The Latin American Development Debate
This book reexamines strategies of Latin American development--structuralism versus monetarism, liberalism versus statism, growth versus equity--in light of new theoretical knowledge and recent economic events, reviewing the adjustment processes applied in various countries.
Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology
Volume 39C of Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology, features a symposium marking the 100th anniversary of the publication of Frank H. Knight's Risk, Uncertainty, and Profit.
The Post-Containment Handbook
This book is a source-book for anyone concerned about US-Soviet economic relations and the upcoming debate over their normalization. It is filled with original essays and key documents charting the history of trade agreements, diplomatic relations, and human rights issues as they bear on the commerce between the superpowers.
The Political Economy of U.S. Policy Toward South Africa
By tracing U.S. involvement in South African political and economic development since the late 1800s, this book analyzes U.S. corporate and government motives for maintaining the political status quo in South Africa and provides a basis for the analysis of postwar U.S. policy.
Reassessing/ Avail.Hc.Only! the Mixed Economy
This book provides a reassessment of the government's role in the provision of social insurance. It shows how President Reagan's proposal for a transition to block grants is designed to lay the responsibility for financing the spending in the hands of the same political decision-makers.
Regional and Sectoral Development in Mexico as Alternatives to Migration
This volume examines a number of regional and sectoral developments in Mexico and assesses how they are related to undocumented migration to the United States, representing efforts to identify productive alternatives to the problem of migration.
Reforming Capital Income Taxation
This book surveys the theoretical issues that characterize the problem of reforming capital income taxes in an open economy. It explores the tax incentives and disincentives to investment in an open economy framework allowing cross-border portfolio and direct investment.
The Political Economy of Argentina
This book explores the problem with a dialectical interpretation of contemporary Argentinian history, examining crucial economic and political developments since 1930 from the standpoint of class interests in conflict and discussing early government strategies for industrialization.
Regional Development in Communist Yugoslavia
This book explores the economic inequalities as well as the effects that the leadership's regional policies had on them. It examines the impact of the diverse geography and history of the republics and regions which comprised the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia, at its creation in 1945.
Discovering Artificial Economics
This book discusses and illustrates the emergent behavior produced due to cumulative pattern of interactions in a strongly interactive economy, reflecting the diversity of decisions taken by different economic agents. It takes a look at unexpected socioeconomic changes during the past millennium.
The Political Economy of Public Sector Reform and Privatization
This book suggests some of the ways in which levels of development shape public sector reform and privatization in developed and developing countries, showing that conservative as well as socialist governments were committed to increasing the state's guiding role in the political economy.
Democratic Economic Planning
Democratic Economic Planning presents a concrete proposal for how to organize, carry out, and integrate comprehensive long-run development planning so as to maximize popular participation, distribute the burdens and benefits of economic activity fairly, achieve environmental sustainability, and use scarce productive resources efficiently.
Our Extractive Age
Our Extractive Age: Expressions of Violence and Resistance emphasizes how the spectrum of violence associated with natural resource extraction permeates contemporary collective life.
Monetary Policies in the Age of Uncertainty
This book provides an interesting review of Japanese monetary policies after the bubble economy. The Bank of Japan was the first central bank in advanced economies to implement the unconventional monetary policies during the period. After the Lehman shock, most advanced economies also carried out similar monetary policies to boost their own economies. The Japanese experience in the 1990s and 2000s no doubt played a key role during the period. Although various aspects of the experiences have been examined, not many books have been published based on intensive discussions between the macro and monetary theorists who have been active in academics and the practitioners who have actually been involved in monetary policy. This small but important book has focused on the Japanese experience. Evaluation of that experience found that three solid pillars are of crucial importance: theory, institution, and experience. Those form the basis of the book, without theory, no policies will be formulated and implemented, and implementation depends crucially on institution. Chapter 1 provides a clear theoretical background for the unconventional monetary policies and inflation targeting. Chapter 2 intensively explores the meaning and desirability of the independence of central banks. Chapter 3 reviews the consequences of the Japanese monetary policies in recent decades in comparison with those in other advanced economies.
