The Farm Crisis, 1919-1923
Study of the abiding farm question in twentieth-century United States history has directed the author's attention to the period 1919-1923 as a turning point in the great economic, political, and social trends of agriculture. As a result of an accumulation of ills and of sharp dislocations caused by World War I, particularly in its world economic position, agriculture was placed in a position of inequality and thrown into a long-lasting depression. This crisis damaged the agricultural industry and the farm population, altered the position of agriculture in relation to the rest of the economy, shifted ideas concerning rural well-being, and established definite lines of farm policy. The purpose of this study is to examine the changes that took place and the attempts of agriculture to improve its status through self-help and political action. The historical approach to the farm crisis, with its general view, should help the reader to recognize continuing problems and to plan for their correction or acceptance. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1957.
China
This title offers a profound exploration of one of the world's oldest civilizations and its pivotal role in shaping global history and modern international relations. This volume, part of a series aimed at fostering mutual understanding among Allied nations during and after World War II, provides a comprehensive and realistic account of China's cultural evolution, societal institutions, and historical milestones. Drawing on contributions from distinguished scholars, the book delves into China's religious and secular thought systems, artistic achievements, economic progress, and political dynamics, offering insights that resonate with both its ancient heritage and its position in the 20th-century global order. Focusing on objective analysis over sentimentality, the book highlights China's resilience and adaptability amid internal and external challenges. It underscores the importance of understanding China's rich historical context to appreciate its contemporary developments. This volume not only serves as an invaluable resource for those seeking to deepen their knowledge of China but also embodies the spirit of international cooperation, aiming to enhance postwar collaboration and foster a more harmonious global community. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1946.
Towards Market Economies
The book is a personal account of the changes in the economies, politics and societies of former Soviet Union countries, and the role of the IMF in helping them make the transition from planned to market economies. From 1992 to 2003, the author was in charge of the IMF's work on the fifteen countries that emerged from the former Soviet Union.
Global Financial Flows in the Pre- And Post-Global Crisis Periods
This book covers many aspects of excessive expansion of cross-border capital flows underlying the global financial crises that occurred in succession in the form of the subprime mortgage crisis, the collapse of Lehman Brothers, and the European debt crisis. Obtaining a broader picture of financial flows at the global level from various perspectives is essential to comprehensively understand the fundamental causes for a series of global-scale financial crises and to formulate effective policy responses in the future. The topics addressed here include a basic concept and overview of global liquidity in a broad sense, domestic and international credit activities of financial institutions in both advanced and emerging countries, and global demand for US dollars. Offshore bond issuance in BRICs countries, including its implications for the Chinese shadow banking sector, uncovered interest rate parity puzzle, and related policies such as capital controls are covered as well. This book ishighly recommended to readers who seek an in-depth and up-to-date integrated overview of the dynamics of today's globalized financial markets.
History of Economic Ideas in 20 Talks
This book provides a concise history of economic thought for readers of all ages. While some basic economics knowledge would be helpful, it is not required. The book sets out to achieve three aims: to be interesting, entertaining, and thought-provoking. While the authors may appear opinionated in certain instances, this is intentionally done in order to alert readers to form their own views. History of ideas does not make the us smarter nor richer, but it can reduce our ignorance and the "banality of evil"--a term Hannah Arendt referred to people who lack self-reflection, "He did his duty...; he not only obeyed orders, he also obeyed the law."
Potential Impact of Digital Currencies on Electronic Payments and Monetary Policy in the Eurozone
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2021 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: 1,0, language: English, abstract: As we move forward, incidents such as the Covid-19 pandemic demonstrate the importance of having access to multiple means of payment. With the growth of digital payment options, the topic of e-money and its economic impact has increasingly come into academic focus. The aim of this bachelor thesis is therefore to summarize the current state of research on digital currencies and to provide new insights into their impact on payments and monetary policy. This study concentrates mainly on the European market with a particular emphasis on the Eurozone. Using recent literature and academic studies, a literature review examines the impact of digital currencies on monetary policy. Further, this paper develops and demonstrates new insights about digital currencies in a quantitative empirical study. The quantitative analysis was chosen in order to obtain measurable values for comparison. From this, the following research question can be derived: How could digital currencies potentially impact electronic payments and monetary policy in the Eurozone? Following the introduction, chapter two provides the reader with a comprehensive and in-depth examination of theoretical foundations. To this end, the terms currency and money are clarified, and different payment systems are discussed. In addition, business models based on companies are presented, as well as monetary policy and the ECB are explained in more detail. After the theory section, the third chapter covers the approach, the empirical method, and the data collection and analysis procedures. Subsequently, chapter four presents the research results to provide an answer to the research question. The fifth chapter deals with the discussion, including hypothesis testing. The final section completes the thesis with a conclusion.
