The Informal Economy Revisited
This landmark volume brings together leading scholars in the field to investigate recent conceptual shifts, research findings and policy debates on the informal economy. Researchers, practitioners and policy makers will find this book an invaluable guide to the significance of the informal economy.
The Political Economy of Digital Automation
With digital automation becoming ubiquitous, the relationship between man and machine is being redefined. This book, through a focus on America, identifies the tension this relationship has produced, and how it has divided America.
Classical Liberalism and the Industrial Working Class
Thomas Hodgskin is sometimes considered a forerunner of Karl Marx. A closer look at his work reveals a committed advocate of laissez-faire economics, enthusiastic about labor-saving machinery and the Industrial Revolution. This book places him in the tradition of classical liberalism.
Empirical Macroeconomics and Statistical Uncertainty
This book addresses one of the most important research activities in empirical macroeconomics. It provides a course of advanced but intuitive methods and tools enabling the spatial and temporal disaggregation of basic macroeconomic variables and the assessment of the statistical uncertainty of the outcomes of disaggregation. The empirical analysis focuses mainly on GDP and its growth in the context of Poland. However, all of the methods discussed can be easily applied to other countries. The approach used in the book views spatial and temporal disaggregation as a special case of the estimation of missing observations (a topic on missing data analysis). The book presents an econometric course of models of Seemingly Unrelated Regression Equations (SURE). The main advantage of using the SURE specification is to tackle the presented research problem so that it allows for the heterogeneity of the parameters describing relations between macroeconomic indicators. The book contains model specification, as well as descriptions of stochastic assumptions and resulting procedures of estimation and testing. The method also addresses uncertainty in the estimates produced. All of the necessary tests and assumptions are presented in detail. The results are designed to serve as a source of invaluable information making regional analyses more convenient and - more importantly - comparable. It will create a solid basis for making conclusions and recommendations concerning regional economic policy in Poland, particularly regarding the assessment of the economic situation. This is essential reading for academics, researchers, and economists with regional analysis as their field of expertise, as well as central bankers and policymakers.
The Challenges of Public Procurement Reforms
Public procurement affects a substantial share of world trade flows, amounting to 1000 billion euros per year. In the EU, the public purchase of works, goods and services has been estimated to account on average for 16 percent of GDP. The novelty of this book is that it focuses on the new European Union Directives approved in 2014 by the EU Parliament.The book consists of original contributions related to four specific themes of interest to the procurers' day-to-day role in modern public purchasing organizations - both economists and lawyers - allowing for relevant exchanges of views and "real time" interaction. The four sections which characterize the book are Life-cycle Costing in Public Procurement; Calculating Costs and Savings of Public Procurement; Corruption and Probity in Public Procurement and Public Procurement and International Trade Agreements: CETA, TTIP and beyond. These themes have been chosen for their current relevance in relation to the new European Public Procurement Directives and beyond. The original format features, as is the case with the first three volumes, an introductory exchange between leading academics and practitioners, from differing disciplines. It offers a series of sequential interactions between economists, lawyers and technical experts who supplement one another, so as to enrich the liveliness of the debate and improve the mutual understanding between the various professions. This essential guide will be of interest to policymakers, academics, students and researchers, as well as practitioners working in the field of EU public procurement.
China’s Economic Reform and Development during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period
Drawing on modern economic theory, this book comprehensively discusses China's economic development in the period of the thirteenth five year plan between 2016 and 2020. It will help international readers fully understand likely future trajectories for the Chinese economy.
