New Approaches and Technologies in Orthodontics
The aim of this Special Issue was to update readers with the latest research in different areas of orthodontics, with an emphasis on diagnostic and therapeutic advances to widen our knowledge and support scientific and clinical activities. In recent years, new diagnostic and treatment approaches in orthodontics have emerged, and researchers and practitioners must stay current with these innovations. Artificial intelligence (AI) development has advanced, allowing experts to provide better alternatives to patients, make more precise diagnoses, and reduce treatment costs and time frames. New technologies and procedures, such as intraoral scanners, digital models, and measurements, along with the increasing use of CBCT, have slowly grown, enhancing overall patient care, treatment plan management, and prevention, particularly in the early stages. Currently, impacted teeth, facial deformities, OSA, and other oral disorders or pathologies may be detected more quickly, allowing for more direct and timely communication and enhancing patient compliance. Furthermore, technology has enabled the accurate timing and positioning of many types of orthodontic devices, such as functional appliances and mini-screws, and the ability to determine which factors are connected to the orthodontic treatment movement (OTM). The literature is regularly expanding, allowing doctors to provide more effective and less onerous therapies for each patient.
Updates on Breast Cancer
"Updates on Breast Cancer" is a comprehensive collection published as a Cancers' Special Issue that delves into the latest breast cancer research and treatment developments. With a focus on precision medicine, innovative technologies, and personalized patient care, this collection of 18 articles presents a wealth of knowledge and insights for the medical community engaged in breast cancer research and patient care. Breast cancer, one of the most prevalent malignancies globally, continues to be a challenging health concern. In this Special Issue, esteemed experts in the field collaborate to explore diverse aspects of breast cancer, ranging from diagnostics to postoperative surveillance. The aim is to equip healthcare professionals with the tools and information they need to make informed decisions and provide optimal care for breast cancer patients. As readers explore the studies included in the Special Issue "Updates on Breast Cancer," they can discover the remarkable progress achieved through collective efforts, technological innovation, and unwavering commitment. We invited the medical community to embrace these advancements as we work together toward a brighter and more promising future in the fight against breast cancer.
Music Therapy
A thought-provoking collection of essays, lectures and notes on music therapy by Karl K繹nig. Music therapy helps to support individuals' mental and emotional lives through therapeutic exercises that utilize a variety of musical elements. Drawing on the work of Rudolf Steiner, Karl K繹nig, a pioneer of various forms of therapy within the Camphill movement, developed the basics of an anthroposophical music therapy, focusing on the fundamentals of music and how they connect to human beings. This fascinating book brings together K繹nig's lectures, essays and notes on music therapy, most of which have never before been published. In them he explores areas such as studies on hearing, the nature of musical experience, and the role of music in Camphill and music therapy for those with impaired hearing. Alongside the original writings, an in-depth introduction by music therapist Katarina Seeherr explores the evolution of K繹nig's ideas relating to music and music therapy and how he inspired many musicians and therapists to develop this form of therapy. Karl K繹nig Archive, Vol 23.
Biliary Atresia
Despite extensive clinical and basic research, we know very little about the aetiology and pathomechanism of biliary atresia (BA). Today, it is a matter of common sense that early diagnosis (screening programs), sequential surgical treatment (the Kasai procedure and optional liver transplantation), and thorough follow-up in paediatric liver units improve survival rates among BA patients with native livers. However, BA still remains the most frequent indication of paediatric liver transplantation in patients with an unfavourable outcome after the Kasai procedure because the survival with native liver drops below 30% over the long term. Therefore, the following aspects should be considered alongside individual health issues: first, early organ replacement is a multifactorial burden for the growing organism, and second, every patient who survives with their native liver relieves the limited availability of donor organs and benefits national health expenditures with economic savings. From that point of view, international and interdisciplinary strategies are mandatory, in as much as BA is a rare disease. Over the past several years, national and international initiatives have been established in order to improve screening, centralization, diagnosis, as well as surgical and adjuvant treatment protocols. One such initiative is the recently launched European rare diseases network "rare-liver".
Clinical Advances in Cerebral Aneurysm Treatment
The objective of this reprint is to offer readers the most up-to-date insights into managing both ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms. Despite recent advancements in diagnosing and treating these aneurysms, their associated complications significantly affect patient outcomes at various stages of the disease. The early identification and effective management of potential complications are therefore crucial. Additionally, selecting appropriate candidates for preventive treatment and refining treatment strategies can further enhance outcomes. Within this reprint, neurovascular specialists from around the globe contribute their research findings and perspectives on various aspects of cerebral aneurysm management. These contributions aim to deepen our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms behind this complex condition and pave the way for optimizing treatment guidelines in the future.
