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Fundamentals of Anthroposophical Medicine
4 lectures, Stuttgart, October 26-28, 1922 (CW 314)"I think the stimulus given by anthroposophic research to medicine and to natural-scientific thinking ought to be worked out by those who are specialists in the various domains. Indeed, all that comes from anthroposophic investigation regarding medicine and, for instance, physiology, can be no more than a stimulus that must then be worked out empirically. Only on the basis of this empirical study can there arise valid and convincing judgments of the matters in question--and this is the kind of judgment that is needed in the domain of therapy." -- Rudolf Steiner (Oct. 26, 1922)What is the difference between natural science and spiritual science? Dr. Steiner illumines this question and others in these fundamental lectures for understanding of the anthroposophic approach to human illnesses and their treatments.Topics discussed include the structure of the brain; breathing, metabolic, anabolic, and catabolic processes; the human threefold organization and growth forces; the earth, water, air, and fire elements of the human organism.This volume contains four lectures translated from the German text Physiologisch- Therapeutisches auf Grundlage der Geisteswissenschaft (GA 314).
The Washington Manual Endocrinology Subspecialty Consult
Concise, portable, and user-friendly, The Washington Manual(R) Endocrinology Subspecialty Consult, 5th Edition, provides quick access to the essential information needed to evaluate a patient on an endocrinology subspecialty consult service or in the outpatient setting. Edited by Drs. Janet B. McGill, Julie M. Silverstein, and Sina Jasim, this bestselling manual offers state-of-the-art guidance on the history, physical exam, diagnosis, management, and follow-up for various endocrine and metabolic disorders. Ideal for residents cycling through an internal medicine subspecialty clinical rotation or for fellows who need to better understand the fundamentals, the manual is also useful as a first-line resource for internists and other primary care providers. Enables on-the-spot bedside patient diagnosis and management with quick, efficient answers to your fundamental questions about diagnosing and treating endocrine and metabolic disorders Thoroughly revised to include a greater emphasis on treatment and therapies, including coverage of new drugs and expanded content on transgender medicine and diabetes devices Uses a consistent format throughout and outlines symptoms, signs, and problems in bulleted lists for easy, everyday reference Written by specialty fellows and faculty in the Department of Medicine at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis The Washington Manual(R) is a registered mark belonging to Washington University in St. Louis to which international legal protection applies. The mark is used in this publication by Wolters Kluwer Health under license from Washington University.
Surface and Interface Modification of Graphite and Graphene-Based Materials for Energy and Sensor Applications
Surface and Interface Modification of Graphite and Graphene-Based Materials for Energy and Sensor Applications delves into the latest advancements in carbon-based materials, focusing on how their surface and interface modifications enhance performance in critical applications. This comprehensive collection covers topics such as energy storage, fuel cells, hydrogen storage, biosensors, and environmental monitoring devices. Featuring cutting-edge research on the synthesis and functionalization of graphite and graphene composites, the Special Issue highlights the importance of optimizing these materials for use in supercapacitors, gas sensors, liquid sensors, and more.Written by leading experts in the field, this Reprint serves as an essential reference for researchers, engineers, and professionals working in materials science, nanotechnology, and renewable energy. It is particularly relevant for those seeking to harness the unique properties of graphite and graphene for innovative solutions in energy and sensing technologies. Whether you are developing next-generation batteries or creating ultra-sensitive biosensors, this volume offers valuable insights into the future of carbon-based materials.
Formulation and Optimization of Lamivudine Microspheres
The main objective of the present work was to develop a formulation with increased therapeutic efficacy, reduced frequency of administration and improved patient compliance by developing sustained release microspheres of Lamivudine using different polymers to study its functionality for sustained release of drug from microspheres formulations. Different concentrations of polymers like sodium alginate, HPMC, sodium CMC, chitosan was selected for the study. Microspheres were prepared by using ionic- gelation method. Prepared microspheres were evaluated for particle size, flow properties, drug content, entrapment efficiency. After evaluation of physical properties of microspheres, the in vitro release study was performed in 0.1 N HCl as buffer for 2 hrs. after that replace with 6.8 phosphate buffer up to 8hrs. After 8 hrs. of study microspheres with sodium CMC showed maximum release (88.2%). Among all the formulations F7 which contain 200 mg of sodium CMC release the drug which follows first order kinetics. The optimized formulation of sodium CMC (F7) was subjected to stability with respect to release pattern.