European Union and Monetary Union in Permanent Crisis II
The European Monetary Union based on the Maastricht Treaty doesn't exist any longer. Permanent rescue parachutes, joint liability and legal presumptions by the EU Commission lead to a fiscal union with a redistributive character. Bond-purchasingprogrammes endanger the independence of the ECB. As an alternative, Dirk Meyer develops a parallel currency concept for a functioning common currency.
Housing Policy and Equality
Originally published in 1986, this book compares and evaluates the effects of converting rental housing into owner occupancy in the USA, the UK and Germany.
The Real Oil Shock
The rise of the global financial industry is treated by many economists as a critical component of the rise of neoliberalism. What few address is the role of the 1973 OPEC Oil Embargo and the 1979 Oil Shock in making modern financialization possible. Here, it will be demonstrated that the dramatic transfer of wealth from the industrialized, capitalist world to OPEC's members triggered by the Oil Embargo and the Oil Shock created a vast pool of liquid capital. Oil prices inflation, as a result of Embargo and Shock, also triggered a balance of payments crisis that created unprecedented global demand for credit. Processing this capital and mitigating the inflationary pressures which followed the 1973 Shock encouraged the development of more liquid, internationally mobile instruments that made financialization possible and ushered in the effective privatization of money creation. This transformation of the creation of money, the rise of a new global debt cycle, and petrocapital-fuelled changes to financial practices laid the foundations of modern finance and the neoliberal world order as we know them.
Liberalism and Socialism
In times of pandemic and global economic crisis, little more than a decade after the last, there are serious questions about how the liberal order can stand, who its friends are, and what the future will look like. This edited collection provides a comprehensive overview of the principles and stakes at play in the dispute between liberalism and socialism. It explores the 21st century appeal of socialism, particularly to millennials and other relatively young citizens, and shows why modern classical liberalism and neoliberalism have generated tepid support, leading to the resurgence of socialism after it was thought dead and buried due to the dramatic failures of statist models in 1989. The authors put modern socialism and liberalism into renewed dialogue with another to examine whether the two can coexist peacefully, or even reach an overlapping consensus on social reform going forward. It delves into the history and theory of both liberalism and socialism to determine points of overlap and tension, in addition to a cross-disciplinary interpretive analysis of the present epoch to determine how both traditions have evolved since the 20th century. The book is interdisciplinary and provides a broad array of perspectives including a diversity of ideological perspectives ranging from committed Marxists to libertarians. It will be of interest to academics and students in economics and contemporary political culture.
European Union and Monetary Union in Permanent Crisis I
European integration efforts are on the brink of collapse. In its current state, the European Monetary Union is unintentionally acting more as a dis-integration factor than as a unifying element. Dirk Meyer provides descriptions, analyses and background information on the current crisis. The book is the result of more than ten years of work on the subject.
Applied Financial Econometrics
This textbook gives students an approachable, down to earth resource for the study of financial econometrics. While the subject can be intimidating, primarily due to the mathematics and modelling involved, it is rewarding for students of finance and can be taught and learned in a straightforward way. This book, going from basics to high level concepts, offers knowledge of econometrics that is intended to be used with confidence in the real world. This book will be beneficial for both students and tutors who are associated with econometrics subjects at any level.
Finance in Rural China
This book offers insights into the scholarly debates on formal and informal finance in rural China and fills a gap in the existing literature. The book provides an overview of the overall development of rural finance in China and explains the necessity of embarking on the pathway toward rural financial pluralization through the "Local Knowledge Paradigm". The authors also analyze formal and informal financial development and inclusive finance (including digital inclusive finance) in rural China in various dimensions. This book aids the understanding of the structure of the rural financial system and the operations of rural financial service providers in China. It will be a useful reference for those researching and interested in rural economy and rural finance.