The Macroeconomics of Corruption
Examines corruption through a macroeconomic lens, exploring the relationship between corruption, fiscal policy, and political economy Applies models that analyze the causes and consequences of rising income inequality, long-term economic growth slowdowns and fiscal crises Contains ancillary materials including a technical appendix, end-of-chapter questions and problems, and a complete solutions manual
The Crisis of Democratic Capitalism
From the chief economics commentator of the Financial Times, a magnificent reckoning with how and why the marriage between democracy and capitalism is coming undone, and what can be done to reverse this terrifying dynamic Martin Wolf has long been one of the wisest voices on global economic issues. He has rarely been called an optimist, yet he has never been as worried as he is today. Liberal democracy is in recession, and authoritarianism is on the rise. The ties that ought to bind open markets to free and fair elections are threatened, even in democracy's heartlands, the United States and England. Around the world, powerful voices argue that capitalism is better without democracy; others argue that democracy is better without capitalism. This book is a forceful rejoinder to both views. Even as it offers a deep, lucid assessment of why this marriage has grown so strained, it makes clear why a divorce of capitalism from democracy would be a calamity for the world. They need each other even if they find it hard to life together. For all its flaws, argues Wolf, democratic capitalism remains far and away the best system for human flourishing. But something has gone seriously awry: the growth of prosperity has slowed, and the division of its fruits between the hypersuccessful few and the rest has become more unequal. The plutocrats have retreated to their bastions, where they pour scorn on government's ability to invest in the public goods needed to foster opportunity and sustainability. But the incoming flood of autocracy will rise to overwhelm them, too, in the end. Citizenship is not just a slogan or a romantic idea; it's the only idea that can save us, Wolf argues. Nothing has ever harmonized political and economic freedom better than a shared faith in the common good. This wise and rigorously fact-based exploration of the epic story of the dynamic between democracy and capitalism concludes with the lesson that our ideals and our interests not only should align, but must do so, for everyone's sake. Democracy itself is now at stake.
The Rice Economies
The contrast in the rate of growth between Western and Eastern societies since 1800 has caused Asian societies to be characterized as backward and resistant to change, though until 1600 or so certain Asian states were technologically far in advance of Europe. The Rice Economies, drawing on original source materials, examines patterns of technological and social evolution specific to East-Asian wet-rice economies in order to clarfiy some general historical trends in economic development.
Aid and Influence
This book turns the argument about aid effectiveness on its head. Since development assistance is inherently self-interested, a source of soft power, political manipulation and commercial opportunity, its real effectiveness could arguably be judged by the strength of donor influence and not by development impact.
Ngos, States and Donors
In the last decade the use of non-governmental agencies (NGOs) to promote development and reduce poverty and hunger has become a major feature of development policy. Donors have poured funds into NGOs, governments have allocated them major responsibilities and their number and size has grown. Has this popularity helped them to solve the problems of poverty or has it changed them so that they are now part of the 'development industry' that they used to criticize? This book provides the most detailed study available of the ways in which NGO-State-Donor relationships have changed the role that NGOs play in development. Its papers are introduced by two international experts on the topic and the contributors are leading academics and senior practitioners. The picture that emerges from the general reviews and detailed case studies of African, Asian and Latin American NGOs, is a complex one. However, the authors conclude that there is much evidence that NGOs are 'losing their roots' - getting closer to donors and governments and more distant to the poor and disempowered who they seek to assist.
Bernard Schmitt's Quantum Macroeconomic Analysis
Bernard Schmitt's main original contributions concern the theories of value, profit, and capital, as well as his explanation of inflation, unemployment and international payments, unified as quantum macroeconomic analysis. This book expounds the key principles of quantum macroeconomic analysis as he conceived and developed them.
How Remarkable Women Lead
James Michael Matthew builds on his teachings from Prophecy before Vision to expand on the JM Prophecies Leadership Code, which is: 1. Prophecy must come before vision. Learn to see and alter the future. 2. Embrace leadership, which is all about helping others be successful. 3. Reject self-serving power as it always ends badly for everyone involved. The author applies the Code to explain how JM Prophecies Corporation seeks to invert the global wealth inequality pyramid. You will learn about a variety of proactive projects and ideas designed to rebuild the United States of America. You'll find out how accumulating self-serving power to the detriment of others drives wealth inequality. Whether you work for a public institution, commercial organizations, or elsewhere, you'll find strategies to help others as you find more meaning in your daily life. Join the author as he shares contrarian thoughts and strategies to invert the global wealth inequality pyramid.