From Molecules to Materials, Devices and Processes
This Special Issue was launched in connection with the joint XIII National Congress of AICIng (the Italian Association of Chemistry for Engineering) and the II National Congress of the Division of Chemistry for the Technologies of the Italian Chemical Society, held at the Politecnico di Milano (Italy) from 25 to 28 June 2023. The aim of the Congress was to present and discuss recent advances in fundamental and applied chemistry in the fields of new or improved technologies, comprising compounds, materials, or processes. In this Special Issue, we pointed out that chemistry provides a molecular-level tool, allowing for significant advances in current and novel technologies in a wide range of fields. In this Special Issue, we collected selected relevant examples of the chemical foundations of the technologies that produced the new, scientific, and technologically innovative results obtained in Italy and elsewhere, in which various methodologies and approaches were used to design new products, materials, or processes in a wide range of fields.
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
This reprint is devoted to the oral microbe Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and its associated distinctive form of rapidly destructive periodontitis that results in early tooth loss, predominantly occurring in adolescents and children of African descent. Three chapters are related to the biological and clinical characteristics of the disease, while six chapters are devoted genetic features uniquely suited for local disruption of the host's homeostatic balance. The final two chapters illustrate how a deep molecular understanding of A. actinomycetemcomitans has been used to develop therapies for diseases such as staphylococcal infections and leukemias. The reprint illustrates A. actinomycetemcomitans's 1) highly adaptable nature, 2) its influence on its microbial cohorts, 3) its modulation of local host responsiveness, and 4) its relationship to tissue damage, microbial survival tactics, and metabolic and competitive ecological strategies. These microbe-related processes can be applied to other infectious diseases. The Damage-Response Framework is illustrated as the most appropriate way to consider this microbe, its effect on its host, and the relationship of time to the extent of damage or repair.
Valvular Heart Disease
Calcified aortic valve disease (CAVD) affects over six million Americans and is associated with changes in the mechanical properties of valve leaflets, resulting in impaired valvular blood flow. CAVD is a fibrocalcific disease with multifactorial risk factors that are related to the complex environment where the aortic valve (AV) resides. This special issue focuses on the field of heart disease, exploring the relationship between heart valve disease, arrhythmia, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease, as well as research progress on new treatment strategies and risk prediction.
Photocatalytic Materials and Photocatalytic Reactions
Photocatalysis is a chemical process that utilizes light energy to accelerate thermodynamically demanding reactions. It offers a sustainable and eco-friendly solution for energy production and environmental remediation. With the increasing demand for clean energy and the need to mitigate environmental pollution, photocatalytic research has gained significant momentum. In recent years, photocatalysis has been rapidly developed, and numerous new photocatalysts and photocatalytic reactions have been explored. However, designing advanced photocatalysts, understanding their structure-dependent properties, and seeking new photocatalytic reactions remain prominent challenges. Herein, various photocatalytic materials, including metal oxides, metal sulfides, metal nitrides, metallo-organic compounds, g-C3N4, clusters, LSPR, magnetic materials and heterojunction/composite materials, etc., are introduced. The photocatalytic applications in hydrogen production, carbon dioxide reduction, organic synthesis, environmental remediation, disinfection, toxicity, and dual-function photoredox reactions are also studied. We hope that these works can inspire other researchers and lead to new developments and breakthroughs in the field of photocatalysis.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
In the last 25 years we have witnessed a change in the approach to rheumatoid arthritis. These changes have made it possible to modify the clinical course and prognosis of the disease, with the subsequent improvement in the quality of life of our patients. This Special Issue explores the most important changes that have occurred in recent years. It starts with an excellent point of view on preclinical arthritis and how we must treat it, considering the window of therapeutic opportunity. Next, because the RA is a condition that predominantly affects women, we discuss the disease through the lens of gender, empathizing the need for this perspective to achieve better research results and personalized medicine. Regarding treatment, the issue takes a journey that begins with the necessity of changing the old paradigm of treatment and the necessity of advancing DMARD lines. We then continue with the anchor drug, methotrexate, and its toxicity then advancing with the real-world persistence of Janus kinase inhibitors, sex differences in response to JAKi and infections related to these drugs. Finally, we examine comorbidities, starting with the Interstitial lung disease, Neutropenia and Felty syndrome and the relevance of radiographic progression. I hope that the issue can be useful for clinicians, rheumatologists, internal medicine specialists, primary care physicians, hematologists, pneumologists, etc. involved in the care of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Updates on Imaging of Common Urogenital Neoplasms
