade Relations
Master's Thesis from the year 2021 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: Merit, Lancaster University, language: English, abstract: Since the early 2000s however, many scholars and experts appeared to put a strong emphasis on what China can offer to Africa and Latin America, but paid limited attention to the benefits of Chinese economic expansion in improving conditions for interregional trade relations. Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods, the present study introduces the perspective that China's economic cooperation has a crucial importance in boosting trade relations between Africa and Latin America. Furthermore, the study identifies that both regions share similar purposes - to some extent -, but not strong interests in each other - which has equally affected the tendencies of their trade relations. While orienting a keen attention toward opportunities and challenges that the Covid-19 pandemic stimulates, the study reveals why it is essential that Africa and Latin America reassess their economic priorities, although China's economic engagements remain indispensable as to develop their trade relations.
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The Science of Political Economy [microform]
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface.We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Essays on African Population
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface.We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
State Socialism in Victoria
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface.We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Our Developing World
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Fertility and Survival; Population Problems From Malthus to Mao Tse-Tung; 0
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface.We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Population Dilemma
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface.We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Financial Market Bubbles and Crashes
Provides wide-ranging and thorough examples and explanations of how and why bubbles and crashes have historically developed and are tied to money, credit, trust, psychology, risk preferences, behavioral and structural aspects, and social mood Covers the role of central banks and the relationship to commercial lending Presents a new descriptive theory and practical empirical approach to the measurement, analysis, and prediction of extreme financial market conditions Serves as a handy scholarly reference for further studies via extensive surveys of previous academic research and history and updates through the 2020 virus-related crash and remarkable rebound​
Ricardian Economics
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Thorstein Veblen, a Critical Interpretation
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Stabilizing The Dollar
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The Trade Cycle; an Essay
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface.We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Routledge Handbook of Economic Theology
This Handbook introduces and systematically explores the thesis that the economy, economic practices and economic thought are of a profoundly theological nature. Containing more than 40 chapters, this Handbook provides a state-of-the-art reference work that offers students, researchers and policymakers an introduction to current scholarship, significant debates and emerging research themes in the study of the theological significance of economic concepts and the religious underpinnings of economic practices in a world that is increasingly dominated by financiers, managers, forecasters, market-makers and entrepreneurs.This Handbook brings together scholars from different parts of the world, representing various disciplines and intellectual traditions. It covers the development of economic thought and practices from antiquity to neoliberalism, and it provides insight into the economic-theological teachings of major religious movements. The list of contributors combines well-established scholars and younger academic talents.The chapters in this Handbook cover a wide array of conceptual, historical, theoretical and methodological issues and perspectives, such as the economic meaning of theological concepts (e.g. providence and faith); the theological underpinnings of economic concepts (e.g. credit and property); the religious significance of socio-economic practices in various organizational fields (e.g. accounting and work); and finally the genealogy of the theological-economic interface in Judaism, Christianity, Islam and in the discipline of economics itself (e.g. Marx, Keynes and Hayek).The Routledge Handbook of Economic Theology is organized in four parts: - Theological concepts and their economic meaning- Economic concepts and their theological anchoring- Society, management and organization- Genealogy of economic theology
Demographic Perspective of China's Economic Development
China is historically famous for its high demographic dividend and its huge working population, and this has driven tremendous economic growth over the past few decades. However, that population has begun to shrink and the Lewis turning point whereby surplus rural population has been absorbed into manufacturing is also approaching, leading to great change in the Chinese labor market. Will this negatively affect China's economic growth? Can the "Middle-Income Trap" be avoided? What reforms should be made on the labor supply side? This book tackles these key questions.This book is a collection of 14 papers presenting the author's observations, analysis, and opinions of China's long-term economic development from the demographic perspective, while analysing real economic problems from the past and including policy recommendations. It provides a critical reference for scholars and students interested in Chinese economic development and demographic perspectives on economic development.
Handbook of Agricultural Economics
Handbook of Agricultural Economics, Volume Five highlights new advances in the field, with this new release exploring comprehensive chapters written by an international board of authors who discuss topics such as The Economics of Agricultural Innovation, Climate, food and agriculture, Agricultural Labor Markets: Immigration Policy, Minimum Wages, Etc., Risk Management in Agricultural Production, Animal Health and Livestock Disease, Behavioral and Experimental Economics to Inform Agri-Environmental Programs and Policies, Big Data, Machine Learning Methods for Agricultural and Applied Economists, Agricultural data collection to minimize measurement error and maximize coverage, Gender, agriculture and nutrition, Social Networks Analysis In Agricultural Economics, and more.