Reject Self-Serving Power
James Michael Matthew builds on his teachings from Prophecy before Vision to expand on the JM Prophecies Leadership Code, which is: 1. Prophecy must come before vision. Learn to see and alter the future. 2. Embrace leadership, which is all about helping others be successful. 3. Reject self-serving power as it always ends badly for everyone involved. The author applies the Code to explain how JM Prophecies Corporation seeks to invert the global wealth inequality pyramid. You will learn about a variety of proactive projects and ideas designed to rebuild the United States of America. You'll find out how accumulating self-serving power to the detriment of others drives wealth inequality. Whether you work for a public institution, commercial organizations, or elsewhere, you'll find strategies to help others as you find more meaning in your daily life. Join the author as he shares contrarian thoughts and strategies to invert the global wealth inequality pyramid.
Low Cost/No Cost Tips for Sustainability in Cultural Heritage
Packed full of achievable and clever ways to reduce your impact on the planet, Low Cost/No Cost Tips for Sustainability in Cultural Heritage is simple clear and easy to follow. It is stuffed full of actions that you can take straight away, for little or no cost, that will have an immediate effect, regardless of whether you work in heritage or not. Inspiring, practical and brimming with great ideas, tips and tricks for living and working sustainably. 'Anyone who's passionate about sustainable living (not just in the workplace) will find this book to be such a useful resource' -Meeta Thareja, Co-founder and Director, MetaValue
Microeconomics and Human Behavior
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1982.
The Role Of Culture And Communication In Mediation
In relation to various cultural theories, The Role Of Culture And Communication In Mediation by Edward Dzerinyuy Bello, outlines the crucial role of culture and how its impact is evident within communication during mediation. It offers a practical approach of having mediators remain conscious of their thoughts and actions while attentively facilitating an unbiased communication between the parties involved. Most importantly, however, are the theoretical views and models borrowed from various writers such as Edward T Hall, Eric Berne, Schulz von Thun as authenticated in the lives of the author and others highlighted in the book. Whether a student, traveller in an unknown country, researcher, practitioner, parent or just any person, each individual will mediate at different levels through life's journey. This book contains practical suggestions and points to think about that will enable embracing similarities in differences and contribute to individuals valuing humanity. Ntombekhaya Tshabalala, PhD
Women in Agricultural Production in Nigeria. Participation in Agricultural Services and Training Center (ASTC) Activities
Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2021 in the subject Economics - Innovation economics, grade: 74.5, language: English, abstract: The role of women in agricultural production in Nigeria can never be underestimated; women play prime role in traditional farming from manual farm activities, agro-processing and homemaking. This study therefore analyzed the participation in ASTC activities among women farmers in Jos-south Local Government Area of Plateau state, Nigeria. Multi stage sampling techniques was adopted for this study. Primary data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, weighted average index analysis and Binary Logit regression. The broad objective of the study was to analyze the participation in agricultural services and training center (ASTC) activities among women in Jos-South Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria. Women constitute more or less half of any country's population in most countries. However, women contribute much less than men towards the value of recorded activities both quantitatively in labour force participation and qualitatively in education achievement and skilled manpower. Lawanson (2008) pointed out that, the under-utilization of female in agriculture has obvious implications for economic welfare and growth. Women are regarded as home makers, who oversee and coordinate the affairs and activities at home while the men go out to the farm to work. But at home, however, they engage in the processing of food crops and other produce in addition to their housekeeping duties. In traditional communities, women like their male counterparts, hold farm lands and assist their husbands in their farming activities, as well as actively participate in non-agricultural activities such as craft and dyeing, weaving and spinning, food processing, retail trade, etc. Lawanson (2008) shed more light on the role of Nigerian women in agriculture. As in other parts of Africa, Nigerian women have worked side by side with men in
Inter-Economy Comparisons: A Case Study
Inter-Economy Comparisons: A Case Study of Industrial Development, Currency Devaluation, and Inflation provides an in-depth exploration of the challenges and opportunities faced by developing nations in establishing industrial projects under diverse economic systems. The study compares two modern cement plants--the Gresik plant in Indonesia and the Cushenberry plant in the United States--focusing on their capital costs, operational expenditures, and economic contributions. The analysis highlights the complexities of industrial development in newly independent nations, where economic and political volatility often intersect with the need for self-sustaining growth. The book also examines how infrastructure deficits and the broader socio-political environment influence costs and outputs, providing a comprehensive framework for understanding industrialization in transitional economies. Divided into three parts, the study first compares the capital investments required for the two plants, revealing the higher costs incurred in Indonesia due to the necessity of establishing additional social overhead capital. The second part delves into operational cost comparisons, employing a custom accounting framework to address disparities caused by inflation and differing economic systems. The final section evaluates the Gresik plant's contributions to Indonesia's economy and its broader implications for the country's Eight-Year Development Plan. Through detailed analysis and statistical appendices, the book not only sheds light on the economic dynamics of industrial projects but also offers policy recommendations to guide future development initiatives in similar contexts. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1965.