According to Plan
It seems so much is going wrong in America. Some say it's because our leaders are incompetent. Others think it's merely a coincidence. But to millions of concerned Americans, those simplistic explanations no longer ring true. Instead, they sense something else is going on.Kevin Freeman is one of them. Drawing on his deep expertise in investigative analysis, he took a hard look at all that America is going through. Piecing together historical evidence and current events, he made a shocking discovery: The crises facing America are happening according to plan.Decades in the making, it is a plan to take down the greatest obstacle to totalitarianism the world has ever known. And it's a plan that will succeed-unless we unite to save America.
Handover of Power - Free Market Economy
Free Market Economy rethought Do you sometimes worry that the state will impose so many regulations on you that you will no longer be able to compete on the world market? And do you also want trade to be as free as possible in this world? How could a high risk lead to maximum profits without causing damage to uninvolved parties? This book tells us: ... how an economic form with few taxes and requirements can create the greatest possible independence from the state. ... how companies can buy state services or do without them, depending on their needs. ... which currency can connect the free economic forms worldwide and at the same time protect other economic forms. After 20 years of work on this book series, Andreas Seidl thus ventures a step towards founding a party. In doing so, he entertains his readers both intellectually and visionarily. If this work can give you hope, inspire you or move you to action, it has fulfilled its purpose. Available in German and English
Handover of Power - Free Market Economy
Free Market Economy rethought Do you sometimes worry that the state will impose so many regulations on you that you will no longer be able to compete on the world market? And do you also want trade to be as free as possible in this world? How could a high risk lead to maximum profits without causing damage to uninvolved parties? This book tells us: ... how an economic form with few taxes and requirements can create the greatest possible independence from the state. ... how companies can buy state services or do without them, depending on their needs. ... which currency can connect the free economic forms worldwide and at the same time protect other economic forms. After 20 years of work on this book series, Andreas Seidl thus ventures a step towards founding a party. In doing so, he entertains his readers both intellectually and visionarily. If this work can give you hope, inspire you or move you to action, it has fulfilled its purpose. Available in German and English
Handover of Power - Barter Economy
Barter Economy rethought Do you sometimes worry that you won't be able to live without money or the internet? And do you also wish for a retreat to slow down in nature? Where can you find areas nowadays where you can live in harmony with wild nature? This book tells us: ... how state forests and nature reserves can be open to humans as a habitat without endangering the regrowth of the animals and plants there. ... how three different comfort levels can take their inhabitants back to different ages. ... which adjustments are necessary so that a life without money and the current state of technology can be possible without having to give up one's assets. After 20 years of work on this book series, Andreas Seidl thus ventures a step towards founding a party. In doing so, he entertains his readers both intellectually and visionarily. If this work can give you hope, inspire you or move you to action, it has fulfilled its purpose. Available in German and English
Quantitative Models in Life Science Business
This open access book explores the field of life science business from a multidisciplinary perspective. Applying statistical, mathematical, game-theoretic, and data science tools to pharmaceutical and biotechnology business endeavors, the book describes value creation, value maintenance, and value realization in the life sciences as a sequence of processes using the quantitative language of applied mathematics. Written by experts from a variety of fields, the contributions illustrate the shift from a deterministic to a stochastic view of the processes involved, offering a new perspective on life sciences economics. The book covers topics such as valuing and managing intellectual property in life science, licensing in the pharmaceutical business, outsourcing pharmaceutical R&D, and stochastic modelling of a pharmaceutical supply chain. The book will appeal to scholars of economics and the life sciences, as well as to professionals in chemical and pharmaceutical industries.
Industrial Development of Taiwan
The edited book looks at Taiwan's past successful development model, summarises Taiwan's current situation, outlines the future challenges beyond the year 2020, and provides policy recommendations in the aforementioned aspects.
Financial Inclusion in Asia and Beyond
The book looks at various, salient topics and includes measurement of financial inclusion, the impact of (various indicators of) financial inclusion on development outcomes and macroeconomic volatility using aggregate data, as well as the effects of financial inclusion on poverty and development outcomes using micro data.
The Taxation of Energy-Sector Assets: Polish Tax Legislation on the Eve of Energy Transformation
This book answers the question: is Polish property tax legislation ready for the upcoming energy transformation?In Poland, real estate tax (property tax) is a material cost for property owners in energy because of the high value assets used by the sector. At the same time, unclear provisions of Polish tax law and variable jurisprudence can make it challenging for entrepreneurs to predict their tax bills. The current provisions of Polish tax law are often not well adjusted to the reality of modern economy, particularly in the case of assets used in the renewable energy sector. The book describes the problems that face taxpayers, tax authorities, and the administrative courts trying to apply current real estate tax provisions to renewable energy assets. The authors also examine the question of whether Polish legislators treat traditional and renewable sources of energy fairly.The readers of this book will be practitioners and researchers who are interested in issues of renewable energy taxation.