A Guide to Understanding International Trade and the Balance of Payments
The fundamentals of international trade and the balance of payments are well known. Unfortunately, they are often sadly neglected by policy makers and not well understood by journalists who opine on such matters. As a result politicians advocate a variety of tax and trade measures that sound desirable but not only cannot be achieved but actually hurt the economy. This book is designed to lay out the fundamentals that must be present for policy to work as intended. The material in this book was tested over an 11 year period on more than 150 students, most of whom entered the course with a minimum of training in economics. Their difficulties were noted and the material refined to overcome them. This book is intended for those who have a serious interest in policy dealing with international trade and finance. While the subject matter has not been made simple, an impossibility, it has been made clear.
Innovative Infrastructure Financing through Value Capture in Indonesia
This report proposes a new method to increase infrastructure investment based on the concept of value capture in Indonesia. Indonesia needs significant additional infrastructure investment to sustain its economic growth. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has further limited the fiscal space of the government. The report studies how Indonesia's existing policies and regulations can be used to build a value capture framework that ensures the maximization of the social, economic, and environmental value of infrastructure investments. The framework focuses on strategies to deliver infrastructure projects that create greater value and, at the same time, generate funding for up-front investment.
Harvesting State Support
Agriculture has been among the toughest political battlegrounds in postwar Japan and represents an ideal case study in institutional stability and change. Inefficient land use and a rapidly aging workforce have long been undermining the economic viability of the agricultural sector. Yet vested interests in the small-scale, part-time agricultural production structure have obstructed major reforms. Change has instead occurred in more subtle ways. Since the mid-1990s, a gradual reform process has dismantled some of the core pillars of the postwar agricultural support and protection regime. Harvesting State Support analyzes this process by shifting the analytical focus to the local level.Drawing on extensive qualitative field research, Hanno Jentzsch investigates how local actors, including farmers, local governments, and local agricultural cooperatives, have translated abstract policies into local practice. Showing how local variants are constructed through recombining national reforms with the local informal institutional environment, Harvesting State Support reveals new links between agricultural reform and other shifts in Japan's political economy.
Risk Management in Early Banking
Analyzes how risks were handled in the early development of banking Includes comparisons between the Swedish and international banking markets Features new information on practical risk management in banking during the 19th century
The Wealth of the Elite
1. Introduction.- 2. Current state of understanding: What does economics say about the economic elite?.- 3. Wealth's vista. Trends in Wealth and the Rise of the Billionaire.- 4. The Rise of the Dual Economy - Wealth and Inequality.- 5. Sources of Great Fortunes in the World.- 6. Conclusion.
Deutschland Und China Zwischen Kooperation Und Konkurrenz
Deutschland und China - zwei der gr繹?ten ?konomien der Welt - erscheinen in vielerlei Hinsicht sehr gegens瓣tzlich. Deutschland hat den Begriff der Sozialen Marktwirtschaft entscheidend gepr瓣gt, China gilt als Land, das die Weltwirtschaft des 21. Jahrhunderts entscheidend beeinflussen wird. Nicht erst seit der Coronavirus-Pandemie k瓣mpfen die westlichen Nationen mit wirtschaftlichen Herausforderungen sowie mit der Zustimmung zur liberalen und freiheitlichen demokratischen Ordnung. Zeitgleich steht China wie die westlichen Marktwirtschaften vor beispiellosen 繹konomischen und gesellschaftlichen Aufgaben. Die Autoren zeigen auf, wie Deutschland und China mit diesen Herausforderungen umgehen, was beide ?konomien verbindet und was sie gleicherma?en trennt. Das Buch betrachtet die Entwicklungen und Synergiem繹glichkeiten der beiden marktwirtschaftlichen Systeme und analysiert ihre St瓣rken und Schw瓣chen - fernab von politischen Pauschalisierungen. Es liefert fundierte Antworten in Zeiten emotionaler Debatten 羹ber die Neubewertung globaler Kr瓣fteverh瓣ltnisse.