The Making of Islamic Economic Thought
Interrogating the development and conceptual framework of economic thought in the Islamic tradition pertaining to ethical, philosophical, and theological ideas, this book provides a critique of modern Islamic economics as a hybrid economic system. From the outset, Sami Al-Daghistani is concerned with the polyvalent methodology of studying the phenomenon of Islamic economic thought as a human science in that it nurtures a complex plentitude of meanings and interpretations associated with the moral self. By studying legal scholars, theologians, and Sufis in the classical period, Al-Daghistani looks at economic thought in the context of Sharī'a's moral law. Alongside critiquing modern developments of Islamic economics, he puts forward an idea for a plural epistemology of Islam's moral economy, which advocates for a multifaceted hermeneutical reading of the subject in light of a moral law, embedded in a particular cosmology of human relationality, metaphysical intelligibility, and economic subjectivity.
Global Imbalances and Financial Capitalism
The failure of mainstream economics to accurately predict financial crises highlights the need for alternative frameworks. Global Imbalances and Financial Capitalism demonstrates that Stock-Flow-Consistent models are well adapted to study this growth regime due to their ability to analyse the real and financial sides of the economy.
The Routledge Companion to Business History
The Routledge Companion to Business History is a comprehensive, definitive work of reference, designed as an authoritative, international source on business history. This compendium, brought to you by the leading scholars in the field, enhances the research agenda, develops knowledge and understanding, and offers both researchers and st
Economic Analysis of Property Law Cases
The discipline of law and economics has earned a reputation for developing plausible and empirically testable theories on the social functions and the impact of legal institutions. Property rights are a field in which this has been very successful. In this book, economic property rights theories are applied to case law in order to examine the practice and solution of real life conflicts. The author examines the economic problems which are dealt with in these cases and evaluate the courts' decisions from an economic angle. Cases are examined from across the UK, the US, Germany, Belgium and Canada to allow international comparisons to be made. These comparisons reveal that, regardless of the legal system, many legal issues have similar economic roots and therefore similar models of economic analysis can be applied. The analysis of these cases also shows that the discipline of law and economics is not only successful in developing explanatory models but also useful to generate better considerations and solutions for legal conflicts in individual cases. This book aims to bridge the gap between the academic and professional literature and demonstrate the benefits of the economic analysis of property rights cases to all those who are interested in law and economics.
Marx at 200
The book provides new vistas on Karl Marx's political economy, philosophy and politics on the occasion of his 200th birthday. Novel developments in the reception of his works in France and the United Kingdom conclude the volume.
Lecture Notes in International Trade Theory: Classical Trade and Applications
Lecture Notes in International Trade Theory covers classical international trade models (including the Ricardian, Ricardo Viner, and Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson models). The course is designed for M.Sc. and first year PhD students. It relies on both graphical and analytic methods, requiring only intermediate microeconomics and a solid grounding in calculus. The material emphasizes "second-best" settings, where markets are imperfect. The goal is to equip students with a good enough understanding of open-economy general equilibrium relations that they understand how distortions ripple across different markets, e.g. commodity and factor markets. The Author applies these ideas to environmental and natural resource problems, including pollution "leakage" (where pollution reductions in one country are offset by trading partners' increased pollution) and imperfect property rights. Other applications include the general equilibrium effects of commodity and trade taxes, international transfers (the "transfer problem"), minimum wage constraints, and immiserizing growth. The Author assumes that students have some experience in formulating and answering comparative statics questions in an optimization setting. Building on these skills, and developing the idea of stability in an equilibrium setting (the Marshall Lerner condition), students learn how to formulate and answer comparative static questions in trade models.
Rent Seeking and Development
The book argues that not only has there been an incomplete understanding of the Vietnamese political economy of the last two decades, but also that neoclassical tools do not adequately address many of the issues that are endangering Vietnam's growth.
Muslim Women in the Economy
This book explores the changing role of Muslim women in the economy in the twenty-first century. Sociological developments such as secular education, female-focused policies, national and global commitments to gender equality as well as contemporary technological advances have all served to shift and redefine the domestic and public roles of Muslim women, leading in many places to increases in workplace participation 聶and entrepreneurship. The volume investigates the contexts of these shifts and the experiences of women balancing faith and other commitments to actively engage in the economy in vastly different countries.The book looks at how family codes and the understandings of Muslim male and female roles sit alongside social and economic advances and the increases in women partaking in the economy. 聶Within a globalised world, it also highlights the importance of the implementation of the current sustainable development priorities in the context of Muslim societies, including Sustainable Development Goal 5 that focuses on the vital role of women and their full participation in all areas of sustainable development.With cases ranging from Saudi Arabia, Iran, Bangladesh, 聶Pakistan, Indonesia, Nigeria, Kenya through to Spain, Bulgaria聶 and Australia, Muslim Women in the Economy will be of considerable interest to those studying, researching and interested in gender, development and religious studies.