Microeconomics
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts and principles of microeconomics. It introduces students to the models, assumptions, and empirical applications of modern microeconomics, as well as to the necessary mathematical tools. It covers topics such as economic behavior, consumer theory, theory of the firm, partial and general equilibrium theory, industrial organization, bargaining theory, and Pareto optimality. Students learn not only about economic outcomes at a given point of equilibrium, but also about dynamic economics, which includes both equilibrium and disequilibrium.This book is intended for undergraduate and graduate students in economics and related fields who are interested in the basic theories and applications of microeconomics.
The Austrian School of Economics in the 21st Century
This book provides an overview of the evolution and theories of the Austrian School of Economics and develops answers to current economic questions and the pressing problems of the 21st century from the Austrian perspective. Readers will learn about the fundamental ideas of the Austrian School, the current state of Austrian economics, and the intellectual figures and institutions that sustain it as a vibrant intellectual movement. International experts on Austrian economics cover topics such as the economic impact of pandemics, trade blocs, federalism and European integration, and the economic development of China. The book also discusses the influence of the Austrian School on modern economic thought and mainstream economics, as well as on policymakers. It will appeal to students and scholars of economics and to anyone interested in social and economic liberalism.
Traders, Informal Trade and Markets Between the Caucasus and China
The book is about the economic practices of traders and businesspeople from the Caucasus and China who work in local bazaars in Tbilisi and Beijing. It describes their activities, their motivations, their socio-cultural backgrounds, their work environments, and their interactions with one another. Contributing to a broader debate on the nature and role of informal economic practices in the post-Soviet periphery and processes of "globalization from below", the book aims at providing a thick description of the embeddedness of bazaar traders' economic behaviors and strategies in local and global political, economic, and cultural contexts, markets and supply chains.
The Rise of the Middle Class in Contemporary China
Chapter 1 The Urgent Need for the Rise of the Middle Class in Contemporary China.- Chapter 2 The Origin and Development of Middle Class.- Chapter 3 Who is the Modern Middle Class in China?.- Chapter 4 Analysis of the Status Quo and the Problems of the Middle Class in Contemporary China.- Chapter 5 The Rise of the Middle Class in Contemporary China Looks Promising.- Chapter 6 Valuable Experience Overseas.- Chapter 7 Thoughts and Objectives regarding the Comprehensive Rise of the Middle Class.- Chapter 8 Basic Measures for the Overall Rise of the Middle Class.- Chapter 9 Key Work of the Comprehensive "Xingzhong" （Rise of the Middle Class） at Present.
China's Foreign Trade
Chapter 1. A Centralized Management System, 1949-1952Chapter 2. From Centralized Control to Central Planning, 1953-1966Chapter 3. A Growing Number of Trading Partners, 1966-1976Chapter 4. Loosening Control and Diversifying Trade Models, 1976-1978Chapter 5. Initial Steps in Institutional Reform, 1979-1984Chapter 6. The Foreign Trade Contract Responsibility System, 1984-1989Chapter 7. Toward a Market-driven Foreign Trade System, 1989-1992Chapter 8. Accelerated Market Reform and Final Push Toward WTO Membership, 1992-2001Chapter 9. Trade under the WTO, 2001-2008Chapter 10. Increasing Frictions and Adaptation, 2009-2019
Doing Social Research and Publishing Results
This book provides a guide to such budding social researchers, who are non-native English speakers drawing examples from literature to show how to conduct a research, present research results, integrate with existing literature to draw conclusions through real-world examples. Existing English books teaching research methods and philosophy of academic research are written in 'academic English' and, it is hard for non-native English-speaking budding researchers to study and understand those books. Also, this book uses examples to show how to communicate with journal editors and peer reviewers to get published the research results as journal articles, book chapters or conference papers. This book connects different quantitative techniques, qualitative methodologies (case studies, phenomenology and ethnography and Grounded theory) as well as Mixed methods methodology through a single example. This book attempts to describe a holistic approach introducing a 10Ps model that incorporates the essential elements of the research process. The process focuses on combining philosophical framework and arguments from research results. This book focuses not only on conducting a research project, but also on the approach and procedures to be followed to achieve higher marks for course work assignments and publishing research articles in international journals. This book shows how to create many papers from one research/data set to increase number of publications and citations. This book has fewer words and more illustrations, tables, figures, pictures and YouTube tutorial links. This book outlines how to present test results in APA style for all the statistical test used in this book, using examples.