Economic Inequality - Trends, Traps and Trade-Offs
The book "Economic Inequality - Trends, Traps and Trade-offs" presents the unexplored issues of economic inequality, including case studies of various countries. Inequality is a chronic divisive factor of society. It is well known that inequalities (such as economic, social, cultural, religious, geographical, etc.) have been omnipresent in human society. Inequalities can be found within each family, each community, and each nation and thus globally. Inequality is a major cause of political, economic, social instability, and creates crisis and conflict within society. A major cause of inequality is unequal, uneven, biased, power centric distributions of human economic, social, political, cultural and spiritual human necessities.The edited book examines the major parameters of the socio-economic issues of inequality and focuses on the key economic issues of inequality, namely, income and wealth distribution, equity & equality of outcome, and equality of opportunities. Economic inequality is measured by wealth, income dsiproportions in distribution and consumption patterns in a specific area. Mostly, inequality is measured using various statistical tools including the Gini Coefficient, inequality adjusted human development index, 20:20 ratio, Palma ratio, Hoover index, Galt score, Coefficient of variation, Theil index, wage share etc. However, not all income can be measured by these tools. By using case studies, this book encourages us to reframe economic development through the lens of growing inequalities and disparities. Economic growth per se is disproportional, and the efforts of scholars, practitioners and policymakers should be directed to empower the marginalized of society in a way that 'no one should left behind' (UN Slogan).
Development Economics
This second edition of Development Economics: Theory and Practice continues to provide students and practitioners with the perspectives and tools they need to think analytically and critically about the current major economic development issues in the world. Alain de Janvry and Elisabeth Sadoulet identify seven key dimensions of development--growth, poverty, vulnerability, inequality, basic needs, sustainability, and quality of life--and use them to structure the contents of the text. The book gives a historical perspective on the evolution of thought in development. It uses theory and empirical analysis to present readers with a full picture of how development works, how its successes and failures can be assessed, and how alternatives can be introduced. The authors demonstrate how diagnostics, design of programs and policies, and impact evaluation can be used to seek new solutions to the suffering and violence caused by development failures. In the second edition, more attention has been given to ongoing developments, such as: pursuit of the Sustainable Development Goals continuously rising global and national inequality health as a domestic and international public good cash transfers for social protection carbon trading for sustainability This text is fully engaged with the most cutting-edge research in the field and equips readers with analytical tools for impact evaluation of development programs and policies, illustrated with numerous examples. It is underpinned throughout by a wealth of student-friendly features, including case studies, quantitative problem sets, end-of-chapter questions, and extensive references. Excel and Stata exercises are available as digital supplements for students and instructors.This unique text is ideal for those taking courses in development economics, economic growth, and development policy, and will provide an excellent foundation for those wishing to pursue careers in development.
Base of the Pyramid Markets in Affluent Countries
This book focuses on more engineered countries, such as Europe, North America, Australia, etc. where BOP is also an issue, as it addresses the poorest socioeconomic order in a country, society or region.
Private Sector Operations in 2020
This report highlights the wide-ranging responses of ADB's Private Sector Operations Department to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and its contributions to help achieve Strategy 2030 and the Sustainable Development Goals. The Private Sector Operations--Report on Development Effectiveness series reviews the development effectiveness of ADB's private sector operations. Aside from an overview of COVID-19 responses, the 11th edition of the report also focuses on initiatives in line with the priorities laid out under ADB's Operational Plan for Private Sector Operations, 2019-2024.
Wealth and Virtue
Wealth and Virtue reassesses the remarkable contribution of the Scottish Enlightenment to the formation of modern economics and to theories of capitalism. Its unique range indicates the scope of the Scottish intellectual achievement of the eighteenth century and explores the process by which the boundaries between economic thought, jurisprudence, moral philosophy and theoretical history came to be established. Dealing not only with major figures like Hume and Smith, there are also studies of lesser known thinkers like Andrew Fletcher, Gershom Carmichael, Lord Kames and John Millar as well as of Locke in the light of eighteenth century social theory, the intellectual culture of the University of Edinburgh in the middle of the eighteenth century and of the performance of the Scottish economy on the eve of the publication of the Wealth of Nations. While the scholarly emphasis is on the rigorous historical reconstruction of both theory and context, Wealth and Virtue directly addresses itself to modern political theorists and economists and throws light on a number of major focal points of controversy in legal and political philosophy.