Undernutrition, Agriculture and Public Provisioning
Using quantitative techniques, this volume provides empirical evidence on the crucial role of public provisioning of food, water, sanitation and health care in reducing undernutrition in women and children in India. The linkages are cogently explored and connected to the Sustainable Development Goals.
Corporate Law and the Theory of the Firm
The book offers an analysis of common law, contract law, property law, agency law, partnership law, trust law, and corporate statutory law using judicial rulings that proves shareholders do not own corporations, that there is no separation of ownership and control, and shareholders are not investors in corporations.
The Economic Rise of East Asia
In light of the growing global economic importance of East Asia, this book analyzes and compares the extraordinary development paths and strategies of Japan, South Korea, and China. It examines both the factors that enabled these countries' prolonged periods of high-speed economic growth, and the reasons for their subsequent "cool-downs." In addition, the book illustrates how their development strategies served as role models for one another, and what current and future developing countries can learn from the East Asian success stories. This book will appeal to scholars and students of economics and development studies with an interest in the East Asian development model.
The Bread Makers
Bread was the staple of the ancient Mediterranean diet. It was present in the meals of emperors and on the tables of the poorest households. In many instances, a loaf of bread probably constituted an entire meal. As such, bread was both something that unified society and a milieu through which social and ethnic divisions played out. Similarly, bakers were not a monolithic demographic. They served both the rich and the poor, but some bakers clearly operated within regional traditions. Some lived in big cities and others lived in small towns. Some bakers made flat breads and others made leavened loaves. Some made coarse brown loaves and others specialized in fancier white breads. This book offers new methods and new ways of framing bread production in the Roman world to reveal the nuances of an industry that fed an empire. Inscriptions, Roman law, and material remains of Roman-period bakeries are combined to expose the cultural context of bread making, the economic context of commercial baking, the social hierarchy within the workforces of bakeries, and the socio-economic strategies of Roman bakers.
The Moral Case for Profit Maximization
The Moral Case for Profit Maximization considers the moral status of profit maximization, arguing that profit maximization is moral when businessmen seek to maximize profit by forming values and cultivating the virtues.
Formalization of Banking Supervision
This open access book is the first attempt to elaborate the formalization phase of banking supervision in eight developed countries--USA, Japan, Sweden, Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, France, and UK. This innovative study in the field of banking supervision history identifies why national histories of banking supervision share similarities, but also remain different and are heavily path dependent. This book will be of great interest not only to financial/economic historians but also to general readers interested in banking supervision, i.e., students, bankers, supervisors, and international officials.
Formalization of Banking Supervision
This open access book is the first attempt to elaborate the formalization phase of banking supervision in eight developed countries--USA, Japan, Sweden, Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, France, and UK. This innovative study in the field of banking supervision history identifies why national histories of banking supervision share similarities, but also remain different and are heavily path dependent. This book will be of great interest not only to financial/economic historians but also to general readers interested in banking supervision, i.e., students, bankers, supervisors, and international officials.
Cameralism and the Enlightenment
This book reveals the linked history between cameralism and Enlightenment across 18th-century Europe, yielding a transnational, cultural and intellectual history of political economy beyond Britain and France, focusing on the mediation of ideas about commerce, colonialism and natural law.
Metaconscious Entrepreneur
There is a new breed of entrepreneurs who don't resonate with traditional marketing and sales tactics predominantly focused on "what's in it for me." Instead, they're all about "what's in it for we." Rather than putting profits first, they put people and impact first. The new entrepreneurs have no idea how to achieve these goals without making major compromises to their values and integrity. In Metaconscious Entrepreneur, author Stacy Hartmann offers this guide for the visionaries, courageous entrepreneurs who are ready to implement a potent, effective way to grow a wildly successful business that changes the world. These people long to create abundance, and ultimately do the work they know they are here to do in the world, work that contributes to the betterment of humanity. Offering a powerful manual of timeless wisdom, it offers insights, ideas, and new rules of starting and growing a conscious business without giving up who you are and what you stand for. Metaconscious Entrepreneur shows you how to let go of striving and hustling-traits so many mainstream business experts insist we all need to create success-and instead, discover how to align to the highest levels of consciousness, where magic, synchronicity, and instantaneous manifestations happen. Hartmann's unique approach to business strategy and growth demystifies the hidden factors of success found in energy and consciousness. It provides a simple, practical, and high-conscious pathway to bringing your greatest contributions and gifts to the world, while also creating conscious wealth for a juicy and inspiring life.