Reconstruction of Macroeconomics: Methods of Statistical Physics, and Keynes' Principle of Effective Demand
This book explains how standard micro-founded macroeconomics is misguided and proposes an alternative method based on statistical physics. The Great Recession following the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers in September 2015 amply demonstrated that mainstream micro-founded macroeconomics was in trouble. The new approach advanced in this book reasonably explains important macro-problems such as employment, business cycles, growth, and inflation/deflation. The key concept is demand failures, which modern micro-founded macroeconomics has ignored. "It (Chapter 3) captures analytically a good part of the intuition that underlies the Keynesian economics of people like Tobin and me." Robert Solow, Emeritus Institute Professor of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Nobel Laureate in Economics, 1987"Professor Hiroshi Yoshikawa provides a unique synthesis of statistical physics and macro-economic theory in order to confront the dismal failure in economics and in finance to understand how an economy or a financial market works, given the heterogeneous decision making of many different individual interacting actors. Economics has failed in this regard with the naive and often misleading concept of "representative agents." The author presents many insights on the historical development, concepts, and errors made by the most illustrious economists in the past. This book should be essential readings for any economics students as well as academic researchers and policy makers, who should learn to bring back good-sense thinking in their impactful decisions."Didier Sornette, Professor on the Chair of Entrepreneurial Risks at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich)
Calming the Storms
Analyses the reaction of the Victorian Treasury to fiscal and financial crises in the nineteenth century Macroeconomically analyses the causes of Victorian financial crises in Britain and Ireland Explores the relationship between financial crises and exchange-rate policy, a subject where there has been a revival of interest amongst academics in recent years Considers Great Britain and Ireland together as part of a single monetary union
200 Years of Friedrich Engels
Chapter 1: Introduction.- Chapter 2: Friedrich Engels at 200 Revisiting his maiden paper "Outlines of a Critique of Political Economy" (1844).- Chapter 3: The Internal Contradiction of Land Rent and Young Engels' Critical Theory of Private Ownership.- Chapter 4: Engels, Werner Sombart, and the significance of Marx's economics.- Chapter 5: Friedrich Engels and positivism - an attempt at classification.- Chapter 6: Engels' Conceptions of Dialectics, Nature and Dialectics of Nature.- Chapter 7: Friedrich Engels and the revolution.- Chapter 8: Remarks on the embarrassed publishing history of Engels, Die Lage der arbeitenden Klasse in England.- Chapter 9: "Economic facts are stronger than politics" Friedrich Engels, American Industrialization, and Class Consciousness.- Chapter 10: Engels' strategic advice to the representatives of the Italian labour movement.- Chapter 11: Friedrich Engels and Electricity.- Chapter 12: Two sides of young Friedrich Engels: private letters and professional studies.
New Challenges for Macroeconomic Policies
This book examines the economic policies that will underpin the evolution of growth in industrialised economies in coming decades. The change in focus of policymakers away from short-term regulation and policies towards problems of structural change is discussed in relation to the Taylor rule and Fisher relationship. Both empirical observations and quantitative analyses are utilised to explore diverse but interrelating topics, including interest rates dynamics, macroeconomic equilibrium, economic vulnerability, poverty and inequality, environmental sustainability, and monetary and fiscal policies.This book aims to propose policies that can produce economic growth without compromising social stability and environmental balances. It will be of interest to researchers and policymakers working within economic development and policy.
The Operations of Chinese Infrastructure Multinationals in Africa
The book aims to analyse and evaluate the strategic positioning of China's participation in terms of firm-level performance in the generation of infrastructure capacity in African countries. Africa counts among its development challenges a major bottleneck of infrastructure capacity and shortage of investable capital. China's long period of high growth generates the strengths to secure availability of energy from Africa by enhancing infrastructure provision for the region. To achieve this complementary macro-level development, beyond the traditional dimension of infrastructure provision (ODA), Chinese IMNEs become the vital players on the intersection of these processes. Thus this research makes practical and analytical contributions to international business studies and development issues by making concrete the analysis of bilateral development processes from a macro context to a micro level framework (e.g. focusing on ICT and construction sectors), then fitting this into the realworld story. Infrastructure itself is a key element for potential investment and development processes. Therefore, how IMNEs achieve not only exist simply in a way of a commercial-oriented investment, but also in their implications for development and political related issues.