Seven Plants to Save the World
A path-defining exploration of herbs which, using only seven key plants, provides a revolutionary guide on how you can support the planet and all humankind. Born from nearly a decade of working solely and closely with these seven plants, Karl Elliot-Gough's groundbreaking book presents a new paradigm for understanding our relationship with plants, encouraging all who work with herbs and nature to embark on a journey of sustainability, prosperity and health. With a blend of traditional and scientific research, Elliot-Gough uses these seven key plants - nettle, dandelion, yarrow, plantain, cannabis, hawthorn and blackberry - in a pioneering analysis of the ways in which the bounty of nature can transform not only the health of the individual, but also act as a guide in developing a more sustainable, respectful and abundant world. Seven Plants to Save the World is a bold testimony to the limitless opportunities that the plants can offer humanity, outlining the surprising possibility of systemic change through which the world can become harmonious and sustainable with everyone thriving, as opposed to hardly surviving. The book begins with seven monographs of the individual plants which explore their folklore and traditional usage, the scientific evidence, a range of industrial applications, along with information on foraging, harvesting, recipes and more. The second half of the book presents an innovative compendium of solutions, in which plants are instrumental in sustaining and developing global systems for the benefit of the planet and humanity. These systems include healthcare, economics, industry, agriculture and culture. Elliot-Gough unpicks how plants can guide us in developing a more sustainable future within these systems, benefiting the planet as a whole. Seven Plants to Save the World provides readers with a path to feel emboldened and optimistic in a world which often seeks to suppress systemic change, as well as offering real and practical guidance in implementing such change in our own lives and communities, for the good of the planet and every living thing.
EMS Field Guide ALS Version
The original EMS field guide has grown into the most used reference guide in EMS history, the one that EMS Magazine calls "the original and still the best." The Twenty-First Edition of the EMS Field Guide, ALS Version makes it easy for paramedics, nurses, and physicians to look up their patients' medications, check drug doses, quickly interpret 12-Lead ECGs, and much more!New in the 21st edition: - Revised and updated content to reflect the most current guidelines and medication dosage recommendations- More detailed ECG analyses illustrations- New content on I-gel supraglottic airway- Enhanced information on noninvasive ventilation- Updated content on pediatric medications to reflect best practice recommendations- Completely revised Emergency Medications chapter to include dozens of new medications and pediatric dosing- New content on Ebola, mpox, and COVID-19- Completely revised trauma triage algorithm to reflect 2022 recommendations- Completely revised Poisoning chapter, adding GHB, beta-blocker overdose, calcium channel blocker overdose, Jimson weed, khat, LSD, and mushrooms- Completely revised Prescription Drugs chapter to reflect hundreds of new brand-name and generic drugsLike all of our Informed field guides, this is a resource you'll use in class and take with you throughout your career in the field. All Informed professional field guides are 3x5, fit easily in your pocket, have color-coded tabs, and are water-resistant, alcohol-fast, and durable.
The Spinal Cord during the First and Early Second Trimesters 4- to 108-mm Crown-Rump Lengths
This fourteenth of 15 short atlases reimagines the classic 5 volume Atlas of Human Central Nervous System Development. This volume presents sections of the spinal cord from specimens between 4 mm and 108 mm with detailed annotations. Extensive 3-D reconstructions show the early development of the germinal zones, the earliest neurons and early white matter accumulations at cervical levels only. Other 3-D reconstructions in older specimens show the progressive segregation of motor neuron columns at all levels in the ventral gray. The Glossary (available separately) gives definitions for all the terms used in this volume and all the others in the Atlas.Key Features Classic anatomical atlases Detailed labeling of the structures in the developing spinal cord offers updated terminology and the identification of unique developmental features, such as germinal matrices of specific neuronal populations and migratory streams of young neurons Appeals to neuroanatomists, developmental biologists, and clinical practitioners A valuable reference work on brain development that will be relevant for decades
Personalized Medicine in Orthopaedics
In the evolving field of orthopedics, the shift towards personalized medicine heralds a new era of patient care-promising enhanced treatment accuracy and improved outcomes. This collection, derived from the Special Issue in the Journal of Personalized Medicine, showcases cutting-edge research and reviews focusing on tailoring orthopedic treatments to individual patient needs. Emphasizing innovation in surgical technologies, implant designs, and non-operative approaches, this SI critically addresses the challenges of standardization and the necessity for patient-specific treatment strategies. Contributions delve into understanding the diverse responses to orthopedic treatments, exploring patient-specific disease mechanisms, and the potential for personalized therapeutic regimens to optimize clinical results and minimize complications. This reprint aims to inspire a future where orthopedic medicine not only addresses the disease, but also reflects the unique health blueprint of each patient. We thank our contributors for their insightful research, pushing the boundaries towards a personalized approach in orthopedic care.