How Trade Liberalization Affects a Sugar Dependent Community in Jamaica
Located within the plantation economy model of the "New World Group" of The University of the West Indies, this book explores how the changes in the European Union's sugar regime impacted a sugar-dependent community in Jamaica. It details how the end of centuries of preferential treatment of Jamaican sugar in the British/European market in 2005 worsened the social and environmental realities of the Monymusk community in Clarendon, Jamaica, which depended on the sugar industry. In describing the response of the Jamaican Government to the changes in the EU Sugar Regime, and the subsequent roll-out of an EU funded adaptation strategy, the author provides some unique perspectives on this process, drawing on his experience as a senior civil servant involved in the process. The book also highlights the continued social and environmental impact on the area since 2015 . The book concludes with a discussion on the empirical findings and how those findings contribute to the debates on the dependency perpetuated by the Plantation Economy Model of development and the failure of neo-liberal influenced government policies, as well as the lack of imagination of post-independent governments to break this dependency and deliver on the promise of independence.
Metaconscious Entrepreneur
There is a new breed of entrepreneurs who don't resonate with traditional marketing and sales tactics predominantly focused on "what's in it for me." Instead, they're all about "what's in it for we." Rather than putting profits first, they put people and impact first. The new entrepreneurs have no idea how to achieve these goals without making major compromises to their values and integrity. In Metaconscious Entrepreneur, author Stacy Hartmann offers this guide for the visionaries, courageous entrepreneurs who are ready to implement a potent, effective way to grow a wildly successful business that changes the world. These people long to create abundance, and ultimately do the work they know they are here to do in the world, work that contributes to the betterment of humanity. Offering a powerful manual of timeless wisdom, it offers insights, ideas, and new rules of starting and growing a conscious business without giving up who you are and what you stand for. Metaconscious Entrepreneur shows you how to let go of striving and hustling-traits so many mainstream business experts insist we all need to create success-and instead, discover how to align to the highest levels of consciousness, where magic, synchronicity, and instantaneous manifestations happen. Hartmann's unique approach to business strategy and growth demystifies the hidden factors of success found in energy and consciousness. It provides a simple, practical, and high-conscious pathway to bringing your greatest contributions and gifts to the world, while also creating conscious wealth for a juicy and inspiring life.
Work and Leisure in America
What does the future have in store for the United States in regard to technological advances, economic growth, and employment? What insights about the future can be gleaned from a careful examination of economic and institutional developments over the past seventy years? This book examines these questions and many more with the hope of helping readers gain a better understanding of the main factors that determine the path of sustainable progress. To achieve this goal, this book begins by presenting an in-depth summary of the statistical record of the United States from 1950 to 2019 with respect to changes in the major demographic components, the labor force, employment, hours of work, wages and income distribution, and patterns of consumer spending. Part two explores the major institutional and behavioral changes over the past seventy years that have influenced these trends, focusing on changes in family structure, the religious landscape, and trust in the media and public institutions. Part three summarizes the key lessons learned from the economic, institutional, and value changes over the past seventy years, then uses these conclusions as a foundation for exploring potential future trends. Throughout the book, the author argues that sustainable progress does not rely solely on economic forces but depends instead on a supportive institutional framework and a value system that provides a suitable moral compass. While recognizing the pivotal role of technology and labor markets, the author suggests that the fundamental issues facing the United States are largely outside the economic sphere. These include inequality, justice, human relations, the functioning of public and private institutions, trust, and shared values. This book is a must read for anyone who wants to understand the factors that will shape the future of the United States and all other developed economies in the decades to come.