The Early History of Economics in the United States
This book examines the role of the German Historical School of Economics (GHSE) in the development of the discipline of economics in the US from the 1870s up until the beginning of WWI.
Opportunities and Challenges of the Industrial Park Development in Ethiopia. Lessons from Bole Lemi and Hawassa Industrial Park
Master's Thesis from the year 2019 in the subject Economics - Industrial Economics, grade: Very Good, language: English, abstract: The introduction of IP development in Ethiopia is currently a topical issue. Both the Government and private developers are working on the development of IPs in different part of the country and some of them have started operation while the others are waiting for their completion. The main objective of this study is to exploring the experiences of IP developments in African countries, focusing on identifying main opportunities and challenges and lessons from and to Ethiopia. Both primary and secondary data sources were used. Documents, key informant interview and FGD were among the main data collection instruments used to examine and show IP practices in the continent and Ethiopia's Bole Lemi and Hawassa IPs in particular. Officials and experts from Ethiopian IPDC and EIC, HRMs from nine companies, IPs' managers and employees of enterprises have responded the interview questions; households who are evicted due to IPs constructions have also participated in the FGD and different documents reviewed. Data have been interpreted through theoretical basis, basic standard, conception and comparative approach.
Inter-Economy Comparisons: A Case Study
Inter-Economy Comparisons: A Case Study of Industrial Development, Currency Devaluation, and Inflation provides an in-depth exploration of the challenges and opportunities faced by developing nations in establishing industrial projects under diverse economic systems. The study compares two modern cement plants--the Gresik plant in Indonesia and the Cushenberry plant in the United States--focusing on their capital costs, operational expenditures, and economic contributions. The analysis highlights the complexities of industrial development in newly independent nations, where economic and political volatility often intersect with the need for self-sustaining growth. The book also examines how infrastructure deficits and the broader socio-political environment influence costs and outputs, providing a comprehensive framework for understanding industrialization in transitional economies. Divided into three parts, the study first compares the capital investments required for the two plants, revealing the higher costs incurred in Indonesia due to the necessity of establishing additional social overhead capital. The second part delves into operational cost comparisons, employing a custom accounting framework to address disparities caused by inflation and differing economic systems. The final section evaluates the Gresik plant's contributions to Indonesia's economy and its broader implications for the country's Eight-Year Development Plan. Through detailed analysis and statistical appendices, the book not only sheds light on the economic dynamics of industrial projects but also offers policy recommendations to guide future development initiatives in similar contexts. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1965.
Microeconomics and Human Behavior
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1982.
The Economic and Monetary Union. The Interdependence of Monetary and Fiscal Policy in the Eurozone
Master's Thesis from the year 2001 in the subject Economics - Monetary theory and policy, grade: 1,0, College of Europe, language: English, abstract: This paper addresses the interdependence of monetary and fiscal policy in a monetary union and the ensuing consequences for the economic constitution of the eurozone. Monetary-fiscal interactions are approached from economic theory and game-theoretical perspectives, which provides the basis for a discussion of the political economy of the present institutional framework. It draws extensively on the existing literature covering the linkages between monetary and fiscal policy as well as game-theoretical approaches to the interaction of the two major branches of macroeconomic management. The recently proliferating work on the political economy of Economic and Monetary Union is condensed into its main arguments and critically reviewed. This includes contributions to the understanding of the politics of economic policymaking as well as normative statements about the design of institutions in a monetary union. Most of the sources are papers that focus on specific issues or start from different assumptions, which implies that their conclusions are often diverging or not even compatible. While the thesis tries to provide a balanced representation of the scientific discussion in this area, it does at times stand for a clear-cut choice on controversial normative issues. The paper consists of a theoretical and an applied part. After briefly reviewing the relevant literature in this field, the analytical section develops the necessity of fiscal coordination in a monetary union, based on the interdependence of monetary and fiscal policy as well as the strategic interaction of the institutional players involved. This insight is then applied to the present framework of macroeconomic policy in the eurozone - characterised by the fact that monetary policy is supranationally concentrated, whereas fiscal policy remains decentralised an
Credit and Debt in Eighteenth-Century England
Throughout the eighteenth-century hundreds of thousands of men and women were cast into prison for failing to pay their debts. Credit and Debt demonstrates for the first time the fundamental contribution of debt imprisonment to the early modern economy.