Welfare Economics and Second-Best Theory
This book examines the implications of The General Theory of Second Best for analyzing the economic efficiency of non-government conduct or government policies in an economically efficient way. It develops and legitimates an economically efficient economic-efficiency-analysis protocol with three unique characteristics: First, the protocol focuses separately on each of a wide variety of categories of economic inefficiency, many of which conventional analyses ignore. Second, it analyzes the impact of conduct or policies on each of these categories of economic inefficiency, primarily by predicting the respective conduct's/policy's impact on the distortion that the economy's various Pareto imperfections generate in the profits yielded by the resource allocations associated with the individual categories of economic inefficiency--i.e., on the difference between their profitability and economic efficiency. And third, it is third-best--i.e., it instructs the analyst toexecute a theoretical or empirical research project if and only if the economic-efficiency gains the project is expected to generate by increasing the accuracy of economic-efficiency conclusions exceed the predicted allocative cost of its execution and public financing. The book also uses the protocol to analyze the economic efficiency of specific policies so as to illustrate both how it differs from the protocols that most applied welfare economists continue to use and how its conclusions differ from those produced by standard analysis.
Corporate Conservatives Go to War
Examines the meticulous planning during World War II of US business conservatives to advance the interests of private capitalism in the post-war era. Locates the influence of corporate conservatives in articulating the wartime fatigue of Americans with New Deal liberalism and in restoring the image of private capitalism by war's end. Explains why it was the 'moderate' business groups, and not the conservatives, that finally 'won out' in the contest over deciding the post-war character of US political economy.
Catching Up to America
China's rapid rise is doubtless the most significant economic and geopolitical event in the 21st century. What has led to its rise? What does it mean for the rest of the world? When will China overtake the US? Will the conflict between the two superpowers derail its further rise? Can China's development experience be emulated by other countries? These are some of the important questions addressed in this jargon-free, yet rigorous book. It debunks many popular explanations of China's rapid economic growth ranging from abundance of cheap labor, export promotion, demographic dividend, strong government, to mercantilist policies and IP theft. Taking a global comparative approach, this book demonstrates convincingly that the true differentiating factor making China grow faster than other developing countries over the past four decades is the Confucian culture of savings and education. This cultural perspective yields powerful new insights into many questions regarding China's rise.
An Institutional History of Italian Economics in the Interwar Period -- Volume II
1. Economic Expertise and Political Militancy under Fascism: an Introduction.- 2. From Nationalism to Fascism: Protagonists and Journals.- 3. Planning and Discussing Corporatism and the "New International Order".- 4. "Breaking down the Ivory Tower" Economic Culture in Italian Academies under Fascism.- 5. The Italian Economists as Legislators and Policymakers during the Fascist Regime.- 6. Banks, Firms and Economic Culture. Economists and Research Centres in Interwar Italy.- 7. The Diaspora of Italian Economists: Intellectual Migration Between Politics and Racial Laws.- 8. The Purging of Fascist Economists in Post-war Italy.- 9. Italian Economists in the Interwar Period. Academic, Political and Professional Profiles.
Spectral Theory of Value and Actual Economies
This book develops a unified treatment of the income distribution-capital-value problems with respect to actual economies, and then gradually turns to the issues of effective demand and capitalist accumulation fluctuations from both political economy and economic policy perspectives. That treatment, on the one hand, places produced means of production, positive profits, and capital accumulation at the centre of the analysis and, on the other hand, is analytically based on the modern control theory. Hence, the authors' investigation is concerned with input-output representations of actual single and joint production, heterogeneous labour, and open economies; zeroes in on the characteristic value distributions of the system matrices; and, finally, derives meaningful theoretical results consistent with the empirical evidence, and vice versa. The main topics addressed are the uncontrollable/unobservable aspects of the real-world economies, the powerful low-order spectral approximationsand reconstructions of the inter-industry structure of production-value-distributive variables relationships, the critical-constructive appraisal of both "mainstream" and "radical" theories of value, the matrix demand multipliers and demand-switching policies in heterogeneous capital worlds, and the circular inter-actions amongst income distribution, effective demand, accumulation, and technical conditions of production. Written on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the publication of both Piero Sraffa's Production of Commodities by Means of Commodities and Rudolf E. Kalman's paper "On the general theory of control systems", this book provides a consistent and comprehensive framework for theoretical, empirical, and economic policy research.