Work and Leisure in America
What does the future have in store for the United States in regard to technological advances, economic growth, and employment? What insights about the future can be gleaned from a careful examination of economic and institutional developments over the past seventy years? This book examines these questions and many more with the hope of helping readers gain a better understanding of the main factors that determine the path of sustainable progress. To achieve this goal, this book begins by presenting an in-depth summary of the statistical record of the United States from 1950 to 2019 with respect to changes in the major demographic components, the labor force, employment, hours of work, wages and income distribution, and patterns of consumer spending. Part two explores the major institutional and behavioral changes over the past seventy years that have influenced these trends, focusing on changes in family structure, the religious landscape, and trust in the media and public institutions. Part three summarizes the key lessons learned from the economic, institutional, and value changes over the past seventy years, then uses these conclusions as a foundation for exploring potential future trends. Throughout the book, the author argues that sustainable progress does not rely solely on economic forces but depends instead on a supportive institutional framework and a value system that provides a suitable moral compass. While recognizing the pivotal role of technology and labor markets, the author suggests that the fundamental issues facing the United States are largely outside the economic sphere. These include inequality, justice, human relations, the functioning of public and private institutions, trust, and shared values. This book is a must read for anyone who wants to understand the factors that will shape the future of the United States and all other developed economies in the decades to come.
An Introduction to the History of Economic Thought in Central Europe
This book addresses the comparative history of economic thought in Central European countries where there is a notable common historic heritage and political traits. The author explores issues of Central European identity, Habsburgian and Soviet influence, and nationalistic traditions, and reveals commonalities between Czech, Hungarian, Polish and Slovak economic thought: such similarities proceed to explain aspects of contemporary economic and social policies in these countries.This book aims to highlight connections among Central European economists and will be of interest to economists, economic historians, sociologists and historians.
Globalization, Political Economy, Business and Society in Pandemic Times
Paths of Development in the Southern Cone
This book analyzes the recent development paths pursued by progressivegovernments in Argentina and Brazil, namely deindustrialization andreprimarization, and the social and environmental consequences thereof. A keypart of understanding the trajectories in both Argentina and Brazil has been therole played by international institutions, especially the IMF and WTO, and also, the ever-growing hegemony of transnational corporations in the global economyand as a result, significantly limiting the possibilities of genuine development forlocal populations. Two major issues which extend beyond Latin America are: the expansion ofgenetically modified crops and agrotoxics and the concern for global food securityand sovereignty; second, how reprimarization, associated with mining, cattle, soyand petroleum, has been key in leading to the risk of desertification in theArgentine pampas and also causing deforestation in the Amazon Rain forest, described as the lungs of the planet, and thus has major implications for climatechange for the planet as a whole. In addition, this book engages with a number of theoretical issues: developmentand dependency in the periphery: neoliberal globalization, accumulation bydispossession, ecological and environmental debates and the role of extractivismand rent. This book is aimed for both academics, activists and those politicallymotivated to analyze, understand and push for social change from a criticalperspective, and also, those interested in a radical analysis of paths ofdevelopment, dependency and socioenvironmental issues in Latin America today.
ABC & D
This book is about an economic system that creates and circulates value. ABC&D explores an economy that is regenerative, accessible, abundant, open source, participative, distributive and devolved - by design. This book is a story of systemic re-orientation, away from an extractive linear economy towards a transformative circular economy. It's about rebuilding 'capitals' through the shift from extraction to circulation in both the monetary and materials cycles at the same time.The book's core concepts are illustrated using the food and farming sector. Through the lens of soil, food and farming systems, it looks in-depth at ways that people can design, build and participate in a regenerative economy. The Circular Economy illustrates really profound shifts and points to a new and emerging economics narrative which is beyond left and right - a devolved, post-capitalist economy based on wealth from the 'commons' and a reinvigorated democracy where the link between work and wages is broken.
Defensive Expectations
This book explains why inflation remains subdued after recessions, based on three revolutionary concepts: defensive expectations, compensatory savings, and cumulative wage gap. When income falls, consumption falls, and savings rise, as people rebuild their past wealth. Households will not spend more until they fully recover what they lost. The revised Phillips Curve explains that current inflation depends on the cumulative difference between current income and past income.This new theory is tested and validated by data for US since 1960 to date and for 35 OECD countries from 1990 to date. A number of policy implications are derived from these results. The book calls for an optimal policy mix between monetary policy and fiscal policy; it also discusses the coronavirus crisis as an extreme case of defensive expectations.