Urogenital neoplasms represent some of the most common malignancies. Advances in imaging have proved vital in early cancer detection and accurate tumor staging, as well as adequate treatment planning, monitoring of the disease, and enhanced surveillance of recurrences after treatment in patients with genitourinary cancers. The aim of this Reprint is to present the role of current imaging techniques, including ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission computed tomography, in the follow-up of patients with urogenital neoplasms. The potential applications of novel imaging tools are also discussed. This Reprint contains 10 articles and deals with gynecologic malignancies, testicular tumors, renal masses, and urothelial neoplasms.
Nutrition Interventions for Healthy Ageing
Ageing is associated with several factors potentially affecting nutritional status. These may be environmental (lack of resources, feelings of loneliness or social isolation, etc.) or biomedical (loss of appetite, taste, or smell, slower metabolism, decreased sense of thirst, pain in teeth and gums, etc.). This exposes older adults to numerous potential complications such as cardiovascular problems, phosphocalcium metabolism disorders, sarcopenia, functional dependence, and death. The challenge for specialists in the field of ageing is, therefore, to manage and ideally prevent these nutritional disorders to promote successful ageing. This Reprint collects research on epidemiological, clinical, and biological aspects of nutrition and the impacts of nutritional interventions in older adults.
Clinical and Ethical Dilemmas in Palliative and End-Of-Life Care
Part of the "What Do I Do Now: Palliative Care" series, Clinical and Ethical Dilemmas in Palliative and End-of-Life Care bridges the gap between the clear, logical, and harmonious clinical world of textbooks and the chaotic, turbulent, resource-constrained, and often unpredictable world of everyday practice. Each chapter begins with a case and is followed by a diagnosis, explanation of next steps, and rationale for decision-making by experts in the field, mimicking the kind of "curbside consult" that occurs between an experienced clinician and someone new to the field. Tackling dilemmas related to patients, families, healthcare professionals, and the healthcare system, this book comprehensively helps readers learn to apply practical knowledge in challenging circumstances-and often with incomplete information-to achieve clinical competency. The volume is also a self-assessment tool that tests the reader's ability to answer the question, "What do I do now?"
Advances in Orbital, Oculoplastic and Lacrimal Surgery
This Special issue focuses on current state-of-the-art orbital, oculoplastic, and lacrimal surgeries. It comprehensively covers various aspects, including orbital inflammatory conditions, orbital blowout fractures, fractures of the orbital walls, dacryoendoscopy, and thyroid eye disease, among others.
Psychoactive Pharmacology
This incisive book offers an epidemiological study of road users' consumption of psychoactive substances in Nigeria. It examines psychoactive drug screening and the use of driving simulators to evaluate skills impairment after drinking alcoholic beverages. Portable electronic digital screening devices such as "Oral Screen," along with other screening devices were used to establish the prevalence of substances of abuse amongst road users in some selected cities in Nigeria. Blood, saliva, urine, and other biological fluids were screened. Skills impairment, characterized by unsafe driving actions based on the level of blood alcohol concentration (BAC), was evaluated using a driving simulator. The findings were validated by application of a Field Impairment Test (FIT) or modified clinical test of impairment. The implication of the results on everyday highway utilization and the best approach for research into screening for psychoactive drugs are highlighted, along with several recommendations to enhance highway safety. Edeaghe Ehikhamenor is a senior lecturer at the University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, and the founder/national coordinator of Save Accident Victims Association of Nigeria (SAVAN) (www.savan.org). He has a bachelor of dental surgery (BDS), a master's in pharmacology, and a Ph.D. in pharmacology and toxicology from the University of Benin. He has extensive research experience on digital screening of alcohol and other psychoactive drugs with saliva and biological fluids to establish skills impairment on a driving simulator. Hope Obianwu is a professor of pharmacology and toxicology who has served as past dean of pharmacy at the University of Benin and the department head at Niger Delta University in Nigeria. He is on the editorial board of several national and international journals, and has mentored several Ph.D. and master's graduates in pharmacology.