Knee Arthroplasty
In recent decades, knee arthroplasty has been one of the most evolving branches of orthopaedic surgery. Very few historical surgical techniques, biomaterials, implantation philosophies, and postoperative approaches are maintained; however, most have been fully implemented, and clinical outcomes, such as patients' postoperative perceptions, have been associated with new paradigms. Nowadays, knee arthroplasty may be considered an "ultra-specialty on specialty" due to the many brand-new aspects arising from its clinical and surgical issues. Thus, this Special Issue on "Knee Arthroplasty: Therapeutic and Management Strategies" includes several modern aspects representing a new vision of this simple but complex surgery. The articles included in this Special Issue propose specific preoperative evaluations and risk factor analyses, the adoption of peculiar surgical techniques or computerized/robotic devices, the use of modern implants and biomaterials, the innovative management of postoperative infections, postoperative strategies, and the evaluation of long-term results. Well-known authors from various countries have contributed to this collection with their expertise and leadership, sharing the highly technical capacity while also providing a clear exposition of these modern aspects that have made and will continue to make knee arthroplasty a highly dynamic sector of orthopaedic art.
Clinical Application of Hemodialysis and Its Adverse Effects
This Special Issue focuses on several important themes related to hemodialysis treatment. It includes fourteen papers: one systematic review, two reviews, three communications, one brief report, and seven original research articles. These articles provide important new insights to many readers. Protein-bound uremic toxin clearance, special characteristics of dialysis membranes, and vascular access cannulation techniques have been reviewed. Nutritional assessment, significance of the trace element zinc, and the impact of COVID-19 infection in hemodialysis patients have been covered in communication articles. Original research articles address several important themes including risk factors for amputation and/or mortality in patients with lower extremity artery disease, vascular access flow and cervical artery circulation, dialysis tolerance and hemodialysis modality, physical mobility, malnutrition and insulin resistance in relation to metabolic syndrome, and the impact of dyskalemia on clinical outcomes in hemodialysis patients. We guest authors believe that these published papers will contribute to extending our knowledge and providing improved clinical care to patients on hemodialysis.
Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases
Autoinflammation, as a relatively new field in clinical rheumatology, has gained increasing importance in recent years. The number of identified entities and affected patients has gradually increased, and some of the involved pathways have already been identified. This progress allows for a deeper understanding of the closely linked diseases, such as inflammasomopathies, interferonopathies, relopathies, and proteasome-associated syndromes. These insights have not only improved their classification, but have also helped us to identify new treatment targets of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1?, IL-6, interferon-, and TNF-alpha. Nevertheless, there is still an urgent medical need, especially in the recognition of syndromes of undifferentiated recurrent fever and reliable outcome measures, for the confirmation of data from controlled clinical trials, in addition to data from registers regarding patients' long-term experiences. This Special Issue welcomed all types of papers on the broad spectrum of clinical characteristics, prognosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of autoinflammatory diseases. The goal of this Special Issue is to further raise awareness of autoinflammatory processes and to better separate them from well-established autoimmune diseases. It is clear that we have entered a new age in this complex field, as rheumatology is increasing linked to immunology.
Visual Rehabilitation of Stroke - A Translational Guide
A consistent amount of patients with stroke and other brain injuries complain for the damage of their visual field. This defect, called hemianopia, is a dramatic event: half of the world seems to disappear all of a sudden. And the Moon is always crescent or waning. Never full. Within the current clinical setting, to date there is nothing ophthalmologists can do to return patients the wonderful sight of a full Moon. The Dogma is: "In the brain what is lost is lost". And the Dogma cannot be broken.Yet, since the past century research has been challenging the Dogma. Investigations reveal that the repetitive stimulation of the blind region of the visual field may restore, albeit partially, the neuronal function, and may improve the scanning ability.This treatise is a translational journey that sets out from the pioneering studies on the effects of brain lesions in wounded soldiers, passes through the mechanisms of spontaneous compensation of hemianopia, continues with the laboratory results, and comes to describing the rehabilitative techniques devised in the last decades.This fascinating journey, with its shadows, stops and go, reverses, confirmations and denials, has not yet come to an end. But it is firmly determined to re-illuminate the dark side of the Moon in these unfortunate patients. And you, dear Reader, are going to be the traveler.Carlo ALECI, Neuro-ophthalmologist, is professor on contract of Psychophysics of Vision at the University of Turin and Editor-in-Chief of Neuro-Ophthalmology & Visual Neuroscience. Author of international papers and books like Dyslexia: a Visual Approach and Measuring the Soul-Psychophysics for non-Psychophysicists, Carlo has recently devised an evidence-based protocol, the Moonlight Project, for rehabilitating hemianopic patients.