Achieving Price, Financial and Macro-Economic Stability in South Africa
1. Introduction.- 2. Do capital inflows relieve banks' credit constraints and boost credit growth? Evidence from credit conditions and bank credit risk.- 3. Credit conditions and the amplification of macroeconomic responses to unexpected shocks: Implications for monetary policy.- 4. Output and inflation responses to single and double credit threshold effects in South Africa.- 5. Do contractionary fiscal shocks transmitted via GDP growth dampen credit growth?.- 6. Do synchronised credit and house price booms impact the monetary policy reaction to inflationary pressures?.- 7. Do synchronised boom and non-boom episodes in credit, commodity and equity prices impact the response of the repo rate to positive inflation shocks?.- 8. To what extent do capital inflows impact response of South African economic growth to positive SA-US interest rate differential shocks?.- 9. Is there a compelling case to increase the SARB holdings of government securities to supplement interest income and neutralize loses due foreign investments and foreign currency reserves accumulation?.- 10. Are the amplification effects of positive shocks to SARB assets and forex reserves on long-term yields dependent on government debt regimes?.- 11. Foreign Currency Reserves: Do they contribute to GDP and employment growth?.- 12. What is the impact of large-scale asset purchases and banks' balance sheets?.- 13. Is the interest rate corridor an effective instrument to dampen the accumulation of excess reserves and inter-bank rate volatility?.- 14. Is the impact of the unexpected positive required reserves ratio shock on inflation expectations different to that due to positive excess LAH and forex reserves shock?.- 15. How potent is the required reserves impact tightening shock on funding and consumer interest rates?.- 16. The impact of large-scale asset purchases on non-resident purchases of South African assets.- 17. Large scale asset purchases and activity in the primary and secondary share and bond markets.- 18. The stock and flow effects of large-scale asset purchases: Evidence from persistent vs transitory shocks.- 19. Has the inflation target band impacted the natural rate of unemployment in South Africa? Evidence from the accelerationist Philips curve.- 20. Do regulatory tools impact the transmission of capital inflow shocks into credit extension and induce the reallocation of sectoral credit shares?.- 21. What role do non-performing loans play in propagating the excess LAH shock effects on sectoral credit re-allocation?.- 22. Is excess CAR beneficial in neutralising excessive credit growth and inflationary pressures? What are the implications for monetary and financial policy?.- 23. Do non-performing loans propagate the transmission of monetary policy tightening shocks to sectorial credit?.- 24. How effective is the relaxation of the countercyclical capital buffer at a time when other residential macro-prudential tools are tight?.- 25. Revisiting the role of money demand function: Does the short fall in money demand impact the inflation responses of rand depreciation shocks?.- 26. Do the shortfalls and overhangs derived from money demand in South Africa augmented with portfolio balances impact inflation dynamics?.- 27. Do the exchange rate depreciation and volatility shocks impact money demand in South Africa?.- 28. Does economic policy uncertainty impact real money demand in South Africa?.- 29. Is a single sectorial credit growth threshold too restrictive? Evidence from the output and inflation.- 30. Does the threshold for household debt growth matter for GDP growth and response of monetary policy to inflation shocks?.- 31. How does a positive repo rate shock affect the household sector intermediation? Evidence from households' flow-of-funds data.- 32. To what extent are the public and private's sector financial asset flows impacted by monetary policy tightening shock?.
The Political Economy of the Welfare State
First published in 1982, the authors of this book, one an economist and the other a specialist in social administration, look at the basic objectives of the various welfare services and from a systematic and comparative standpoint and subject these aims to rigorous analysis and discuss the underlying issues of social philosophy.
International Institutions in Trade and Finance
Originally published in 1981, this book provided an up-to-date and critical review of the recent history and current status of the main economic institutions affecting international trade and relations at the time. The authors emphasise the economic effectiveness or otherwise of such bodies as GATT, IMF, EEC, UNCTAD and the World Bank.
Inclusive Green Growth
Fostering inclusive green growth in Africa means addressing existing and emerging development challenges, while efficiently managing Africa's natural capital and building resilience to environmental, social and economic risks. Although this new paradigm for development has the potential to create tremendous business opportunities, there are also challenges. This book provides empirical evidence on the conditions for the emergence of green businesses in Africa. It includes 13 case studies, which identify the determinants of small and medium-size enterprises' engagement in inclusive and sustainable growth in rural Africa, and the factors that hinder eco-innovation in business and entrepreneurial activities. Furthermore it discusses appropriate regulations and policies to stimulate the development of green business in Africa. Offering insights into the relationship between eco-innovation, labor productivity and business competitiveness in rural Africa, this book appeals to scholars, policy makers and practitioners interested in a green economy for Africa.