Iscontour 2022 Tourism Research Perspectives
The International Student Conference in Tourism Research (ISCONTOUR) offers students a unique platform to present their research and establish a mutual knowledge transfer forum for attendees from academia, industry, government and other organisations. The annual conference, which is jointly organized by the IMC University of Applied Sciences Krems and the Management Center Innsbruck, takes place alternatively at the locations Krems and Innsbruck. The conference research chairs are Prof. (FH) Mag. Christian Maurer (University of Applied Sciences Krems) and Prof. (FH) Mag. Hubert Siller (Management Center Innsbruck). The target audience include international bachelor, master and PhD students, graduates, lecturers and professors from the field of tourism and leisure management as well as businesses and anyone interested in cutting-edge research of the conference topic areas. The proceedings of the 9th International Student Conference in Tourism Research include a wide variety of research topics, ranging from consumer behaviour, tourist experience, information and communication technologies, marketing, destination management, and sustainable tourism management.
Russia’s Last Capitalists
In 1921 Lenin surprised foreign observers and many in his own Party, by calling for the legalization of private trade and manufacturing. Within a matter of months, this New Economic Policy (NEP) spawned many thousands of private entrepreneurs, dubbed Nepmen. After delineating this political background, Alan Ball turns his attention to the Nepmen themselves, examining where they came from, how they fared in competition with the socialist sector of the economy, their importance in the Soviet economy, and the consequences of their "liquidation" at the end of the 1920s. Alan Ball's history of this experiment with capitalism is strikingly relevant to current efforts toward economic reform in the USSR.
From Poverty to Progress
Steven Pinker: "Magoon has made a valuable contribution in adding to our understanding of the facts and causes of the most important development in human history."Tyler Cowen: "Michael Magoon's new book... will change your thinking about progress and its relevance to your life."In the tradition of Guns, Germs, and Steel, Enlightenment Now and Sapiens, Michael Magoon gives us an astonishing new perspective on our history that will transform your worldview. Magoon shows us that by learning from the past, we can let go of our negative attitudes about the present, and change our world for the better.For virtually all of history, humanity was trapped in poverty by geographical constraints. Fortunately for us, a few societies invented the Five Keys to Progress (productive agriculture, cities, decentralization of power, export industries and fossil fuels), laying the foundations for our current progress. Spanning the topics of history, technological innovation, biology, geography, and politics, Magoon shows us when and where this progress originated, how it works, why it spread across the globe and how it improves everyone's lives today.Read less
Great-Britain's True System
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Japanese Economy
The Japanese Economy, 4th Edition is for anyone curious about economics, for it is impossible to appreciate economics without vivid examples of its application. This book is also for anyone broadly interested in Japan, for it is impossible to fully understand Japan without learning what basic economics has to say about it, which is much. To know Japan - or any country for that matter - is more than an ability to recite a litany of facts about its history, geography, institutions, and culture. Disciplined thinking is needed to organize the disparate facts into a coherent system that can be grasped whole. Modern economics is the academic discipline underlying this book. The book uses economics and explains it, but without presuming the reader has any prior knowledge of it. The main object of interest is Japan. It starts with Japan's economic history since the late sixteenth century through the twentieth century. It then addresses contemporary topics in Japan's economy, beginning with ones that require an economy - wide perspective - economic growth and the business cycle, exchange rates, and the balance of trade. The discussion then moves on to sectors of the economy: the public sector, industry and trade, the financial system, the labor market, and more. The chapters can be read in any order, but four threads run through all the chapters and link them: Japan's economic growth and development, Japan's integration with the world economy, government policies and their effects, and peculiar economic institutions and practices.