Full Employment
There are many proposals for stimulating economic growth and lowering unemployment, and though they sometimes make full employment a goal, none of them except the plan highlighted in this well-researched book can make it a promise. John Pierson's Economic Performance Insurance (EPI) plan is his life-long campaign to tackle the New Deal's unsolved problems. He explains that the indignity and physical suffering of the jobless themselves do not have to continue, job discrimination can be combated, and our national income will rise as "nonproduction" declines. The social burden of fighting drugs and crime, closely linked with unemployment, can be substantially lightened, as can the heavy cost of welfare programs of all kinds, along with the extra expense passed on to consumers by business and labor in their efforts to cushion themselves against future recessions. According to Pierson, "We are in a long pause between the historic New Deal discovery that depressions aren't acts of God and the awareness that serious business-cycle and unemployment problems can be eliminated altogether. The knowledge we now have, and the challenges we face, demand that we bring that pause to an end."
Economics
The monograph for the first time comprehensively investigates two main areas of modern economics - mainstream and 'neo-Ricardianism', which are in a state of the so-called 'dispute of two Cambridges'. The theoretical advantages and disadvantages of the directions are shown, as well as specific proposals for their synthesis. The author's interpretations of many issues of economic theory are presented, aimed at increasing its consistency, logical persistence and predictability of further development.
Monetary Policy in Low Financial Development Countries
Monetary Policy in Low Financial Development Countries provides a broad coverage of the monetary policy issues faced by developing countries with low financial depth. These low and lower middle income countries are characterized by the predominance of bank finance, shallow financial markets, low financial inclusion, weak integration with world capital markets, and a high degree of informality in economic activity. Monetary policy acquires special twists, making it different in many aspects from the policies followed in advanced and emerging market economies. This book covers the main facets of monetary policy making, using an approach that combines discussions of theoretical arguments, of results from empirical studies and of relevant policy experiences. It presents the monetary policy instruments that central banks rely on in these countries. It assesses the specificities of their monetary transmission mechanism, i.e. the way central banks' actions affect output and prices. It evaluates the advantages, drawbacks, and challenges of the different nominal anchors they may choose from: exchange rate targeting, monetary targeting, and inflation targeting. This discussion is set against the background of the three main goals pursued by central banks: price, output, and financial stability. Particular attention is devoted to the issue of the credibility of central banks and to the trade-offs they face when external shocks, to which these countries are very vulnerable, lead to conflicts among the three goals they pursue. The authors also cover more specific topics, such as the coordination between monetary and fiscal policy, the challenges raised by dollarization, the implications of informal labour markets and of microfinance institutions for monetary policy-making, as well as the role of models for forecasting and policy evaluation by central banks.
Corporate Governance of Chinese Multinational Corporations
This book is the first to explore the issue of corporate governance in China's new corporations. With rapid development over the last two decades, China has seen compelling achievements in overseas investment. Specifically, an increasing number of Chinese companies have been "going out" to become multinational enterprises. From the practical view, corporate governance issues have been identified in the literature as one of the most important factors in determining whether these Chinese multinational enterprises succeed or not. However, existing literature provides little investigation and understanding about corporate governance of Chinese multinational enterprises. This book fills that gap and will be of value to corporate executives, scholars of China's economy, and journalists.
Handbook of Industrial Organization, 5
Handbook of Industrial Organization Volume 4 highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors.
Multi-Polar Capitalism
History teaches us important lessons, provided we can discern its patterns. Multi-Polar Capitalism applies this insight to the crucial, yet often underappreciated issue of international monetary relations. When international monetary systems get first put into place successfully, such as the "classic" gold standard in 1879, Bretton Woods in 1945, or the dollar standard in 1982, they structure relations between the system's centre and the rest of the world so that others can catch up to the leader. But this growth-promoting constellation, a vector for accelerating globalization, runs its course eventually amidst mounting overproduction conditions in key sectors and spreading financial instability. Such periods of global crisis, from the Great Depression of the 1930s to stagflation in the 1970s and creeping deflation during much of the 2010s, force restructuring and policy reforms until conditions are ripe for a renewed phase of sustained expansion.We are facing such a turning point now. As we are moving from a US-dominated world economy towards a multi-polar configuration, we will also see the longstanding dollar standard give way to a multi-currency system. Three currency blocs rooted in the dollar, euro, and yuan will be dominated respectively by the United States, the European Union, and China, each a power centre representing a distinct variant of capitalism. Their complex mix of competition and cooperation necessitates new "rules of the game" promoting the shared pursuit of global public goods, in particular the impending zero-carbon transition, lest we allow fragmentation and conflict shape this next chapter of our history.Multi-Polar Capitalism adds to a century of research and debate on long waves, those roughly half-century cycles first identified by the great Soviet economist Nikolai Kondratiev in the early 1920s, by highlighting the role of the international monetary system in this distinct boom-and-bust pattern.