Herbal Plants for Memory Support and Brain Health
Herbs that benefit memory and brain health is that some herbs, such as ginkgo biloba, bacopa, and ginseng, have been shown to have positive effects on cognitive function, but more research is needed. People may also react differently to these medications, so it is important to talk to your doctor before incorporating these medications into your daily routine. In general, a healthy diet, regular exercise, adequate sleep, and mental stimulation remain important to maintain mental and cognitive function. Improving memory and mental health is especially important in an age when intelligence is declining significantly. This herb has long been believed to help improve memory and overall brain function. These drugs promise to improve memory and brain function but should be used with caution. An individual reaction to an herb can vary and may be related to medications taken or medical conditions. Additionally, incorporating herbs into a brain health approach that includes regular exercise, proper nutrition, adequate sleep, and mental stimulation may have the most significant impact on cognitive function and overall health.
Biotherapeutics
"Introduction to Biopharmaceutics and Gene Therapy" provides a comprehensive overview of two dynamic fields shaping modern medicine. It begins with an exploration of biopharmaceutics, tracing its historical evolution and highlighting its pivotal role in contemporary healthcare. The fundamentals of gene therapy are then elucidated, covering its various types, historical milestones, and underlying principles. The book delves into the intricate aspects of biopharmaceuticals, including their structure, production methods, and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics. Gene delivery systems are examined, along with their advantages, limitations, and selection criteria. Regulatory and ethical considerations are thoroughly discussed, emphasizing the importance of adherence to guidelines and ethical standards. The book showcases diverse applications of biopharmaceutics and gene therapies across various medical conditions, supported by case studies and examples. Future perspectives and challenges are also addressed, offering insights into emerging trends and strategies for overcoming obstacles.
Engineering and Characterisation of Novel Nanomedicine Formulations
Over the last few decades, nanomedicine has become a hot topic in formulation science regarding selectively delivering drugs to target tissues. Nanomedicines can modify drug release and encapsulate poorly soluble drugs, allowing for a selective targeting and minimizing adverse effects. This is of key importance in antitumoral and anti-infectious therapies, in which undesired drug release can lead to severe damage to healthy tissues. Moreover, they protect drugs from degradation, allowing for the the delivery of RNA. This reprint encompasses works describing the design, development and characterization of lipid nanomedicines, dendrimers and virus nanoparticles among others, as well as the evaluation of their toxicity and their anticancer and antifungal efficacy. Moreover, it analyzes the quality assessment of nanomedicines under clinical investigation.
Clinical Application of Ultra-High Frequency Ultrasound
Ultra-high frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) is an emerging diagnostic technique in several medical fields due to its unique characteristic of providing a submillimeter resolution of anatomical structures. UHFUS was initially developed for pre-clinical settings, with the first clinical application reported only in the early 2000s. To date, an increasing number of applications have been described for the investigation of dermatological, vascular, musculoskeletal and oral diseases. Compared with other ultrasonographic techniques, UHFUS presents the major advantage of providing real-time imaging, along with being repeatable over time, which makes this technique suitable for all stages of disease work-up, from diagnosis to surgical planning and follow-up.There are excellent research opportunities in this field, summarized by the focus of this Special Issue, including the following: novel UHFUS applications and comparison with state-of-the-art techniques; reliability in the diagnosis, prognosis, surgical planning and follow-up of various pathological conditions; and the strengths and weaknesses in clinical and pre-clinical settings.
A Holistic and Integrated Approach to Lifestyle Diseases
The volume discusses the basics of holistic medicine along with detailed explanations of lifestyle diseases such cancers, AIDS, arthritis, and asthma. It advocates several strategies that use a combination of alternative treatment approaches. including medicinal mushrooms, Ayurveda, gene therapy and gene editing technology, and more.
Diabetic Foot Complications
Diabetic foot is a growing complication due to the global increase in diabetes mellitus prevalence; this disease affects 9.1 to 26.1 million people annually, and between 19% and 34% of people develop diabetes at least once in their life. Diabetic foot is sometimes associated with lower limb amputations and higher rates of mortality than certain types of cancer, such as breast or prostate cancer. In recent years, research has focused on managing the main complications that lead to limb loss, such as diabetic foot infections or peripheral vascular disease. The majority of studies have investigated the outcomes in the acute phase when the patient has a complicated diabetic foot ulcer. However, long-term studies, randomized control trials, and studies on prevention, both primary and secondary, are still scarce in the literature. In addition, the benefits of multidisciplinary teams on patient outcomes, health care system organization, the competences of different specialities and health care professionals, and the impact of different organizational and structural approaches are not yet well studied. This Special Issue discusses the current state of the art, addresses ongoing knowledge gaps, and focuses on ongoing controversies related to diabetic foot complications.
The essence of Homeopathy Materia Medica
In the study and application of homeopathy's Materia medica, students focus on constant comparison and differentiation. They meticulously compare remedy pathogenesis with patient anamnesis and differentiate similar symptoms among various remedies to select the simillimum. Essential to this process is a deep understanding of each remedy's individuality, including its peculiar or characteristic features, often encapsulated in keynotes. Dr. Mahendra Prasad Mahapatra's book, enriched by insights from experts like Dr. Kent, Dr. Chowdhary, and Dr. Tyler, takes the form of a keynote compendium. This resource equips practitioners with the pivotal points necessary for accurate remedy selection, facilitating effective homeopathic practice.