The Representational Theory of Capital
This book surveys the history of the idea of capital and offers a tool to its understanding. It uses philosophy, social ontology, legal theory, and economic reasoning, particularly macroeconomic concepts from financial theory, to create an integrated concept of capital. Such concept is then applied to wealth creation and individuals' wellbeing.
Working Democracies
In this inside look at worker cooperatives, Joan Meyers challenges long-held views and beliefs. From the outside, worker cooperatives all seem to offer alternatives to bad jobs and unequal treatment by giving workers democratic control and equitable ownership of their workplaces. Some contend, however, that such egalitarianism and self-management come at the cost of efficiency and stability, and are impractical in the long run. Working Democracies focuses on two worker cooperatives in business since the 1970s that transformed from small countercultural collectives into thriving multiracial and largely working-class firms. She shows how democratic worker ownership can provide stability and effective business management, but also shows that broad equality is not an inevitable outcome despite the best intentions of cooperative members.Working Democracies explores the interconnections between organizational structure and organizational culture under conditions of worker control, revealing not only the different effects of managerialism and "participatory bureaucracy," but also how each bureaucratic variation is facilitated by how workers are defined by at each cooperative. Both bureaucratic variation and worker meanings are, she shows, are consequential for the reduction or reproduction of class, gender, and ethnoracial inequalities. Offering a behind the scenes comparative look at an often invisible type of workplace, Working Democracies serves as a guidebook for the future of worker cooperatives.
Climatenomics
The battle against climate change is no longer just an environmental or social issue. As shareholders demand corporations protect assets against climate change and the economic impact of environmental disasters suck billions of dollars out of the economy, capitalism itself has become an ally. The economic impact of climate change is rattling the foundation of our economy at its very core. It's blowing up centuries-old industries from automobiles to oil and gas, creating new opportunities for investors and entrepreneurs. It's costing Americans billions of dollars each and every year. And most importantly, it's forcing politicians to pass long-overdue policies that will transform our businesses, our lives and our future like never before. The good news about this economic earthquake is that it just might be the thing that saves our planet. This is the first book to lay out how climate change has become an economic issue above all and how that has changed everything from the business to politics to the outlook for the future. Bob Keefe, executive director of E2, a national, nonpartisan organization dedicated to providing business perspectives on environmental issues, shows readers how this new reality will impact their industries, businesses, jobs, and communities and transform our country's economy. Climatenomics will be essential reading for anyone who cares about business, politics, or the future of our planet.
Rural Economy in New England at the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Capital in the Nineteenth Century
Gives permanence and context to Gallman's influential economic research on growth theory. When we think about history, we often think about people, events, ideas, and revolutions, but what about the numbers? What do the data tell us about what was, what is, and how things changed over time? Economist Robert E. Gallman (1926-98) gathered extensive data on US capital stock and created a legacy that has, until now, been difficult for researchers to access and appraise in its entirety. Gallman measured American capital stock from a range of perspectives, viewing it as the accumulation of income saved and invested, and as an input into the production process. He used the level and change in the capital stock as proxy measures for long-run economic performance. Analyzing data in this way from the end of the US colonial period to the turn of the twentieth century, Gallman placed our knowledge of the long nineteenth century--the period during which the United States began to experience per capita income growth and became a global economic leader--on a strong empirical foundation. Gallman's research was painstaking and his analysis meticulous, but he did not publish the material backing to his findings in his lifetime. Here Paul W. Rhode completes this project, giving permanence to a great economist's insights and craftsmanship. Gallman's data speak to the role of capital in the economy, which lies at the heart of many of the most pressing issues today.
Finland
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Worldwide Legacy of Haute Banque
The Haute Banque, an elite form of private or merchant banking, emerged in France in the early 19th century, reached its peak around 1850-1860 before declining in the early 20th century and almost disappearing in the 1960s-1980s. This book examines the legacy of the Haute Banque.