Supply in a Market Economy
Originally published in 1976, this title was a new kind of introductory micro-economics text which both assesses the usefulness of traditional theory in tackling social and economic problems and compares and contrasts the alternative approaches to the practical problems inherent in the allocation of scarce resources.
The Growth of the British Economy 1918-1968
Originally published in 1973, the aim of this work was to discuss the various factors governing the rate of growth of the British economy since the First World War. It endeavours to explain - or at least to provide the groundwork for an explanation of - the movements of aggregate production and productivity in this period.
China’s Renaissance: Global Strategies in 21st Century
Chapter I Introduction1. Difficult Road to Renaissance 2. China's International Relations and Strategies and its development 3. An Analysis of China's International Relations from Economic Perspective: A New Logical Framework Part I The International Relations of Population Resources and EnvironmentChapter II Development: Global Strategy of the Balance of Population Potential and Resource1. Being defeated without fighting: Chinese Ethnic Civil Quality Decline2. Main Resource Demands and Gaps3. Global Strategy of the Population and Resource in the futureChapter III Global Warming and China's Development 1. The Position of China in the Negotiation of Global Climate2. China's Strategies3. Discussion on China's Environment Strategy in 21st Century Part II Strengthening the External Competitiveness of ChinaChapter IV The Current situation and Gaps of China's Competitiveness in Science and Technology1. The Position of the Science and Technology Competitiveness of China in the World 2. Surpassing Strategies in Science and Technology 3. Summary and Forecast: Innovation-orientated Country and the Pattern of National Competitiveness Part III China's Trade and Monetary StrategiesChapter V China's Trade in Economic Globalization 1. Four Keys to the Climbing the value chain Strategies2. Trade Strategies for Realizing a Mutually BeneficialChapter VI China's Development and World Monetary System in the future1. The Trend for Currency Appreciation2. Strategies for RMB Appreciation and Avoiding Exchange Rate Losses3. RMB Internationalization4. World Monetary System Comes into BeingPart IV Sino-U.S. in the 21st Century and Geopolitical strategyChapter VII Interest Conflict between the U.S. and China and Strategies for dealing with it.1. Forecast for the Interest Conflict between the U.S. and China2. The Strategies of China and the U.S. for National Interests.3. China's Game Strategies to the U.S.Chapter VIII Gains and Costs from the Sino-American Game 1. What the U.S. Gains from the Sino-African Game Strategies2. Costs of the War between China and the U.S. 3. Costs and Benefits of the Game Strategies in the Cooperation of China, the U.S. and Africa4. Third Party Profits in the Game Strategies in the Cooperation of China, the U.S. and Africa5. Conclustion: Cooperative Game Strategies between the U.S. and ChinaChapter IX China's Geo Environment and Relation Strategy1. China's Order of National Benefits in the World 2. Policies of China's Geo Strategies Part V The Peaceful Revival of Chinese CivilizationChapter X Soft Power and Chinese Civilization 1. Evaluation of China's Cultural Soft Power: Strengths and Weaknesses2. Goals and Strategies of China's Cultural Development in the first half of 21st Century3. Specific Strategies in China's Cultural Development in the Future4. ConclusionChapter XI The Road for Peaceful Development and the Renaissance of Chinese Ethnic 1. Road for Development2. Great Renaissance for Chinese Ethnic
Relational Economics
This book introduces the research agenda of relational economics as a political economy for the governance of local and global economic transactions in modern societies. It analyses the mechanisms of global value creation and production networks by studying cooperation in intra- and inter-firm networks, intersectoral stakeholder management, and transcultural leadership. The author develops a categorical taxonomy for private and public value creation based on the effective and efficient interlinking of, and interaction between, a range of resources and abilities. In contrast to mainstream economics, which largely focuses on the laws of discrete and dyadic exchange transactions, this book assesses the polyvalent characteristics of relational transactions. The chief categories involved in an economic theory of the relations between events are the relational transactions and their various forms of governance; the polycontextual cooperation between economic, political andcivil society agents; and the factor incomes and relational rents that relational transactions produce. Today, relational transactions are the rule, not the exception, in modern economies and their global value creation networks. Given its scope and focus, this book will appeal to scholars of economics, economic sociology, organisational studies and related fields.