Sharing Economics
This book has studied the principle, essence and development law of sharing economics. First of all, it analyzes the inevitability of sharing economics as the mainstream and determines that its research object is the social resources of the production, gathering, exchange, use, distribution and value creation disciplines. Secondly, it defines and analyzes the connotation, scope, concept, characteristics, research hypothesis, property right attribute, constituent elements and income distribution of the sharing economics which aims to improve the efficiency of resource allocation and reduce the market transaction cost. This book is characterized by the construction of a theoretical system composed of contingency, cooperative consumption, cognitive surplus and impersonal transaction. This book provides readers with a theoretical theory of sharing economics and an important theoretical reference for innovative entrepreneurship.
Principal Component Analysis and Randomness Test for Big Data Analysis
This book presents the novel approach of analyzing large-sized rectangular-shaped numerical data (so-called big data). The essence of this approach is to grasp the "meaning" of the data instantly, without getting into the details of individual data. Unlike conventional approaches of principal component analysis, randomness tests, and visualization methods, the authors' approach has the benefits of universality and simplicity of data analysis, regardless of data types, structures, or specific field of science. First, mathematical preparation is described. The RMT-PCA and the RMT-test utilize the cross-correlation matrix of time series, C = XXT, where X represents a rectangular matrix of N rows and L columns and XT represents the transverse matrix of X. Because C is symmetric, namely, C = CT, it can be converted to a diagonal matrix of eigenvalues by a similarity transformation SCS-1 = SCST using an orthogonal matrix S. When N is significantly large, the histogram of the eigenvalue distribution can be compared to the theoretical formula derived in the context of the random matrix theory (RMT, in abbreviation). Then the RMT-PCA applied to high-frequency stock prices in Japanese and American markets is dealt with. This approach proves its effectiveness in extracting "trendy" business sectors of the financial market over the prescribed time scale. In this case, X consists of N stock- prices of length L, and the correlation matrix C is an N by N square matrix, whose element at the i-th row and j-th column is the inner product of the price time series of the length L of the i-th stock and the j-th stock of the equal length L. Next, the RMT-test is applied to measure randomness of various random number generators, including algorithmically generated random numbers and physically generated random numbers. The book concludes by demonstrating two applications of the RMT-test: (1) a comparison of hash functions, and (2) stock prediction by means of randomness, including a new index of off-randomness related to market decline.
Contemporary Strategic Chinese American Business Negotiations and Market Entry
This book is an effort to provide a "primary source", a guide for Chinese/American cross-cultural negotiations, which has been constructed and amassed by professionals living and working in China. Research included personal interviews, surveys, case studies, face-to-face negotiations, and consulting, melded with a broad body of international business. This book that has two focuses, China market entry and negotiations, Both China and the United States are vast, complex markets, with different histories and cultures. China market entry requires extensive research and understanding, of the inextricably linked elements of (a) how business is managed in China, (b) understanding the China market, and (c) negotiating all elements of your China market entry and ongoing business. To be successful in China, your firm will face these elements in terms of explicable and solvable activities. Research into data, theory, and perceptual cultural differences between your firm and your Chinese counterparts adds magnitude to your China overall business strategy, and mandatory and essential negotiations.
Internet Philanthropy in China
This book is the work of Charles Chen Yidan, "the Father of China's Internet Philanthropy". It is based on the long-term research and practices of Tencent Research Institute and the Tencent Foundation. It reviews the recent history of internet-based charity during the past 20 years. It provides a first-time comprehensive review and study of internet-based charity from different dimensions, including the nature of internet-based charity, typical innovations and practices at home and abroad, as well as future prospects for integrating new technology and charity. It offers important insights into the transformation of many charitable organizations, the regulatory approach of governments towards these organizations, and the development of future society. This book contains not only a large set of the latest data from foreign countries but also exclusive interviews of many industry experts, including the directors of online charity platforms and chairmen of typical charitable organizations. It provides valuable references and is highly recommended for enterprises, organizations, and authorities that want to understand and promote the advancement of philanthropy in China.