What Determines International Competitiveness of the Economy?
This study examines the determinants of current account, export market share and exchange rates. The author identifies key determinants using Bayesian Model Averaging, which allows evaluation of probability that each variable is in fact a determinant of the analysed competitiveness measure. The main implication of the results presented in the study is that increasing international competitiveness is a gradual process that requires institutional and technological changes rather than short-term adjustments in relative prices.
Resilient and Sustainable Farming Systems in Europe
What exactly is resilience and how can it be enhanced? Farming systems in Europe are rapidly evolving while at the same time being under threat, as seen by the disappearance of dozens of farms every day. Farming systems must become more resilient in response to growing economic, environmental, institutional, and social challenges facing Europe's agriculture. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for enhanced resilience has become even more apparent and continues to be an overarching guiding principle of EU policy making. Resilience challenges and strategies are framed within four main processes affecting decision making in agriculture: risk management, farm demographics, governance and agricultural practices. This empirical focus looks at very diverse contexts, with eleven case studies from Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain and Sweden. This study will help determine the future and sustainability of European farming systems. This title is available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
American Domestic Priorities
Large deficits, increased military and social security expenditures, and the "New Federalism" have put the future of many domestic programs in doubt. How would further cuts in federal funding for these programs affect our society? Can such cuts significantly reduce the federal deficit? Can Administration attempts to transfer public functions form the federal government to the states succeed? In this volume, a group of prominent economists, many of whom have served in Republican or Democratic administrations, raise and answer questions fundamental to the design of domestic policy. They scrutinize the effects of recent policies on poverty, urban transportation systems, the supply of qualified teachers, the cost--and continuing racial segregation--of housing, and efforts to control pollution and improve the environment. tehy describe the likely results of further funding cuts in each area and propose imaginative alternatives for reducing the federal deficit. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1985.
Money and Plan
Money and Plan concerns the changing role of money and finance in the East European countries as they enact economic reforms designed to decentralize economic decisions, extend enterprise autonomy, and rationalize the management of their economies. The book is the first in the Western world to address itself directly to this theme. In the Stalinist economic system, which all European communist countries shared until the mid-sixties and which most still do, money lays a subordinate role. In the production sector its use in planning and by state-owned enterprises has been restricted and circumscribed in many ways. Objectives and performance standards are defined in physical terms (i.e., in physical units of inputs and output). Planning also is executed in physical units. Although banking and other financial institutions exist, they mainly supervise enterprises rather than redistribute national resources or appraise commercial prospects. As for foreign trade, it has been conducted largely on a barter basis. Nevertheless, insofar as money has been used, it has posed a number of important problems. One of these has been chronic inflationary pressure. In the present volume two contributors investigate the historical record and the cause of inflation in Poland, and develop theoretical models to explain the phenomenon. Inflation is only one national economic problem raised by current forms requiring new monetary and financial policies. Decentralization also raises important questions of full employment, balance of payments management, sectoral and regional relations, and incomes policy--matters that will have to be handled increasingly by monetary and financial means, often quite similar to those developed and practices in the West. Moreover, as individual enterprises gain more autonomy in their current operations and investment, and as physical planning and control are curtailed, redit policies, instruments, and institutions will have to be devised to guide micro-economic activity in consonance with national plans. The East European contries that are carrying economic reform much further than the rest are Czechoslovakia and Hungary, which intend to introduce a functioning market mechanism together with considerable enterprise autonomy in the production (state-owned) sector. Three contributors consider the case specially. Another contributor discusses the majore attempt thus far by the East European countries to abandon bilateral, barter-like trade among themselvs in favor of a financial framework for multilateral clearing and a new monetary unit, the "transferable ruble." The editor's Introduction and a concluding chapter by a final contributor view the changing role of money and finance in comprehensive terms. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1968.