Promoting Social Bonds for Impact Investments in Asia
This report reviews the social bond market and explores how social bonds can help tackle a wide range of development issues in Asia and the Pacific. The social bond market has grown rapidly amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. This report explores ways of maximizing the impact of social bonds for sustainable development and of supporting a well-functioning social bond market. It analyzes the impact areas that social bonds have addressed to date and introduces the impact measurement techniques that are in use and under development. It notes the need for common standards of information disclosure and impact measurement.
Oil Money
In Oil Money, David M. Wight offers a new framework for understanding the course of Middle East-US relations during the 1970s and 1980s: the transformation of the US global empire by Middle East petrodollars. During these two decades, American, Arab, and Iranian elites reconstituted the primary role of the Middle East within the global system of US power from a supplier of cheap crude oil to a source of abundant petrodollars, the revenues earned from the export of oil.In the 1970s, the United States and allied monarchies, including the House of Pahlavi in Iran and the House of Saud in Saudi Arabia, utilized petrodollars to undertake myriad joint initiatives for mutual economic and geopolitical benefit. These petrodollar projects were often unprecedented in scope and included multibillion-dollar development projects, arms sales, purchases of US Treasury securities, and funds for the mujahedin in Afghanistan. Although petrodollar ties often augmented the power of the United States and its Middle East allies, Wight argues they also fostered economic disruptions and state-sponsored violence that drove many Americans, Arabs, and Iranians to resist Middle East-US interdependence, most dramatically during the Iranian Revolution of 1979.Deftly integrating diplomatic, transnational, economic, and cultural analysis, Wight utilizes extensive declassified records from the Nixon, Ford, Carter, and Reagan administrations, the IMF, the World Bank, Saddam Hussein's regime, and private collections to make plain the political economy of US power. Oil Money is an expansive yet judicious investigation of the wide-ranging and contradictory effects of petrodollars on Middle East-US relations and the geopolitics of globalization.
Why Trust Matters
Have economists neglected trust? The economy is fundamentally a network of relationships built on mutual expectations. More than that, trust is the glue that holds civilization together. Every time we interact with another person--to make a purchase, work on a project, or share a living space--we rely on trust. Institutions and relationships function because people place confidence in them. Retailers seek to become trusted brands; employers put their trust in their employees; and democracy works only when we trust our government. Benjamin Ho reveals the surprising importance of trust to how we understand our day-to-day economic lives. Starting with the earliest societies and proceeding through the evolution of the modern economy, he explores its role across an astonishing range of institutions and practices. From contracts and banking to blockchain and the sharing economy to health care and climate change, Ho shows how trust shapes the workings of the world. He provides an accessible account of how economists have applied the mathematical tools of game theory and the experimental methods of behavioral economics to bring rigor to understanding trust. Bringing together insights from decades of research in an approachable format, Why Trust Matters shows how a concept that we rarely associate with the discipline of economics is central to the social systems that govern our lives.
China-Us Trade War and Trade Talk
This book focuses on the current tension between China and the US on trade imbalance and discusses China's opening-up strategy in the context of this trade conflict. The book is divided into two parts. In the first part, the author presents a detailed analysis of the current state of the China-US trade relationship and describes the potential impacts of China-US trade conflicts. The topics covered in this section include the re-estimate of US trade deficit with China, China's non-market economy status, the impact of China-US bilateral investment treaties on China's manufacturing sectors, and the estimated welfare losses and gains resulting from the China-US trade war. Part II explores China's possible response and development strategy in the context of de-globalization. Based on an overview of China's three stages of economic reform and opening-up policy in the past four decades, the author discusses the future tasks that would move the country into a new stage of all-round opening up. Lastly, the book comprehensively reviews the role of processing trade, trade liberalization, and firm performance in promoting China's miraculous economic growth so as to foster a better understanding of China's experience of opening up over the past 4 decades.