Nursing Care in the ICU
The ICU environment is challenging for both patients and staff. The management of critically ill patients is extremely demanding, and the workload and knowledge level required of staff are high. ICU nurses are responsible for the care and treatment of patients in an unstable and/or critical clinical state, assessment of therapies, and the performance of high-intensity interventions. ICU nursing practice includes crucial clinical decisions based on the best available scientific evidence, clinical experience, and patient preferences. ICU nurses carry out specific, autonomous, or complementary interventions of a technical-scientific, managerial, relational, and educational nature; plan healthcare assistance through scientifically validated tools; and identify, analyze, calculate, and treat risks related to care provision by systematically evaluating healthcare outcomes. This reprint consists of eleven chapters, including eight research reports, one review, and two case reports, and is dedicated to the valuable, hardworking, and respected ICU nursing staff.
Chemistry of Materials for Energy and Environmental Sustainability
This reprint introduces the recent research progress made in the chemistry of materials for energy and environmental sustainability. The topics included cover rational designed composite electrode materials for energy storage, effective additives for promoting solar cells, powerful adsorbents for hazardous dyes in water, and versatile membranes for oil-water separation, among others.
Natural Health Sciences
Natural Health Sciences: A Comprehensive Guide serves as a valuable resource for both healthcare practitioners and business professionals, supporting ongoing professional development by bridging the gap between proponents of traditional or natural health systems and those who follow scientific or medical perspectives.
Advances in the Diagnosis of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease
This Special edition titled "Advances in the Diagnosis of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease", offers a comprehensive exploration of innovative diagnostic approaches tailored to the complexities of oral and maxillofacial conditions. This edition features cutting-edge advancements in radiological techniques, such as cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which provide critical insights for precise disease localization and treatment planning. Non-invasive optical imaging and diagnostic tools are also highlighted, emphasizing their potential for early disease detection and monitoring treatment responses. Contributions on pathology and biopsy techniques underscore the pivotal role of histopathological analysis in confirming diagnoses, with a focus on improving tissue sampling accuracy and reliability. The integration of molecular diagnostics showcases the transformative impact of genetic and molecular markers in early-stage disease detection and personalized treatment strategies. A key emphasis is placed on prognostic assessments, particularly the identification of biomarkers linked to disease progression and treatment efficacy. By synthesizing these advancements, this Special Issue bridges the gap between cutting-edge research and clinical application, serving as a valuable resource for healthcare professionals and researchers in the field.
Coronaviruses
This reprint compiles thirty-two peer-reviewed articles that capture the broad landscape of COVID-19 research three years after the pandemic. Organized into six thematic sections-Epidemiology and Public Health Perspectives (7 papers: 1-7), Pathophysiology and Mechanistic Insights (9 papers: 8-16), Diagnostics and Detection Methods (7 papers: 17-23), Therapeutics and Clinical Management (5 papers: 24-28), Vaccines and Immunization Studies (2 papers: 29-30), and Long COVID and Future Directions (2 papers: 31-32)-these works address key scientific and clinical developments in viral evolution, host-pathogen interactions, and public health policies. Articles within these sections examine innovative diagnostics, therapeutic strategies, vaccine approaches, and the broader epidemiological impact of SARS-CoV-2. They also probe the long-term complications of infection and shed light on emerging directions for future research. By uniting diverse scientific perspectives, this reprint aims to support healthcare professionals, scientists, and policymakers seeking evidence-based solutions to mitigate the global burden of COVID-19.