Personalized Medicine for Orthopaedic Disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) encompass many conditions affecting the bone, joint, cartilage, muscle, tendon, nerve, and spinal disc. The complexity and heterogeneity of MSDs often pose challenges for clinical diagnosis and treatment, making personalized approaches crucial. Not only do MSDs impact patients' quality of life, but they also carry significant social and economic consequences. This Special Issue of the Journal of Personalized Medicine highlights recent advancements in addressing various MSDs, such as open fractures, knee osteoarthritis, osteomyelitis, and flat foot. As the Guest Editor for this Special Issue, I am privileged to participate in this important work and believe that collaborative efforts are key to enhancing the efficacy of MSD treatment in the future.
Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
This Special Issue on pulmonary sarcoidosis is a state-of-the-art review of the clinical aspects of the disease. The manifestations of pulmonary sarcoidosis are discussed, including its symptoms, chest imaging findings, and pulmonary function test results. The approach to the diagnosis of sarcoidosis is well-outlined. The treatment of pulmonary sarcoidosis is explored in terms of the management of granulomatous inflammation and the proper use of sarcoidosis medications. Complications of pulmonary sarcoidosis are described including pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, and infectious complications. It is hoped that this issue will be valuable to clinicians and assist in improving the care of pulmonary sarcoidosis patients.
Herbs for Memory Support and Brain Health
Medicinal plants have long been prized for their ability to support memory and brain health and provide an alternative to medications. From ancient civilizations to modern science, numerous medicinal plants are known for their neuroprotective and cognitive properties. Ginkgo biloba is obtained from one of the oldest living trees and forms the basis of traditional medicine. The flavonoids and terpenes it contains are known to improve cognitive function and memory by improving blood flow to the brain. Bacopa Monnieri is a well-known herb in Ayurvedic medicine, known for its ability to improve memory and learning abilities. The active compound, bacoside, is thought to support synaptic communication and protect neurons from oxidative stress. Rhodiola rosea, another plant highly regarded in Scandinavian and Chinese medicine, is known for its adaptogenic properties. Rhodiola rosea is known to be effective in supporting overall brain function by regulating the stress response, reducing mental fatigue, and improving cognitive function.
A Practical Treatise on Smallpox
A Practical Treatise on Smallpox, a classical book, has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
My Leper Friends; An account of personal work among lepers, and of their daily life in India
My Leper Friends; An account of personal work among lepers, and of their daily life in India, a classical book, has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
Porneiopathology; A Popular Treatise on Venereal and Other Diseases of the Male and Female Genital System; With Remarks on Impotence, Onanism, Sterility, Piles, and Gravel, and Prescriptions for Their
Porneiopathology; A Popular Treatise on Venereal and Other Diseases of the Male and Female Genital System; With Remarks on Impotence, Onanism, Sterility, Piles, and Gravel, and Prescriptions for Their Treatment, a classical book, has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
My Experiences in a Lunatic Asylum
My Experiences in a Lunatic Asylum, a classical book, has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading causes of mortality in patients with diabetes, and many factors, including hypertension, contribute to this high prevalence of CVD. The current evidence regarding these diseases is quickly expanding, especially in the vascular mechanisms that predispose someone to both conditions. Furthermore, several novel therapies, such as sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, have recently beenshown to have benefits against CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes. With these reasons in mind, the need for updated clinical studies in these fields to optimize the outcomes of patients with diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases arises.Finally, as we know that diabetes, hypertension, and especially CVD are associated with severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19 infection, we also invited colleagues around the world to report their clinical insights with these comorbidities and COVID-19 in order to provide support in this fundamental area during the pandemic.
A Multidisciplinary Approach in Head and Neck Malignancies
This comprehensive reprint, authored by leading experts in the field, investigates the different aspects of the developments in neuro-oncology, including diagnostic tools, imaging, treatment, and surgical strategies. From the prognostic significance of volumetric MRI evaluation in glioblastoma surgery to the transformative potential of the transorbital approach in neurosurgery, this reprint covers a wide array of topics which are crucial for optimizing patient outcomes. Advanced imaging modalities for pediatric thalamopeduncular tumors and the utility of radiologically defined sarcopenia in head and neck cancer patients are also discussed. Key molecular drivers of metastatic disease, such as EGFR mutations in lung cancer, and emerging treatment paradigms for rare entities like primary intracranial gliosarcoma and ALK-positive lymphomas are studied. Real-time neuropsychological testing during awake surgery and innovative surgical techniques for complex lesions like spheno-orbital meningiomas are also discussed. This reprint serves as an indispensable resource for neurosurgeons, oncologists, radiologists, and researchers who seek to stay abreast of the latest developments in neuro-oncology and enhance patient care.