Commodities as an Asset Class
This book challenges the notion that commodities are always good hedges against inflation, which is the conventional belief today in financial markets. Specifically, it focuses on gold as a traditional hedge and the ways in which crypto assets are argued to be positioned as an alternative hedge against inflationary risk.The book engages with emerging debates around the performance of gold since the 2008 financial crisis, analyzing its characteristics, relationship with inflation, and the role of mining companies, and discusses ways that cryptocurrencies have replaced precious metals as an attractive asset class during an inflationary scenario. In considering the case of crypto as being or not a good inflation hedge, the book devotes particular attention to the theoretical financial and macroeconomic implications of a monetary system based on Bitcoin, dealing with the concept of money and the determination of Bitcoin's supply and purchasing power. Additionally, it outlines theconsequences that such a system would entail for the banking industry, and financial conditions involving interest rates, exchange rates, and the inflation-deflation dynamic. The book also analyses the relative impact of past and future events on the different commodity families.This work will be of interest to students and researchers in financial economics, macroeconomics, and monetary economics, as well as analysts and traders in financial and commodity markets.
The Eight Universal Dimensions of Culture from a Synthesis of Cultural Taxonomies
The crucial element of this book constitutes the synthesis of cultural dimensions from existing cultural taxonomies, extended by the operationalization of the eight identified Universal Dimensions of Culture (UDCs) into a questionnaire. First, an extensive Systematic Literature Review (SLR) is pursued to identify the current state of research, demonstrating the research gap on a unified approach for classifying national cultures into cultural dimensions. Eight assumptions displaying the eight UDCs are derived from the results of the SLR. Subsequently, an evaluation and selection framework for identifying the research base of comparable existing cultural taxonomies is developed. A research base of 11 cultural taxonomies and 50 cultural dimensions is retrieved. These serves as the basis for developing the eight UDCs, following a synthesis process and protocol. The eight UDCs are operationalized into a questionnaire, which is extensively pre-tested by experts and in the field. An example country study for Germany, Canada, and Brazil is conducted, and the corresponding country profiles for the eight UDCs are displayed.
Income Disparity Under Welfare and Poverty Dilemma in Emerging Countries
In the past few years, one of the most misunderstood concepts is income disparity. Income inequality issues are now a concern for the public. However, it was heightened by the recession in 2008-09, resulting in consequences for the corporate sector, the Occupy Wall Street movement, Covid-19 pandemic and a myriad of other events. This book analyzed how income disparity is rising with higher income distribution margins witnessed among the highest earners. This book has thirteen chapters, eliminating the introductory overview chapter, on income disparity, poverty, and economic well-being. These chapters were authored by academics who publish articles on these issues on a regular basis. The literature on these issues is substantial, and research interest in these topics has a long history. Furthermore, it is fairly unusual for academics' viewpoints on these subjects to disagree. In light of this, the subjects of the articles may best be regarded as representing the contributors' different viewpoints. Graduate students and professional researchers will also find these guides an excellent contribution to supplemental teaching in economic fields, especially labor economics, macroeconomics, and economic policies.
Circular Economy
Environmental degradation in the world is one of discussing problems in the literature for many decades. There are a lot of factors discussed that worsen our environment. Environmental degradation due to the pollution from fossil fuels induce countries to decrease their use, however, until the productivity of renewable resources reaches the necessary level, countries continue to be highly dependent on non-renewable sources. Another important issue is increasing waste in all spheres of our life. One of the solutions for the environmental degradation slowdown is in circular economy. The circular economy aims to produce as less waste as possible by reusing materials in new productions. The circular economy is becoming part of many different sectors of an economy. This book discusses and analyzes different sectors that are starting to be involved in the circular economy process in Turkey.
The Oxford Handbook of Banking 3rd Edition
The Oxford Handbook of Banking, Third Edition provides an overview and analysis of developments and research in this rapidly evolving field. Aimed at graduate students of economics, banking, and finance; academics; practitioners; regulators; and policy makers, it strikes a balance between abstract theory, empirical analysis, and practitioner and policy-related material. Split into five distinct parts The Oxford Handbook of Banking is a one-stop source of relevant research in banking. It examines the theory of banking, bank operations and performance, regulatory and policy perspectives, macroeconomic perspectives in banking, and international differences in banking structures and environments. Taking a global perspective it examines banking systems in the United States, China, Japan, Australia and New Zealand, Africa, the European Union, transition countries of Europe, and Latin America. Thematic issues covered include financial innovation and technological change; consumer and mortgage lending; Islamic banking; and how banks influence real economic activity. Fully revised and now including brand new chapters on a range of geographical regions, bank bailouts and bail-ins, and behavioral economics amongst many other topics, this third edition of The Oxford Handbook of Banking provides readers with insights to seminal and contemporary research in banking and an opportunity to learn about the diversity of financial systems around the world.