Concentration and Price-Cost Margins in Manufacturing Industries
Authors Collins and Preston, who have collaborated on earlier studies of industrial organization and marketing, are here concerned with the relationship between business concentration and profitability in American manufacturing industries. Economic theory states that prices are higher and price-cost margins wider under conditions of monopoly than under those of competition. the problem in applying this theoretical conclusion to empirical analysis and economic policy is that a gap exists between the theoretical concept of monopoly on the one hand and the measurement of concentration on the other. A number of earlier studies have analyzed samples of available data to relate measured concentration to profitability. the present study reviews these previous efforts and provides a common basis for comparison of them. It then analyzes statistical data for the year 1958 in order to obtain an extensive new collection of empirical results. This analysis focuses specifically on the inter-industry variability of price-cost margins, and seeks to explain this variability in terms of differences in concentration and other variables. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1968.
Spending of Middle-Income Families
Most previous investigations of family expenditures have dealt either with families of wage earners or with all families without differentiation. This Heller Committee study centers on white-collar families in which the chief breadwinners were employed in salaried occupations with earnings between $4800 and $7500--a group about whose spending habits little has previously been known. The author analyzes the expenditures of 159 San Francisco Bay Area families. The reader will find not only the sums spent for each general category of expenditure but also the kinds of goods purchased; for example, information is included on ownership and rental of homes, purchase of new and second-hand automobiles, and types of household equipment purchased. Similar details will be found for each category of expenditure, and for the use of installment purchasing. In addition, non-consumption expenditures, mainly provisions for insurance and retirement, are set forth in considerable detail. The study also includes a comparison of the economic behavior of these middle-income families with that revealed in a 1950 Bureau of Labor Statistics Bay Area survey of families with lower incomes. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1957.
Western Technology and China's Industrial Development
This book explores how steam engine technology was transferred into nineteenth-century China in the second half of the nineteenth century by focusing on the transmission of knowledge and skills. It takes on the long-term problem in historiography that puts too much emphasis on politics but ignores the techno-scientific and institutional requirements for launching such an endeavor. It examines how translations broke linguistic and conceptual barriers and brought new a understanding of heat to the Chinese readership. It also explores how the Fuzhou Navy Yard's shipbuilding and training program trained China's first generation of shipbuilding workers and engineers. It argues that conservatism against technology was not to blame for China's slow development in steamship building. Rather, it was government officials' failure to realize the scale of institutional and techno-scientific changes required in importing and disperse new knowledge and skills.
Spending of Middle-Income Families
Most previous investigations of family expenditures have dealt either with families of wage earners or with all families without differentiation. This Heller Committee study centers on white-collar families in which the chief breadwinners were employed in salaried occupations with earnings between $4800 and $7500--a group about whose spending habits little has previously been known. The author analyzes the expenditures of 159 San Francisco Bay Area families. The reader will find not only the sums spent for each general category of expenditure but also the kinds of goods purchased; for example, information is included on ownership and rental of homes, purchase of new and second-hand automobiles, and types of household equipment purchased. Similar details will be found for each category of expenditure, and for the use of installment purchasing. In addition, non-consumption expenditures, mainly provisions for insurance and retirement, are set forth in considerable detail. The study also includes a comparison of the economic behavior of these middle-income families with that revealed in a 1950 Bureau of Labor Statistics Bay Area survey of families with lower incomes. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1957.
Simultaneous Planning for Disaster Road Clearance and Distribution of Relief Goods
This thesis focuses on disaster management. More specifically, the simultaneous planning of the distribution of disaster relief goods and the clearance of blocked roads immediately after the occurrence of a natural disaster such as an earthquake, a flood or a hurricane is investigated.
Concentration and Price-Cost Margins in Manufacturing Industries
Authors Collins and Preston, who have collaborated on earlier studies of industrial organization and marketing, are here concerned with the relationship between business concentration and profitability in American manufacturing industries. Economic theory states that prices are higher and price-cost margins wider under conditions of monopoly than under those of competition. the problem in applying this theoretical conclusion to empirical analysis and economic policy is that a gap exists between the theoretical concept of monopoly on the one hand and the measurement of concentration on the other. A number of earlier studies have analyzed samples of available data to relate measured concentration to profitability. the present study reviews these previous efforts and provides a common basis for comparison of them. It then analyzes statistical data for the year 1958 in order to obtain an extensive new collection of empirical results. This analysis focuses specifically on the inter-industry variability of price-cost margins, and seeks to explain this variability in terms of differences in concentration and other variables. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1968.