Structural and Computational-Driven Molecule Design in Drug Discovery
This Special Issue aimed to provide deep mechanistic insights into strategies in structural dynamics studies and computational methods. The areas of research included but were not limited to the following: structural dynamics studies, computer-aided drug designs, molecular dynamic simulations, molecular docking, virtual screening, QSAR, and in silico ADMET analyses.
Molecular Mechanisms and Therapies of Colorectal Cancer 2.0
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling has been associated with CRC growth and metastasis due to its involvement in proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and angiogenesis. The TGF-β superfamily contains over forty members, including TGF-βs, Nodal, Activin, and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Three types of TGF-β receptors (TGFβRs) have been identified: types 1, 2, and 3. After ligand binding, TGF-βR2 recruits and phosphorylates TGF-βR1, which, in turn, phosphorylates downstream SMAD (small mother against decapentaplegic) proteins. Phosphorylated SMAD4 translocates into the nucleus, where it activates the transcription of numerous target genes (including SERPINE1, LTBP2, CDKN1A, ARID3B, ATXN1, PTPRK, RAB6A, SMAD7, EHBP1, etc.), acting predominantly as a tumor suppressor gene. Interestingly, alterations in SMAD4 are frequent in metastatic CRC and, together with TGF-βR2 gene mutations, have been reported as late events able to promote CRC progression. The study of the TGF-β pathway in metastatic CRC is challenging because of the great genetic heterogeneity of CRC. However, the increasing availability of targeted and whole-exome DNA sequencing techniques makes it possible to identify genetic mutations in complex, dynamic, and heterogeneous clinical contexts and make correlations with clinical outcomes.
Application of Artificial Intelligence to Advance Individualized Diagnosis and Treatment in Emergency and Critical Care Medicine
Critical illness refers to severe diseases or conditions where health status changes rapidly and may pose an immediate threat to life within a short period of time. The key to successful treatment of critically ill patients involves various aspects of diagnosis, including early prediction of adverse events, accurate identification of pathogens, and differential diagnosis of symptoms. Critically ill patients typically generate vast amounts of data from medical equipment such as bedside monitors, ventilators, and renal replacement therapy devices. Handling such large volumes of data is challenging for human intuition alone. Artificial intelligence can learn complex data structures to acquire knowledge and insights, thereby profoundly impacting the management of critically ill patients. In this context, we have organized this Special Issue to explore the application of artificial intelligence in the management of major diseases, aiming to significantly advance future healthcare. In this Special Issue, researchers from various countries and regions have explored the application of artificial intelligence in critical care, covering aspects such as diagnosis, management, and prognosis. Overall, these studies elucidate the transformative impact of artificial intelligence and machine learning on medical diagnosis and prognosis, heralding a new era of precision medicine that holds promise for improving patient outcomes and optimizing healthcare services.
Cardiac Electrophysiology
Nowadays, the interventional treatment of cardiac arrhythmias represents a continuous challenge. This is mainly due to the widening of indications for implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) and for catheter ablation (CA), as well as to the continuous improvement of these technologies. Despite updates in the international guidelines and worldwide consensus, evidence gaps persist at all points. This special issue covers miscellaneous aspects of invasive and non invasive electrophysiology including integrating imaging during electrophysiologic procedures, prevention of stroke, and management of devices.
Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine 11th Edition
Unique among medical texts, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine is a complete and concise guide to the core areas of medicine that also encourages thinking about the world from the patient's perspective, to develop a holistic approach to care with a passion for practice. Now in its eleventh edition, this renowned Handbook has been fully updated to reflect the latest changes in clinical practice and best management, filled with expert knowledge, practical advice, and reassurance. In the tradition of bringing new voices to each edition, three authors have joined the writing team, bringing a fresh perspective to the content. The chapters on emergencies, endocrinology and diabetes, haematology, oncology, and surgery have been completely revamped, and every page has been reviewed by a consultant and a trainee to ensure it continues to be accurate, relevant, and user-friendly. Figures and illustrations have been carefully revised and updated in response to reader feedback, and key references fine-tuned to include only the most up-to-date and pertinent. Loved and trusted by millions for almost four decades, the unparalleled Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine continues to be your reliable and truly indispensable companion for the practice and philosophy of modern medicine. The warmth and wisdom you will find in these pages will help you become the doctor you want to be.