Public Banks
Public banks are banks located within the public sphere of a state. They are pervasive, with more than 900 institutions worldwide, and powerful, with tens of trillions in assets. Public banks are neither essentially good nor bad. Rather, they are dynamic institutions, made and remade by contentious social forces. As the first single-authored book on public banks, this timely intervention examines how these institutions can confront the crisis of climate finance and catalyse a green and just transition. The author explores six case studies across the globe, demonstrating that public banks have acquired the representative structures, financial capacity, institutional knowledge, collaborative networks, and geographical reach to tackle decarbonisation, definancialisation, and democratisation. These institutions are not without contradictions, torn as they are between contending public and private interests in class-divided society. Ultimately, social forces and struggles shape how and if public banks serve the public good.
Inventory Analytics
Inventory Analytics provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to the theory and practice of inventory control - a significant research area central to supply chain planning. The book outlines the foundations of inventory systems and surveys prescriptive analytics models for deterministic inventory control. It further discusses predictive analytics techniques for demand forecasting in inventory control and also examines prescriptive analytics models for stochastic inventory control.Inventory Analytics is the first book of its kind to adopt a practicable, Python-driven approach to illustrating theories and concepts via computational examples, with each model covered in the book accompanied by its Python code. Originating as a collection of self-contained lectures, Inventory Analytics will be an indispensable resource for practitioners, researchers, teachers, and students alike.
The Poor and the Plutocrats
Why we are poor and others are so very rich, indeed, why they are so rich when we are still very poor.A decisive examination of inequality and its relationship to poverty and wealth, The Poor and the Plutocrats explores how we live in a world of very many poor people and a very few extremely rich ones - the poor and the plutocrats of the title. Globally the last twenty years have seen declines in inequality between countries and the fastest fall in the numbers of absolutely poor in history - those living on less than the World Bank extreme poverty line of US$1.90 per day. In parallel, inequality within some countries has increased markedly, particularly in the US and the UK. In The Poor and the Plutocrats, Francis Teal explains this pattern of falling absolute poverty and rising relative poverty (the decline of global inequality and the rise of inequality within countries) through the lens of how, over the last two centuries, the value of relatively unskilled labour has changed. To understand the co-existence of the poor and the plutocrats, Teal examines the patterns of growth in national income and how the 1% have captured, in some countries, an increasing share of that income. This book explains how we have come to live in a world of such high levels of income and such dissatisfaction with how that income is distributed.
Prophetic City
Sociologist Stephen Klineberg presents "a trailblazing study" (Kirkus Reviews) that shows how the city of Houston has emerged as a microcosm for America's future--based on a meticulously researched, thirty-eight-year study of its changing economic, demographic, and cultural landscapes. Houston, Texas, long thought of as a traditionally blue-collar black/white Southern city, has transformed into one of the most ethnically and culturally diverse metro areas in the nation, surpassing even New York by some measures. With a diversifying economy and large numbers of both highly skilled technical jobs in engineering and medicine and low-skilled minimum-wage jobs in construction, restaurant work, and personal services, Houston has become a magnet for the new divergent streams of immigration that are transforming America in the 21st century. And thanks to an annual systematic survey conducted over the past thirty-eight years, the ongoing changes in attitudes, beliefs, and life experiences have been measured and studied, creating a compelling data-driven map of the challenges and opportunities that are facing Houston and the rest of the country. In Prophetic City, we'll meet some of the new Americans, including a family who moved to Houston from Mexico in the early 1980s and is still trying to find work that pays more than poverty wages. There's a young man born to highly educated Indian parents in an affluent Houston suburb who grows up to become a doctor in the world's largest medical complex, as well as a white man who struggles with being prematurely pushed out of the workforce when his company downsizes. "Eye-opening and accessible" (Publishers Weekly), this timely and groundbreaking book tracks the progress of an American city like never before. Houston is at the center of the rapid changes that have redefined the nature of American society itself in the new century, and is where, for better or worse, we can see the American future emerging.
Towards the foundations of crises
This book tries hard to show what is the effective meaning of the fundamental concepts of the theory of crises. So it goes through the notions of the fall in the rate of profit, of overaccumulation, of crisis of surproduction, of devalorization of capital, etc. In contrast, the book strives to highlight that the representatives of the vulgar marxism, often from academics, give these concepts interpretations that bring Marx back into the fold of the political economy while all this work is aimed at the revolutionary criticism.