Lessons from a Successfully Export-Oriented, Resource-Rich Economy
A major theme of this book is that, contrary to what many experts believe, being endowed with a plenitude of natural resources is not a curse: rather it provides a potential advantage, if capitalized by the well-endowed economy. Much depends on the institutions that help frame the decision-making process that affects the process of growth and development. Canada is an example of a successful export-oriented economy. And, its export-orientation has been a focal point of discussion and debate, going way back to discussions of the early fur trade, the fishing industry, wheat farming, and mining and oil and gas exploration. Unlike other economies well-endowed with natural resources, Canada does not appear to be at all cursed, but rather blessed with natural resource abundance. This book, which ranges from the late seventeenth to the early twentieth century, provides insights from Canadian economic history on how such abundance can be a handmaiden of successful growth and development. From this perspective, the natural resource curse appears to be more of a 'man-made' phenomenon than anything else. This book also investigates aspects of gender inequality in Canada as well as the evolution of hours worked as it intersects with worker preferences and 'market forces'. The narratives in this book are contextualised by the construction of new or significantly revised data sets, which speaks to the importance of data construction to robust economic analysis and economic history.
Handover of Power - Social Market Economy
Social Market Economy rethought Do you sometimes worry that you will be made redundant or that your company will go bankrupt? And do you also want safe products that are produced sustainably, regionally and fairly? How can companies and workers help each other while remaining profitable? This book tells us: ... how democratic governance can produce happier employees, fewer strikes and lower management costs. ... how Tax-funded insurance and cooperation with state educational institutions and data centres can provide stable economic strength. ... how a domestic currency with its own stock exchange can strengthen the purchasing power of the population as well as investments in companies. After 20 years of work on this book series, Andreas Seidl thus ventures a step towards founding a party. In doing so, he entertains his readers both intellectually and visionarily. If this work can give you hope, inspire you or move you to action, it has fulfilled its purpose. Available in German and English
Handover of Power - Labour
Work rethought Do you also sometimes worry that your workplace makes you unhappy? And do you also wish for a free and safe working world for humans and nature? How could consumers, entrepreneurs and workers alike be protected and promoted? This book tells us: ... how four economic forms in one country can stabilise and complement each other as a circular system. ... how a Company Auditing Agency can ensure that all companies abide by its rules and make it easier for employees to contribute their ideas. ... which agriculture can promote environmental protection, but at the same time cost less and produce more food. After 20 years of work on this book series, Andreas Seidl thus ventures a step towards founding a party. In doing so, he entertains his readers both intellectually and visionarily. If this work can give you hope, inspire you or move you to action, it has fulfilled its purpose. Available in German and English
Handover of Power - Labour
Work rethought Do you also sometimes worry that your workplace makes you unhappy? And do you also wish for a free and safe working world for humans and nature? How could consumers, entrepreneurs and workers alike be protected and promoted? This book tells us: ... how four economic forms in one country can stabilise and complement each other as a circular system. ... how a Company Auditing Agency can ensure that all companies abide by its rules and make it easier for employees to contribute their ideas. ... which agriculture can promote environmental protection, but at the same time cost less and produce more food. After 20 years of work on this book series, Andreas Seidl thus ventures a step towards founding a party. In doing so, he entertains his readers both intellectually and visionarily. If this work can give you hope, inspire you or move you to action, it has fulfilled its purpose. Available in German and English
On the Road to Economic Prosperity
This Element investigates how the Ghanaian household wealth index is impacted by travel time reduction, which is a direct effect of infrastructural investments from 2000 to 2016. The wealth index is constructed based on the possession of selected assets and reflects the well-being of residents in Ghana. The Element employs two datasets, the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and the DHS Covariates. The two-stage least square estimation is implemented to establish the causal relationship. The Element finds that a ten percent reduction in travel time from 2000 to 2015 would result in a 1.2 percent increase in the wealth index from 2003 to 2016. This finding is robust to various settings, including the addition of more control variables, the use of different instrumental variables, and the study of both short-term and long-term effects. The analysis lends support to the Ghanaian government's current economic and infrastructure development plans.