Systems Medicine for Human Spaceflight
This edited volume makes the case that a systems approach is needed for long-term spaceflight missions. Due to distance from Earth and the impossibility of resupply or rapid return, these flights will entail unprecedented autonomy on the part of the crew. This autonomy includes the need for local clinical decision support and other assistance with urgent medical concerns. The advantage of a systems approach to medical needs in human spaceflight is that it enables a systematic and repeatable methodology for identifying and developing the individual pieces of the spacecraft systems based on the human system needs that are unique to that problem and environment.The book begins by introducing a systems basis for thinking about humans in space. It describes existing models and paradigms of systems medicine, as well as the tools and analytical approaches involved. A tantalizing peek at preliminary applications of systems medicine in NASA is provided. As systems in human spaceflight continue to evolve for the foreseeable future, it is argued that a systems approach will help to ensure that the evolution of the relevant sub-systems is centered on optimal human-system function across the unique spaceflight needs of the developing customer base. The discussions on balancing the needs of the mission versus the maintenance of crew health, medical risk and liability for commercial spaceflights, and the need to anticipate what the next medical issues might be, will hopefully leave readers cautiously optimistic about this new frontier of applied science.
Cranial and Spinal Tuberculosis Infections including Acute Presentations
Central nervous system, affliction, although rare, represents one of the most severe extra-pulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis, potentially leading to substantial morbidity and mortality if not promptly addressed. Cranial tuberculosis can manifest in various forms, including tuberculomas, encephalitis, abscesses, and meningitis, with the latter being the most critical and carrying a poor prognosis if left untreated. Spinal tuberculosis, accounting for approximately 50% of musculoskeletal TB cases, can present with a spectrum of symptoms, ranging from simple back pain to more severe neurological deficits such as weakness and deformity. Anti-tuberculosis medications remain the cornerstone of treatment, and this Element offers an algorithmic approach to managing referrals of suspected tuberculosis, incorporating pertinent clinical information to facilitate effective decision-making.
Cranial and Spinal Tuberculosis Infections including Acute Presentations
Central nervous system, affliction, although rare, represents one of the most severe extra-pulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis, potentially leading to substantial morbidity and mortality if not promptly addressed. Cranial tuberculosis can manifest in various forms, including tuberculomas, encephalitis, abscesses, and meningitis, with the latter being the most critical and carrying a poor prognosis if left untreated. Spinal tuberculosis, accounting for approximately 50% of musculoskeletal TB cases, can present with a spectrum of symptoms, ranging from simple back pain to more severe neurological deficits such as weakness and deformity. Anti-tuberculosis medications remain the cornerstone of treatment, and this Element offers an algorithmic approach to managing referrals of suspected tuberculosis, incorporating pertinent clinical information to facilitate effective decision-making.
Orthopedic Diseases and Traumatology
The surgical therapy of orthopaedic diseases and injuries is subject to permanent change. The development of novel techniques and the establishment of patient-friendly, often minimally invasive procedures has altered many treatment algorithms. Significant clinical success is being achieved in increasingly targeted, individualised therapy approaches. Moreover, post-operative treatment and rehabilitation are similarly undergoing a great change. Patient-related outcome measures are increasingly affecting post-operative rehabilitation courses, providing cause for an evidence-based rehabilitation protocol. Due to the growing awareness of evidence-based post-operative treatments, long off-loading phases and functional impairments are increasingly giving way to early functional therapy, reducing treatment times and minimizing socio-economic costs.
COVID-19 Coagulopathy
This Special Issue aims to dismantle the mechanisms and molecular pathways underlying COVID-19-induced coagulopathy, and present the current advances made possible by our colleagues' research. The 15 published paper contributions encompassed molecular recruitment and binding, enzymatic dynamics and hemostasis disorders, as well as imagistic high-risk identifiers among the coronary disease population affected by the virus, the connection between psychiatric patients also affected and the thrombosis risk of their antipsychotic therapy, and complications in pediatric patients, along with those with primary and secondary immune disorders.As underlined by the published papers, this Special Issue has brought important contributions in understanding the root mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2-induced coagulopathy, defining diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and establishing the role of anti-coagulant and anti-thrombotic therapies which are the most effective for this complex disease.We are pleased to acknowledge that researchers from various fields came together in an effort to provide necessary data about the many forms and manifestations of the coagulations disorders challenging the medical community since the early stages of the pandemic. These data can represent a basis for further studies and a fertile ground for later developments.
Current Research on Dermatology
This Special Issue of Life, collected and presented data on state-of-the-art innovations in this field. The study by Slowińska et al. focused on the clinical, dermoscopic and histological characteristics of patients with melanoma. Kolahdooz et al. investigated how niosomal curcumin suppresses the IL17-IL23 immunopathogenic axis in the skin lesions of patients with psoriasis. Giuglea et al. analyzed the properties of basal cell carcinoma. Mihulecea et al. concentrated their research on the many roles of dermoscopy in melanoma detection. Fulga et al. studied pharyngeal-esophageal malignancies in patients with dermatologic paraneoplastic syndrome. The original article by Kluger evaluated annular erythemas and purpuras in dermatology. Mihulecea et al. demonstrated and assessed the key factors in melanomagenesis. Nicolescu explored and inspected the psoriasis management challenges regarding difficult-to-treat areas in relation to therapeutic decision and effectiveness. Focused on atopic dermatitis, Marinovic Kulisic discussed the immunohistochemical analysis of an adhesion molecule, E-selectin. The review of Bhargava et al. summarized the main potential mechanisms involved in erosive pustular dermatosis. Chilom et al. concentrated their study on primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma co-existing with mycosis fungoides. Foti et al. reported on the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis with dupilumab in three patients with renal diseases. Finally, S璽rbu et al. carried out research on hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia-associated neuropsychiatric manifestations.
Oxford Assess and Progress: Clinical Medicine
Maximise your exam success with this essential revision guide. The fourth edition of Oxford Assess and Progress: Clinical Medicine, features over 600 Single Best Answer questions. Packed with new and updated questions written by experienced doctors, this revision tool is an authoritative guide for finals and the UKMLA. Questions on core clinical topics are accompanied by extensive feedback, which explains not only the rationale of the correct answer, but why the other options are incorrect. Further reading resources and updated cross-references to the eleventh edition of Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine expand your revision further. Progess to exam success with the fourth edition of Oxford Assess and Progress: Clinical Medicine.
Management of Seizures in Neurosurgical Practice
Seizures are a presenting feature of many neurosurgical disorders, and can arise as a result of neurosurgical treatment or its complications. Recognition and effective management of seizures can be life-saving, and will minimise long term seizure induced morbidity. In this Element the authors describe seizure diagnosis, emergency and ongoing management, and considerations in neurosurgical conditions.
Management of Seizures in Neurosurgical Practice
Seizures are a presenting feature of many neurosurgical disorders, and can arise as a result of neurosurgical treatment or its complications. Recognition and effective management of seizures can be life-saving, and will minimise long term seizure induced morbidity. In this Element the authors describe seizure diagnosis, emergency and ongoing management, and considerations in neurosurgical conditions.
Spinal Infections
Diagnosis and treatment of spinal infections are complex clinical problems requiring multidisciplinary approach. Spinal infections can be classified according to the anatomical location involved. Furthermore, they can be divided into primary and secondary types after surgery. The postoperative spinal infections have grown in the recent decades mainly due to the increase in spinal interventions. This reprint contains clinical studies and literature review papers on the diagnosis and management of spinal infections across many clinical areas including surgical sites, primary infections, diagnostic tools and surgical techniques.
Recent Progress in Rehabilitation Medicine
Due to aging societies around the world, more and more people experience impairments and disabilities such as physical impairment, cognitive impairment, frailty, and comorbidity. Indeed, the number of people who need rehabilitation has increased dramatically. This reprint presents the progress that has been made in rehabilitation medicine. It covers chronic pain rehabilitation, orthopedic rehabilitation, renal rehabilitation, and other topics.
Emerging Trends and Translational Challenges in Drug and Vaccine Delivery
This reprint covers recent research and review articles focused on enhancing the safety, efficacy, and targeted and delayed delivery of drug and vaccine candidates, with contributions from various reputed researchers in the field. It is a must-read for the scientific community engaged in drug delivery to better understand the underlying challenges and possible solutions for the translation of novel therapeutics from proof-of-concept lab-scale studies to final large-scale applications.
Masterclass in Medicine
Nearly every medical school around the world teaches a class about the clinical foundations of medicine and how to start the process of becoming a skilled and caring physician. However, there has never been a book on it--until now. This premier text brings together talented and renowned physicians from across the globe in order to discuss important topics related to clinical excellence, including humility, empathy, and ingenuity in medicine. Students, physicians-in-training, and health care professionals will gain tremendous knowledge by hearing the stories of what these master clinicians have learned from their patients and colleagues, thereby providing a foundation in how to achieve greatness as a clinician.KEY FEATURES: Features engaging patient stories and personal reflections from a diverse set of authors Explores successes, failures, and lessons learned that cut across all fields of medicine Serves as a comprehensive meditation on master clinicianship that is ideal for courses in clinical foundations of medicine
Masterclass in Medicine
Nearly every medical school around the world teaches a class about the clinical foundations of medicine and how to start the process of becoming a skilled and caring physician. However, there has never been a book on it--until now. This premier text brings together talented and renowned physicians from across the globe in order to discuss important topics related to clinical excellence, including humility, empathy, and ingenuity in medicine. Students, physicians-in-training, and health care professionals will gain tremendous knowledge by hearing the stories of what these master clinicians have learned from their patients and colleagues, thereby providing a foundation in how to achieve greatness as a clinician.KEY FEATURES: Features engaging patient stories and personal reflections from a diverse set of authors Explores successes, failures, and lessons learned that cut across all fields of medicine Serves as a comprehensive meditation on master clinicianship that is ideal for courses in clinical foundations of medicine
